Editing Calgary Stampede (section)

===First Nations participation===
During each Stampede, the five nations of the [[Treaty 7]]–the [[Tsuu T'ina Nation|Tsuu T'ina]], [[Northern Peigan|Piikani]], [[Nakoda (Stoney)|Stoney]], [[Kainai Nation|Kainai]] and [[Siksika Nation|Siksika]]–create a camp on the bank of the [[Elbow River]] in the southern section of Stampede Park, originally known as the Indian Village, but renamed Elbow River Camp in 2018.<ref name=":6" /> They erect [[tipi]]s, organize [[pow wow]]s, offer arts and crafts, and re-enact elements of their traditional lifestyle.<ref name="CSIndianvillage">{{citation |url=http://www.indianvillage.ca/Default.aspx?cid=5&lang=1 |title=About Indian Village |publisher=Calgary Stampede |access-date=2011-06-18 |archive-date=2012-03-25 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120325210203/http://www.indianvillage.ca/Default.aspx?cid=5&lang=1 |url-status=live }}</ref> Each year, an Indian Princess is selected from one of the five nations to represent the Treaty 7 as part of the Stampede's royalty.<ref>{{citation |url=https://calgary.ctvnews.ca/stampede-queen-and-princesses-chosen-1.559248 |title=Stampede Queen and Princesses chosen |publisher=CTV News |date=2010-10-03 |access-date=2011-06-18 |archive-date=2014-08-10 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140810231006/http://calgary.ctvnews.ca/stampede-queen-and-princesses-chosen-1.559248 |url-status=live }}</ref> The village is among the Stampede's most popular attractions.<ref name="CHIndianVillageMoving">{{citation |last=Toneguzzi |first=Mario |title=Indian Village headed for bigger home |work=Calgary Herald |date=2011-07-13 }}</ref>

[[First Nations in Canada|First Nations]] people had been frequent participants in the city's exhibitions since they were first held in 1886, taking part in parades and sporting events and entertaining spectators with traditional dances. By 1912 however, pressure from agents of the [[Indian and Northern Affairs Canada|Department of Indian Affairs]] to suppress their historic traditions and to keep them on their farms nearly ended native participation.<ref>{{harvnb|Foran|2008|pp=48–52}}</ref> Weadick hoped to include native people as a feature of his Stampede, but Indian Affairs opposed his efforts and asked the [[Prince Arthur, Duke of Connaught and Strathearn|Duke of Connaught]], Canada's [[Governor General of Canada|Governor General]], to support their position. The Duke refused, and after Weadick gained the support of political contacts in Ottawa, including future [[Prime Minister of Canada|Prime Minister]] [[R. B. Bennett]], the path was cleared.<ref name="Foran55">{{harvnb|Foran|2008|pp=54–55}}</ref>

[[File:Indian Village.png|thumb|[[Tipi]]s at the Elbow River Camp|alt=A row of several conical canvas dwellings, each decorated in traditional native themes, including animals and bright colours.]]
Hundreds of Indigenous peoples, representing six tribes, participated at the 1912 Stampede. They camped in tipis and wore their finest traditional regalia, making them among the most popular participants in the parade.<ref name="Foran55" /> Tom Three Persons, of the Blood (Kainai) tribe, emerged as one of the Stampede's first heroes, amazing spectators with a winning performance in the saddle bronc competition.<ref name="GuysDream" /> He was the only Canadian champion of the first Stampede and became the first person to successfully ride Cyclone, a notorious horse that had thrown over 100 riders during its career.<ref>{{harvnb|Foran|2008|p=305}}</ref>

The federal government of Prime Minister [[Robert Borden|Borden]] attempted to prevent a repeat occurrence, modifying the ''[[Indian Act]]'' in 1914 to make it illegal for Indigenous peoples to participate in fairs or parades without permission from the local [[Indian Agent (Canada)|Indian Agent]].<ref>{{harvnb|Foran|2008|p=56}}</ref> The new law ended native participation in the Calgary Exhibition, but when Weadick returned in 1919, he successfully fought for their return to the fairgrounds.<ref>{{harvnb|Foran|2008|p=57}}</ref> The Indian Affairs Department under the government of Prime Minister [[William Lyon Mackenzie King|Mackenzie King]] attempted again to ban native participation in 1925 without success.<ref name="Gray80">{{harvnb|Gray|1985|p=80}}</ref> While conflicts between the Stampede and Indian Affairs continued until 1932, the Indian Village remained, and has remained, a staple on the grounds.<ref>{{harvnb|Foran|2008|p=60}}</ref>

First Nations members and the Stampede board have occasionally met with conflict. The original location of the Indian Village was on low-lying ground that frequently flooded, a problem that was not resolved until 1974 when the village was moved to its current location.<ref name="Foran65">{{harvnb|Foran|2008|p=65}}</ref> Complaints about low appearance fees paid to tipi owners, lack of input on committees related to their participation and accusations that natives were being exploited have periodically been made throughout the years.<ref>{{harvnb|Foran|2008|pp=65–67}}</ref> The Stoneys famously boycotted the 1950 Stampede following a rule change that cancelled a policy giving any Indigenous person free admittance upon showing their treaty card. The event that year was marred by violent thunderstorms, which led to apocryphal stories that the band had performed a rain dance in an effort to ruin the fair.<ref name="Foran65" />

Despite the conflicts, the native communities around Calgary have been enthusiastic supporters of the Stampede and the Indian Village.<ref>{{harvnb|Foran|2008|p=67}}</ref> The tipi owners have been long-term participants&nbsp;– many are third or fourth generation&nbsp;– and the Stampede has helped preserve and display First Nations cultures to the public.<ref>{{harvnb|Foran|2008|p=68}}</ref> The village again relocated in 2016, doubled in size and featured a new exhibit displaying the partnership between the city, local First Nations and the Stampede.<ref>{{citation |last=Toneguzzi |first=Mario |url=https://calgaryherald.com/news/local-news/calgary-stampedes-indian-village-moving-to-new-location-next-year |title=New, larger site awaits Indian Village |work=Calgary Herald |date=2015-07-06 |access-date=2015-07-08 |archive-date=2015-07-07 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150707220702/http://calgaryherald.com/news/local-news/calgary-stampedes-indian-village-moving-to-new-location-next-year |url-status=live }}</ref>

During the 2018 Stampede, it was announced that the name of the area would be changed to reflect "reconciliation and increased understanding of Indigenous peoples as modern and strong and resilient"; after a voting process among the camps, it was announced on the final day of the Stampede that the Indian Village would be renamed "Elbow River Camp".<ref>{{cite web|url=https://globalnews.ca/news/4327622/name-change-calgary-stampede-indian-village/|title=Name change coming for Calgary Stampede's Indian Village|last=de Castillo|first=Carolyn Kury|publisher=[[Global News]]|date=July 12, 2018|access-date=July 12, 2018|archive-date=July 13, 2018|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180713052431/https://globalnews.ca/news/4327622/name-change-calgary-stampede-indian-village/|url-status=live}}</ref><ref name=":6">{{cite news|last=Junker|first=Anna|date=July 15, 2018|title=Indian Village no more: Stampede mainstay now dubbed Elbow River Camp|url=https://calgaryherald.com/news/local-news/indian-village-no-more-stampede-mainstay-now-dubbed-elbow-river-camp|work=Calgary Herald|location=Calgary, Alberta, Canada|access-date=July 15, 2018|archive-date=July 15, 2018|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180715210510/https://calgaryherald.com/news/local-news/indian-village-no-more-stampede-mainstay-now-dubbed-elbow-river-camp|url-status=live}}</ref>