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==References== ===Notes=== {{notelist}} ===Citations=== ====Early==== :''When applicable, this list identifies the relevant passage of early sources in addition to a modern citation. Per [[WP:TRANSCRIPTION]], a translation from a Wikipedia editor is given and, if available, a loose translation from a modern source is provided.'' {{Reflist|group="‡"|30em|refs= <ref name="Sanfu Juelu" group="‡">{{ cite book | author= Zhao Qi (趙歧) | orig-date= 100s | chapter-url = https://archive.org/details/02084304.cn/page/n77/mode/1up | editor= Zhang Shu (張澍) | editor-link=:zh:張澍 | date= 1800s | quote= 令左伯字子邑東萊人"<br />"He ordered Zuo Bo, courtesy name Ziyi, who came from Donglai... | title= Sanfu Juelu| script-title=zh:三輔決錄 | title-link=:zh:三輔決錄 | chapter= 2.14b }}</ref> }} ====Modern==== {{Reflist|30em}} ===Bibliography=== ====Early==== {{refbegin}} * {{cite book |author=Yan Du |script-title=zh:東觀漢記 |title=[[:s:zh:後漢書|''Dongguan Hanji'']] |trans-title=[[Dongguan Hanji|History of the Eastern Han]] |volume=[[:s:zh:東觀漢記 (四庫全書本)/卷20|20]] |language=zh|ref={{sfnRef|''Dongguan Hanji'' 20/2b}} |author-mask=Compiled by {{ill|延笃|zh|lt=Yan Du}} (2nd century) }} * {{cite book |author=Fan Ye |script-title=zh:後漢書 |title=[[:s:zh:後漢書|''Hou Hanshu'']] |trans-title=[[Book of the Later Han]] |volume=[[:s:zh:後漢書/卷78#蔡伦|78]] |language=zh|ref={{sfnRef|''Hou Hanshu'' (78/68:2513–14)}} |author-mask=Compiled by [[Fan Ye (historian)|Fan Ye]] (5th century) }} * {{cite book |author=Sima Guang |script-title=zh:資治通鑑 |title=[[:s:zh:資治通鑑|''Zizhi Tongjian'']] |trans-title=[[Zizhi Tongjian|Comprehensive Mirror in Aid of Governance]] |volume=[[:s:zh:資治通鑑/卷049|49]], [[:s:zh:資治通鑑/卷050|50]] |language=zh |ref=CITEREFSIMAGUANG |author-mask=Compiled by [[Sima Guang]] (1084 )}} {{refend}} ====Modern==== =====Books===== {{refbegin|32em}} * {{cite book |last=Bielenstein |first=Hans |author-link=Hans Bielenstein |year=1980 |title=The Bureaucracy of Han Times |publisher=[[Cambridge University Press]] |location=Cambridge |isbn=978-0-521-22510-6 }} * {{cite book |last=Blake |first=C. Fred |year=2011 |title=Burning Money: The Material Spirit of the Chinese Lifeworld |chapter=Chapter 3: Origins |pages=53–75 |publisher=[[University of Hawai{{okina}}i Press]] |location=Honolulu |isbn=978-0-8248-6010-3 |jstor=j.ctt6wqgqz }} * {{cite book |last=Carter |first=Thomas Francis |author-link=Thomas Francis Carter |year=1925 |title=The Invention of Printing in China and Its Spread Westward |publisher=[[Columbia University Press]] |location=New York |isbn=978-0-8260-1835-9 |url={{google books|plainurl=y|id=PgEYAAAAMAAJ}} }} * {{cite book |last=de Crespigny |first=Rafe |author-link=Rafe de Crespigny |year=2007 |title=A Biographical Dictionary of Later Han to the Three Kingdoms |publisher=[[Brill Publishers]] |location=Leiden |isbn=978-90-474-1184-0 |url={{google books|plainurl=y|id=49OvCQAAQBAJ}} }} * {{cite book |last=de Crespigny |first=Rafe |year=2016 |title=Fire Over Luoyang: A History of the Later Han Dynasty 23-220 AD |publisher=[[Brill Publishers]] |location=Leiden |isbn=978-90-04-32520-3 |url={{google books|plainurl=y|id=jSJ4DgAAQBAJ}} }} * {{cite