Editing Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (section)

=== Paradoxical reaction to neuroactive substances ===
Another sign of the structurally altered signal processing in the central nervous system in this group of people is the conspicuously common [[paradoxical reaction]] ({{circa|10–20%}} of patients). These are unexpected reactions in the opposite direction as with a normal effect, or otherwise significant different reactions. These are reactions to neuroactive substances such as [[local anesthetic]] at the dentist, [[sedative]], [[caffeine]], [[antihistamine]], weak [[neuroleptics]] and central and peripheral [[painkillers]]. Since the causes of ''paradoxical reactions'' are at least partly genetic, it may be useful in critical situations, for example before operations, to ask whether such abnormalities may also exist in family members.<ref name="PMID21886668">{{cite journal |pmc=3163785 |date=2011 |title=Paradoxical Reaction in ADHD |journal=Deutsches Ärzteblatt International |department=Correspondence |volume=108 |issue=31–32 |pages=541; author reply 541–2 |doi=10.3238/arztebl.2011.0541a |pmid=21886668 |vauthors=Langguth B, Bär R, Wodarz N, Wittmann M, Laufkötter R |language=de}}</ref><ref>{{cite journal |vauthors=Laufkötter R, Langguth B, Johann M, Eichhammer P, Hajak G |title=ADHS des Erwachsenenalters und Komorbiditäten |language=de |trans-title= |journal=PsychoNeuro |volume=31 |date=2005 |issue=11 |page=563 |doi=10.1055/s-2005-923370 |doi-access=free}}</ref>