Editing Bethel (section)

=== Hellenistic, Roman, Byzantine and medieval periods ===
Bethel/Beitin was again inhabited and fortified by [[Bacchides (general)|Bacchides the Syrian]] in the time of the [[Maccabees]].<ref name=Robinsonp449/>

During the [[First Jewish–Roman War|Great Jewish Revolt]], [[Vespasian]] captured Bethel in the summer of 69 CE.<ref name=":6">{{Cite book |last=Rogers |first=Guy MacLean |title=For the Freedom of Zion: the Great Revolt of Jews against Romans, 66-74 CE |date=2021 |publisher=Yale University Press |isbn=978-0-300-24813-5 |location=New Haven |pages=535}}</ref>

Robinson notes that after the writings of Eusebius and Jerome, he found no further references to Bethel in the written historical record. However, he notes that the ruins at Beitin are greater than those of a village and seem to have undergone expansion after the time of Jerome, noting also the presence of what appear to be ruins of churches from the [[Kingdom of Jerusalem|Middle Ages]].<ref name="Robinsonp449" /> The town appears on the 6th century [[Madaba Map]] as '''Louza''' ({{langx|grc|Λουζα}}), also known as Bethel ({{lang|grc|Βεθηλ}}, ''Bethēl'')".