book |last1=Day |first1=Lance |last2=McNeil |first2=Ian |year=1996 |title=Biographical Dictionary of the History of Technology |publisher=[[Routledge]] |location=New York |isbn=978-0-415-06042-4 |url=https://archive.org/details/isbn_9780415060424 |url-access=registration }} * {{cite book |last1=Eliot |first1=Simon |last2=Rose |first2=Jonathan |year=2009 |title=A Companion to the History of the Book |publisher=[[Wiley-Blackwell]] |location=Hoboken |isbn=978-1-4051-9278-1 |url={{google books|plainurl=y|id=CFiDCjMcnvcC&dq}} }} * {{cite book |last=Eyferth |first=Jacob |title=Eating Rice from Bamboo Shoots |year=2009 |chapter=4: Artisans into Peasants |volume=314 |pages=92–115 |publisher=[[Harvard University Asia Center]] |location=Pittsburgh |isbn=978-0-674-03288-0 |jstor=j.ctt1x07xz5 |doi=10.2307/j.ctt1x07xz5.10 }} * {{cite book |last=Eyferth |first=Jacob |year=2019 |title=Working with Paper: Gendered Practices in the History of Knowledge |chapter=Afterword: Making and Using Paper in Late Imperial China: Comparative Reflections on Working and Knowing beyond the Page |pages=208–224 |publisher=[[University of Pittsburgh Press]] |location=Pittsburgh |isbn=978-0-8229-4559-8 |jstor=j.ctvk8w0tg |doi=10.2307/j.ctvk8w0tg.18 |s2cid=243204129 }} * {{cite book |last1=Hart |first1=Michael H. |author1-link=Michael H. Hart |year=2000 |orig-date=1978 |title=The 100: A Ranking of the Most Influential Persons in History |edition=2nd |publisher=[[Kensington Books|Citadel]] |location=New York |isbn=978-0-8065-1350-8 |url={{google books|plainurl=y|id=jvbNRbDKY1wC}} }} * {{cite book |last1=Hunter |first1=Dard |author1-link=Dard Hunter |last2=Hunter |first2=Cornell |year=1978 |orig-date=1943 |title=Papermaking: The History and Technique of an Ancient Craft |edition=2nd |publisher=[[Dover Publications]] |location=New York |isbn=978-0-486-23619-3 |url={{google books|plainurl=y|id=1sEp3rtK994C}} }} * {{cite book |last=Holdstock |first=Nick |year=2018 |title=Chasing the Chinese Dream: Stories from Modern China |publisher=[[I.B. Tauris]] |location=London |isbn=978-1-78453-373-1 |url={{google books|plainurl=y|id=7-mKDwAAQBAJ}} }} * {{cite book |last=Monro |first=Alexander |year=2016 |title=The Paper Trail: An Unexpected History of a Revolutionary Invention |publisher=[[Vintage Books]] |location=New York |isbn=978-0-307-96230-0 |url={{google books|plainurl=y|id=-Y6mCQAAQBAJ}} }} * {{cite book |author=Poo Mu-chou |author-link=Poo Mu-chou |year=2018 |title=Daily Life in Ancient China |publisher=[[Cambridge University Press]] |location=Cambridge |isbn=978-1-107-02117-4 |url={{google books|plainurl=y|id=Z7paDwAAQBAJ}} |ref={{sfnRef|Poo|2018}} }} * {{cite book |last=Narita |first=Kiyofusa |year=1966 |title=Life of Ts'ai Lung and Japanese Paper-Making |publisher=Dainihon Press |location=Tokyo |oclc=8310445 }} * {{cite book |author=Tsien Tsuen-Hsuin |author-link=Tsien Tsuen-Hsuin |year=1962 |title=Written on Bamboo and Silk: The Beginnings of Chinese Books and Inscriptions |publisher=[[University of Chicago Press]] |location=Chicago |oclc=1153461323 |url=https://archive.org/details/writtenonbamboos0000chie |url-access=registration |ref={{sfnRef|Tsien|1962}} }} * {{cite book |author=Tsien Tsuen-Hsuin |editor-last=Needham |editor-first=Joseph |editor-link=Joseph Needham |year=1985 |title=Science and Civilisation in China: Volume 5, Chemistry and Chemical Technology, Part 1, Paper and Printing |publisher=Caves Books |location=Taipei |isbn=978-0-521-08690-5 |url={{google books|plainurl=y|id=Lx-9mS6Aa4wC&q}} |ref={{sfnRef|Tsien|1985}} }} * {{cite book |last=Peterson |first=Barbara Bennett |year=2000 |title=Notable Women of China: Shang Dynasty to the Early Twentieth Century |publisher=[[M. E. Sharpe]] |location=New York |isbn=978-0-7656-0504-7 }} * {{cite book |editor-last1=Li |editor-first1=Wai-yee |editor-last2=Denecke |editor-first2=Wiebke |editor-last3=Tian |editor-first3=Xiaofei |year=2017 |title=The Oxford Handbook of Classical Chinese Literature (1000 BCE-900 CE) |publisher=[[Oxford University Press]] |location=Oxford |isbn=978-0-19-935659-1 |url={{google books|plainurl=y|id=tO4wDgAAQBAJ}} }} * {{cite book |last=Wagner |first=Donald B. |year=2001 |title=The State and the Iron Industry in Han China |publisher=[[Nordic Institute of Asian Studies]] Publishing |location=Copenhagen |isbn=978-87-87062-83-1 |url={{google books|plainurl=y|id=hgpCx2c9JQEC}} }} * {{cite book |last=Wilkinson |first=Endymion |author-link=Endymion Wilkinson |year=2018 |title=[[Chinese History: A New Manual]] |publisher=[[Harvard University Asia Center]] |location=Cambridge |edition=5th |isbn=978-0-9988883-0-9 }} * {{cite book |author1=Provisional Urban Council [香港臨時市政局] |author-link1=Provisional Urban Council |author2=Hong Kong Museum of History [中國歷史博物館聯合主辦] |author-link2=Hong Kong Museum of History |date=1998 |script-title=zh:天工開物 中國古代科技文物展 |title=Tian gong kai wu: Zhongguo gu dai ke ji wen wu zhan |trans-title=Heavenly Creations: Gems of Ancient Chinese Inventions |script-chapter=zh:造纸 |chapter=Zàozhǐ |trans-chapter=Papermaking |language=zh, en|publisher=[[Hong Kong Museum of History|香港歷史博物館 [Hong Kong Museum of History]]] |location=Hong Kong |pages=54–71 |isbn=978-962-7039-37-2 |oclc=41895821 |ref={{sfnRef|Provisional Urban Council|Hong Kong Museum of History|1998}} }} {{refend}} =====Journals===== {{refbegin}} * {{cite journal |last=Barrett |first=T. H. |year=2011 |title=The Woman Who Invented Notepaper: Towards a Comparative Historiography of Paper and Print |journal=[[Journal of the Royal Asiatic Society]] |publisher=[[Cambridge University Press]] |volume=21 |issue=2 |pages=199–210 |jstor=23011493 }} * {{cite journal |last=David |first=Percival |author-link=Percival David |year=1935 |title=The Chinese Exhibition |journal=Journal of the Royal Society of Arts |publisher=[[Royal Society of Arts]] |volume=84 |issue=4333 |pages=111–121 |jstor=41360618 }} * {{cite journal |last=Kern |first=Martin |year=2001 |title=Ritual, Text, and the Formation of the Canon: Historical Transitions of "Wen" in Early China |journal=[[T'oung Pao]] |publisher=[[Brill Publishers]] |volume=87 |issue=1/3 |pages=43–91 |doi=10.1163/15685320152565349 |jstor=4528866 }} {{refend}} =====Online===== {{refbegin}} * {{cite encyclopedia |last=Cartwright |first=Mark |date=27 July 2017 |title=Eunuchs in Ancient China |encyclopedia=[[World History Encyclopedia]] |access-date=13 December 2020 |url=https://www.worldhistory.org/article/1109/eunuchs-in-ancient-china/ |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201210102245/https://www.ancient.eu/article/1109/eunuchs-in-ancient-china/ |archive-date=10 December 2020 |url-status=live }} * {{cite encyclopedia |date=1 January 2020 |title=Cai Lun {{pipe}} Biography, Paper & Facts |encyclopedia=[[Encyclopædia Britannica]] |publisher=[[Encyclopædia Britannica, Inc.]] |location=Chicago |access-date=18 May 2020 |url=https://www.britannica.com/biography/Cai-Lun |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201004012655/https://www.britannica.com/biography/Cai-Lun |archive-date=4 October 2020 |url-status=live |ref={{sfnRef|''Britannica''|2020}} }} * {{cite web |script-title=ja:西嶋の『造紙三神像』の掛け軸 |trans-title=Hanging scroll with the Three Gods of Paper-making, Nishijima |publisher=Minobu Town Museum of History and Folklore |location=[[Minobu, Yamanashi|Minobu]] |language=ja|access-date=22 June 2020 |url=http://www3.town.minobu.lg.jp/lib/shiryou/washi/kihon1.html |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190825023553/http://www3.town.minobu.lg.jp/lib/shiryou/washi/kihon1.html |archive-date=25 August 2019 |url-status=live |ref={{sfnRef|Minobu Town Museum of History and Folklore}} }} * {{cite web |date=2 August 2010 |title=Planetary Names: Crater, craters: Cai Lun on Moon |publisher=[[Astrogeology Research Program|USGS Astrogeology Science Center]] |location=[[Flagstaff, Arizona|Flagstaff]] |access-date=22 June 2020 |url=https://planetarynames.wr.usgs.gov/Feature/14749?__fsk=-1921080193 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200626025233/https://planetarynames.wr.usgs.gov/Feature/14749?__fsk=-1921080193 |archive-date=26 June 2020 |url-status=live |ref={{sfnRef|USGS Astrogeology Science Center|2010}} }} * {{cite magazine |date=2007 |title=Cai Lun (circa A.D. 50–121) |magazine=[[Time (magazine)|Time]] |access-date=27 February 2021 |url=https://content.time.com/time/specials/2007/article/0,28804,1677329_1677708_1677866,00.html |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200219140915/http://content.time.com/time/specials/2007/article/0,28804,1677329_1677708_1677866,00.html |archive-date=19 February 2020 |url-status=live |ref={{sfnRef|''Time''|2007}} }} * {{cite web |last=Wang |first=William |date=23 April 2015 |title=Cai Lun Paper Culture Museum: A page out of history |publisher=[[China Internet Information Center]] |access-date=4 June 2020 |url=http://www.china.org.cn/travel/2015-04/23/content_35398275.htm |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201009082624/http://www.china.org.cn/travel/2015-04/23/content_35398275.htm |archive-date=9 October 2020 |url-status=live }} * {{cite web |title=Cai Lun Lu, Pudong Xinqu, Shanghai Shi, China |website=[[Google Maps]] |access-date=25 March 2021 |url=https://www.google.com/maps/place/Cai+Lun+Lu,+Pudong+Xinqu,+Shanghai+Shi,+China/@31.1923144,121.6009595,17z/data=!4m5!3m4!1s0x35b27794f42e1a45:0x600e62529e80ce3b!8m2!3d31.1927455!4d121.6032061 |archive-date=4 August 