Editing Art Nouveau (section)

====Hungarian ''Szecesszió''====
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File:Museum of Applied Arts. Main facade from south. BudapestDSCN3639.jpg|[[Museum of Applied Arts (Budapest)|Museum of Applied Arts]] in [[Budapest]] by [[Ödön Lechner]] (1893–1896)
File:Földtani intézet - Budapest.jpg|[[Geological Museum of Budapest]] by Lechner (1898–99)
File:Cifrapalota Kecskemét Zsolnay.JPG|Façade detail of [[Cifrapalota]] in [[Kecskemét]] (1902)
File:Török bankhaz 03.JPG|Mosaic on the façade of {{Interlanguage link|Török Bank|fr|Banque Török}} building in Budapest by [[Miksa Róth]] (1906)
File:Four Seasons Gresham Palace Hotel - Facade - Pest Side - Budapest - Hungary.jpg|Relief on the façade of [[Gresham Palace]] in Budapest by [[Géza Maróti]] (1906)
File:Black Eagle Palace, Oradea, Romania, 2020.jpg|Black Eagle Palace in Oradea, today in Romania, at that time part of the Austro-Hungarian Empire, by Marcell Komor and [[Dezső Jakab]] (1907–08)
File:Timisoara, Casa Brück.jpg|[[Brück House]] in [[Timișoara]], today in Romania (1911). Along with [[Oradea]], Timișoara is part of the Art Nouveau European Route<ref>{{cite web |url= http://coupdefouet.es/en/cities.php |title=Cities |work=Art Nouveau European Route}}</ref>
File:Gróf Palace in Szeged (2).JPG|[[Gróf Palace, Szeged|Gróf Palace]] in [[Szeged]] by Ferenc Raichle (1913)
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The pioneer and prophet of the {{lang|hu|Szecesszió}} ('Secession' in Hungarian), the architect [[Ödön Lechner]], created buildings which marked a transition from historicism to modernism for Hungarian architecture.<ref name="lechner">{{cite web |url= http://artnouveau.eu/upload/magazine_pdf/cdf-23.pdf |title=The "Coup de Fouet" magazine, vol. 23 (2014), pp. 2–35 |access-date=7 July 2019 |archive-date=14 July 2020 |archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20200714050151/http://artnouveau.eu/upload/magazine_pdf/cdf-23.pdf |url-status=live}}</ref>
His idea for a Hungarian architectural style was the use of [[architectural ceramics]] and oriental motifs. In his works, he used pygorganite placed in production by 1886 by [[Zsolnay|Zsolnay Porcelain Manufactory]].<ref name="lechner" /> This material was used in the construction of notable Hungarian buildings of other styles, e.g. the [[Hungarian Parliament Building]] and [[Matthias Church]].

Works by Ödön Lechner<ref>[https://art.nouveau.world/odon-lechner Ödön Lechner] {{Webarchive|url= https://web.archive.org/web/20210411172053/https://art.nouveau.world/odon-lechner |date=11 April 2021}} – Art Nouveau World</ref> include the [[Museum of Applied Arts (Budapest)|Museum of Applied Arts]] (1893–1896), other building with similar distinctive features are [[Geological Museum (Budapest)|Geological Museum]] (1896–1899) and The Postal Savings Bank building (1899–1902), all in [[Budapest]]. However, due to the opposition of Hungarian architectural establishment to Lechner's success, he soon was unable to get new commissions comparable to his earlier buildings.<ref name="lechner" /> But Lechner was an inspiration and a master to the following generation of architects who played the main role in popularising the new style.<ref name="lechner" /> Within the process of [[Magyarization]] numerous buildings were commissioned to his disciples in outskirts of the kingdom: e.g. {{Interlanguage link|Marcell Komor|hu|Komor Marcell}} and [[Dezső Jakab]] were commissioned to build the [[Subotica Synagogue|Synagogue]] (1901–1903) and Town Hall (1908–1910) in Szabadka (now [[Subotica]], [[Serbia]]), County Prefecture (1905–1907) and [[Palace of Culture (Târgu Mureș)|Palace of Culture]] (1911–1913) in Marosvásárhely (now [[Târgu Mureș]], [[Romania]]). Later Lechner himself built the [[Blue Church]] in Pozsony (present-day [[Bratislava]], [[Slovakia]]) in 1909–1913.

