Editing Tutankhamun (section)

==Death==
There are no surviving records of the circumstances of Tutankhamun's death; it has been the subject of considerable debate and major studies.<ref>{{cite web|last=Hawass|first=Zahi|title=Tutankhamon, segreti di famiglia|url=http://www.nationalgeographic.it/dal-giornale/2010/09/03/news/tutankhamon_segreti_di_famiglia-96415/|website=National Geographic|language=it|access-date=2 June 2013|archive-date=20 May 2013|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130520042034/http://www.nationalgeographic.it/dal-giornale/2010/09/03/news/tutankhamon_segreti_di_famiglia-96415/|url-status=dead}}</ref>
Hawass and his team postulate that his death was likely the result of the combination of his multiple weakening disorders, a leg fracture, perhaps as the result of a fall, and a severe malarial infection.{{sfn|Hawass et al. |2010}} However, Timmann and Meyer have argued that [[sickle cell anemia]] better fits the pathologies exhibited by the king,{{sfn|Timmann|Meyer|2010|p=1279}} a suggestion the Egyptian team has called "interesting and plausible".{{sfn|Marchant|2010}}

Murder by a blow to the head was hypothesised as a result of the 1968 {{nowrap|x-ray}} which showed two bone fragments inside the skull.<ref>{{cite journal |last1=Harrison |first1=R. G. |last2=Abdalla |first2=A. B. |title=The remains of Tutankhamun |journal=Antiquity |date=March 1972 |volume=46 |issue=181 |page=11 |doi=10.1017/S0003598X00053072 |s2cid=162450016 }}</ref> This hypothesis was then disproved by further analysis of the {{nowrap|x-rays}} and the CT scan. The inter-cranial bone fragments were determined to be the result of the modern unwrapping of the mummy as they are loose and not adherent to the embalming resin.{{sfn|Hawass|Saleem|2016|pp=101–102}} No evidence of bone thinning or calcified membranes, which could be indicative of a fatal blow to the head, were found.<ref name="Boyer et al skull spine">{{cite journal |last1=Boyer |first1=R.S. |last2=Rodin |first2=E.A. |last3=Grey |first3=T.C. |last4=Connolly |first4=R.C. |title=The skull and cervical spine radiographs of Tutankhamen: a critical appraisal. |journal=AJNR. American Journal of Neuroradiology |year=2003 |volume=24 |issue=6 |pages=1142–7 |pmid=12812942 |pmc=8149017 |url=http://www.ajnr.org/content/ajnr/24/6/1142.full.pdf |access-date=15 September 2019}}</ref> It has also been suggested that the young king was killed in a chariot accident due to a pattern of crushing injuries, including the fact that the front part of his chest wall and ribs are missing.<ref>{{cite web |last1=Knapp |first1=Alex |title=Forensic Experts Claim That King Tut Died In A Chariot Accident |website=Forbes |url=https://www.forbes.com/sites/alexknapp/2013/11/04/forensic-experts-claim-that-king-tut-died-in-a-chariot-accident/ |access-date=2 September 2019}}</ref><ref name="Harer 2017">{{cite journal |last1=Harer |first1=W. Benson |title=New evidence for King Tutankhamen's death: his bizarre embalming |journal=The Journal of Egyptian Archaeology |year=2011 |volume=97 |issue=1 |pages=228–233 |doi=10.1177/030751331109700120 |jstor=23269903 |s2cid=194860857 }}</ref> However, the missing ribs are unlikely to be a result of an injury sustained at the time of death; photographs taken at the conclusion of Carter's excavation in 1926 show that the chest wall of the king was intact, still wearing a beaded collar with falcon-headed terminals. The absence of both the collar and chest wall was noted in the 1968 {{nowrap|x-ray}}<ref>{{cite journal |last1=Harrison |first1=R. G. |last2=Abdalla |first2=A. B. |title=The remains of Tutankhamun |journal=Antiquity |date=March 1972 |volume=46 |issue=181 |page=9 |doi=10.1017/S0003598X00053072 |s2cid=162450016 }}</ref> and further confirmed by the CT scan.{{sfn|Hawass|Saleem|2016|p=95}} It is likely that the front part of his chest was removed by robbers during the theft of the beaded collar;<ref>{{cite journal |last1=Lobell |first1=Jarrett A. |title=The Case of Tut's Missing Collar |journal=[[Archaeology (magazine)|Archaeology]] |date=September–October 2022 |url=https://archaeology.org/issues/september-october-2022/digs-discoveries/digs-egypt-tut-collar-mystery/ |access-date=March 22, 2025}}</ref> the intricate beaded skullcap the king was pictured wearing in 1926 was also missing by 1968.<ref>{{cite magazine|last1=Forbes |first1=Dennis |last2=Ikram |first2=Salima |last3=Kamrin |first3=Janice |year=2007 |title=Tutankhamen's Missing Ribs |magazine=KMT |volume=18 |number=1 |page=56}}</ref>