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210804014147/https://www.google.com/maps/place/Cai+Lun+Lu,+Pudong+Xinqu,+Shanghai+Shi,+China/@31.1923144,121.6009595,17z/data=%214m5%213m4%211s0x35b27794f42e1a45:0x600e62529e80ce3b%218m2%213d31.1927455%214d121.6032061 |url-status=live |ref={{sfnRef|''Google Maps'' a}} }} * {{cite web |title=Cailun Road, Minhang District, Shanghai, China |website=[[Google Maps]] |access-date=25 March 2021 |url=https://www.google.com/maps/place/Cai+Lun+Lu,+Minhang+Qu,+Shanghai+Shi,+China/@31.0042681,121.3970862,17z/data=!4m5!3m4!1s0x35b28920063964af:0xa5a6c5ba78baa03f!8m2!3d31.0042635!4d121.3992749 |archive-date=4 August 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210804014147/https://www.google.com/maps/place/Cai+Lun+Lu,+Minhang+Qu,+Shanghai+Shi,+China/@31.0042681,121.3970862,17z/data=%214m5%213m4%211s0x35b28920063964af:0xa5a6c5ba78baa03f%218m2%213d31.0042635%214d121.3992749 |url-status=live |ref={{sfnRef|''Google Maps'' b}} }} * {{cite web |title=Cailun Road, Fuyang District, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China |website=[[Google Maps]] |access-date=25 March 2021 |url=https://www.google.com/maps/place/Cai+Lun+Lu,+Fuyang+Qu,+Hangzhou+Shi,+Zhejiang+Sheng,+China/@30.0102383,119.9701379,17z/data=!4m5!3m4!1s0x344b84ad9f89abf1:0x22964c04b035868f!8m2!3d30.0102337!4d119.9723266 |archive-date=4 August 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210804014149/https://www.google.com/maps/place/Cai+Lun+Lu,+Fuyang+Qu,+Hangzhou+Shi,+Zhejiang+Sheng,+China/@30.0102383,119.9701379,17z/data=%214m5%213m4%211s0x344b84ad9f89abf1:0x22964c04b035868f%218m2%213d30.0102337%214d119.9723266 |url-status=live |ref={{sfnRef|''Google Maps'' c}} }} * {{cite web |title=Cailun Road East Crossing, Weiyang District, Xi'an, Xi'an, China |website=[[Google Maps]] |access-date=25 March 2021 |url=https://www.google.com/maps/place/Cailun+Road+East+Crossing,+Weiyang+Qu,+Xian+Shi,+China/@34.3716214,108.8876662,17z/data=!4m5!3m4!1s0x36637e8f71ac4397:0x97ad65b4d8d57641!8m2!3d34.371617!4d108.8898549 |archive-date=4 August 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210804014148/https://www.google.com/maps/place/Cailun+Road+East+Crossing,+Weiyang+Qu,+Xian+Shi,+China/@34.3716214,108.8876662,17z/data=%214m5%213m4%211s0x36637e8f71ac4397:0x97ad65b4d8d57641%218m2%213d34.371617%214d108.8898549 |url-status=live |ref={{sfnRef|''Google Maps'' d}} }} * {{cite web |title=Cailun Road, Yaohai District, Hefei, Anhui, China |website=[[Google Maps]] |access-date=25 March 2021 |url=https://www.google.com/maps/place/Cai+Lun+Lu,+Yaohai+Qu,+Hefei+Shi,+Anhui+Sheng,+China/@31.9081541,117.3754672,17z/data=!4m5!3m4!1s0x35cb6fe3a5c1a9ad:0xf03228c18ef62758!8m2!3d31.9081496!4d117.3776559 |archive-date=4 August 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210804014148/https://www.google.com/maps/place/Cai+Lun+Lu,+Yaohai+Qu,+Hefei+Shi,+Anhui+Sheng,+China/@31.9081541,117.3754672,17z/data=%214m5%213m4%211s0x35cb6fe3a5c1a9ad:0xf03228c18ef62758%218m2%213d31.9081496%214d117.3776559 |url-status=live |ref={{sfnRef|''Google Maps'' e}} }} {{refend}}
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