Another important architect was [[Károly Kós]] who was a follower of [[John Ruskin]] and [[William Morris]]. Kós took the Finnish [[National Romanticism]] movement as a model and the Transylvanian vernacular as the inspiration.<ref>{{cite web |url= http://artnouveau.eu/upload/magazine_pdf/cdf-8.pdf |title=The ''Coup de Fouet'' magazine, vol. 8 (2006), pp. 37–41 |access-date=7 July 2019 |archive-date=23 August 2019 |archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20190823093910/http://artnouveau.eu/upload/magazine_pdf/cdf-8.pdf |url-status=live}}</ref> His most notable buildings include the Roman Catholic Church in [[Zebegény]] (1908–09), pavilions for the Budapest Municipal Zoo (1909–1912) and the Székely National Museum in Sepsiszentgyörgy (now [[Sfântu Gheorghe]], Romania, 1911–12).

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File:Pax, received silver medal of the Paris World Exhibiton in 1900.jpg|''Pax'', mosaic by [[Miksa Róth]], which received the silver medal at the Paris World Exhibition in 1900
File:Ödön faragó e jozsef sandor per cooperativa bùtorcsanok, studio, budapest 1901, 07.jpg|Cabinet by Ödön Faragó, from Budapest (1901)
File:Window with flower motives from the Villa Alpár.jpg|Window with flower motives from the Villa Alpár in Budapest, by Miksa Róth (1903)
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The movement that promoted Szecesszió in arts was [[Gödöllő]] Art Colony, founded by [[Aladár Körösfői-Kriesch]], also a follower [[John Ruskin]] and [[William Morris]] and a professor at the Royal School of Applied Arts in [[Budapest]] in 1901.<ref>{{cite web |url= http://artnouveau.eu/upload/magazine_pdf/cdf-14.pdf |title=The ''Coup de Fouet'' magazine, vol. 14 (2009), p. 16 |access-date=7 July 2019 |archive-date=16 July 2020 |archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20200716050521/http://artnouveau.eu/upload/magazine_pdf/cdf-14.pdf |url-status=live}}</ref> Its artists took part in many projects, including the [[Franz Liszt Academy of Music]] in Budapest.<ref>[https://art.nouveau.world/aladar-korosfoi-kriesch Aladár Körösfői-Kriesch] {{Webarchive|url= https://web.archive.org/web/20210411172053/https://art.nouveau.world/aladar-korosfoi-kriesch |date=11 April 2021}} – Art Nouveau World</ref>

An associate to Gödöllő Art Colony,<ref>[https://journals.ub.uni-heidelberg.de/index.php/icomoshefte/article/download/46884/40389/] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190710203233/https://journals.ub.uni-heidelberg.de/index.php/icomoshefte/article/download/46884/40389/|date=10 July 2019}} The Gödöllő Artists' Colony – article by David A. Hill</ref> [[Miksa Róth]] was also involved in several dozen Szecesszió projects, including Budapest buildings including [[Gresham Palace]] (stained glass, 1906) and {{Interlanguage link|Török Bank|fr|Banque Török}} (mosaics, 1906) and also created mosaics and stained glass for [[Palace of Culture (Târgu Mureș)|Palace of Culture]] (1911–1913) in Marosvásárhely.

A notable furniture designer is {{Interlanguage link|Ödön Faragó|hu|Faragó Ödön}} who combined traditional popular architecture, oriental architecture and international Art Nouveau in a highly picturesque style. {{Interlanguage link|Pál Horti|hu|Horti Pál}}, another Hungarian designer, had a much more sober and functional style, made of oak with delicate traceries of ebony and brass.