Editing Anti-aircraft warfare (section)

=== Navy ===
[[File:AK-630 30 mm naval CIWS gun.JPEG|thumb|Soviet/Russian [[AK-630]] [[Close-in weapon system|CIWS (close-in weapon system)]]]]
[[File:BGT IDAS.jpg|thumb|right|Model of the multirole [[IDAS (missile)|IDAS missile]] of the [[German Navy]], which can be fired 
from submerged anti-aircraft weapon systems]] Smaller boats and ships typically have machine-guns or fast cannons, which can often be deadly to low-flying aircraft if linked to a [[radar]]-directed [[fire-control system]] [[Close-in weapon system|radar-controlled cannon]] for point defence. Some vessels like [[Aegis combat system|Aegis]]-equipped destroyers and cruisers are as much a threat to aircraft as any land-based air defence system. In general, naval vessels should be treated with respect by aircraft, however the reverse is equally true. [[Carrier battle group]]s are especially well defended, as not only do they typically consist of many vessels with heavy air defence armament but they are also able to launch [[fighter jet]]s for [[combat air patrol]] overhead to intercept incoming airborne threats.

Nations such as Japan use their SAM-equipped vessels to create an outer air defence perimeter and [[radar picket]] in the defence of its Home islands, and the United States also uses its Aegis-equipped ships as part of its [[Aegis Ballistic Missile Defense System]] in the defence of the Continental United States.

Some modern submarines, such as the [[Type 212 submarine]]s of the [[German Navy]], are equipped with surface-to-air missile systems, since helicopters and [[anti-submarine warfare]] aircraft are significant threats. The subsurface launched anti-air missile was first purposed by US Navy Rear Admiral Charles B. Momsen, in a 1953 article.<ref>{{cite magazine|magazine=Popular Mechanics|author=Hearst Magazines|title=Will the New Submarines Rule the Seas?|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=8NsDAAAAMBAJ&pg=PA74|date=August 1953|publisher=Hearst Magazines|pages=74–78}}</ref>

====Layered air defence====
[[File:RIM-67 intercepts Firebee drone at White Sands 1980.jpg|thumb|A [[RIM-67 Standard|RIM-67]] surface to air missile intercepts a [[Firebee]] drone at [[White Sands, New Mexico|White Sands]], 1980.]]

Layered air defence in naval tactics, especially within a carrier group, is often built around a system of concentric layers with the aircraft carrier at the centre. The outer layer will usually be provided by the carrier's aircraft, specifically its [[Airborne early warning and control|AEW&C]] aircraft combined with the [[Combat air patrol|CAP]]. If an attacker is able to penetrate this layer, then the next layers would come from the [[surface-to-air missile]]s carried by the carrier's escorts; the area-defence missiles, such as the [[RIM-67 Standard]], with a range of up to 100&nbsp;nmi, and the point-defence missiles, like the [[RIM-162 ESSM]], with a range of up to 30&nbsp;nmi. Finally, virtually every modern warship will be fitted with small-calibre guns, including a [[Close-in weapon system|CIWS]], which is usually a radar-controlled [[Gatling gun]] of between 20 mm and 30 mm calibre capable of firing several thousand rounds per minute.<ref>Naval Strike Forum. [https://web.archive.org/web/20140912101504/https://www.lexingtoninstitute.org/wp-content/uploads/aircraft-carrier-invulnerability.pdf "What it takes to successfully attack an American Aircraft carrier"]. Lexington Institute. p. 15</ref>