Editing Tube map (section)

==Spin-offs and imitations==
[[File:London bus tube spider maps.jpg|thumb|A [[London Buses]] "spider map" on display next to a Tube map at Waterloo Station]]
[[File:Google Doodle London Underground Jan 2013.png|thumb|alt=a graphic of the Google logo drawn out in coloured Tube-style lines and stations|[[Google Doodle]] in January 2013 (150th anniversary of the Tube)]]
[[File:London Underground Overground DLR Crossrail map.svg|thumb|alt=Diagram containing several differently-coloured lines that connect nodes, which are small hollow black circles. The lines are mostly straight but sometimes have curved bends at regular angles. A stylised light-blue river is included.|A Wikimedia schematic version of the Tube map. The locations of lines and stations are not geographically accurate.]]
The 'look' of the London Underground map (including 45° angles, evenly-spaced 'stations' and some geographic distortion) has been emulated by many other underground railway systems around the world.<ref>{{cite web| url = http://www.ursasoft.com/maps/index.htm| title = Underground Railway Maps| archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20021004074359/http://www.ursasoft.com/maps/index.htm| archive-date = 4 October 2002}}</ref><ref>{{cite news |url=http://books.guardian.co.uk/reviews/referenceandlanguages/0,,1101403,00.html |work=The Guardian |location=London |title=All right, which bright spark moved Heathrow Airport? |first=Robin |last=McKie |date=7 December 2003 |access-date=26 May 2010 |archive-date=10 February 2008 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080210021837/http://books.guardian.co.uk/reviews/referenceandlanguages/0,,1101403,00.html |url-status=live }}</ref> While London Underground have been protective of their copyright they have also allowed their concepts to be shared with other transport operators ([[Amsterdam]]'s [[Gemeentelijk Vervoerbedrijf|GVB]] even pays tribute on its map).<ref>{{cite web |url=http://en.gvb.nl/reisinformatie/plattegronden/Pages/Metrostations-kaart.aspx |title=Where is my tram, bus or metro? |work=gvb.nl |access-date=17 September 2014 |archive-date=27 April 2014 |archive-url=https://archive.today/20140427131217/http://en.gvb.nl/reisinformatie/plattegronden/Pages/Metrostations-kaart.aspx |url-status=live }}</ref>

The success of the Tube map as a piece of information design has led to many imitations of its format. What is probably the earliest example is the [[Sydney]] [[Railways in Sydney|Suburban and City Underground railway]] map of 1939. It follows Beck's styling cues, and in size, design and layout, it is nearly a clone of the London map of the late 1930s, right down to the use of the Underground [[roundel]].<ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.flickr.com/photos/36844288@N00/3866891031/ |title=Sydney suburban & city underground railway map cover – 1939 |date=12 December 2010 |access-date=8 January 2013 |archive-date=17 February 2015 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150217145209/https://www.flickr.com/photos/36844288@N00/3866891031/ |url-status=live }}</ref><ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.flickr.com/photos/36844288@N00/3866890121/ |title=Sydney suburban & city underground railway map diagram – 1939 |date=29 August 2009 |access-date=8 January 2013 |archive-date=7 October 2013 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131007095640/http://www.flickr.com/photos/36844288@N00/3866890121/ |url-status=live }}</ref>

In 2002, Transport for London launched a series of [[London Buses]] "[[spider map|spider diagrams]]" to display at bus stops around the city, conveying bus route information in a schematic style similar to Beck's design,<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.london.gov.uk/mayor/transport/buses.jsp |title=Transport Strategy&nbsp;– Buses |access-date=13 November 2007 |author=Mayor of London |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20071005054612/http://www.london.gov.uk/mayor/transport/buses.jsp |archive-date=5 October 2007}}</ref> with straight lines and 45° angles depicting geographically distorted bus routes, coloured lines and numbers to differentiate services, and graphical markers to show bus stops. Tube and rail lines are not included, but interchanges are denoted with appropriate symbols by bus stop names, such as the Tube roundel. Unlike the traditional Tube map, the bus maps display services appropriate to specific transport hubs rather than a full network. Each map also contains a central rectangle of a simple geographically accurate street map to display the positions of bus stops; outside the rectangle, the only geographic feature to appear on the bus maps is the River Thames. The maps are also available for electronic download, with map collections ordered by London borough councils.<ref name="tfl-bus-maps">{{cite web |url=http://www.tfl.gov.uk/tfl/gettingaround/maps/buses/ |title=Bus route maps |publisher=Transport for London |access-date=14 December 2009 |archive-date=30 August 2010 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100830063439/http://www.tfl.gov.uk/tfl/gettingaround/maps/buses/ |url-status=live }}</ref> The bus maps were designed for TfL by the cartographic design company T-Kartor group.<ref name="t-kartor">{{cite web |url=http://www.t-kartor.com/products-and-services/public-transport/london-bus-spider-maps |title=London bus spider maps |publisher=T-Kartor |access-date=25 April 2013 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130109055104/http://www.t-kartor.com/products-and-services/public-transport/london-bus-spider-maps |archive-date=9 January 2013}}</ref>

An [[isochrone map]] of the network was made available in 2007.<ref name="howtodobusiness 2007">{{cite web |url=http://blog.howtodobusiness.com/2007/07/25/getting-about-isochrone-map-of-london-underground/ |title=Getting about&nbsp;– Isochrone map of London Underground |publisher=howtodobusiness.com |date=25 July 2007 |access-date=21 March 2012 |author=DrAlanRae |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120417234937/http://blog.howtodobusiness.com/2007/07/25/getting-about-isochrone-map-of-london-underground/ |archive-date=17 April 2012 |url-status=dead }}</ref>

In 2009, [[British Waterways]] produced a map of London's waterways in a Tube-style diagrammatic map, depicting the [[River Thames]], the various [[:Category:Canals in London|canals]] and [[Subterranean rivers of London|subterranean rivers]] in the city.<ref name="waterways">{{cite news |url=https://www.theguardian.com/artanddesign/gallery/2009/nov/25/london-tube-map-design?picture=356105646 |title=Tunnel vision: a history of the London tube map |date=26 November 2009 |newspaper=The Guardian |access-date=3 December 2009 |archive-date=16 October 2015 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20151016043150/http://www.theguardian.com/artanddesign/gallery/2009/nov/25/london-tube-map-design?picture=356105646 |url-status=live }}</ref>

Attempts to create alternative versions to the official Tube map have continued. In June 2011, the British designer Mark Noad unveiled his vision for a more 'geographically accurate' London Underground map.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.rail.co/2011/06/28/designer-gives-london-tube-map-a-makeover/ |title=Designer gives London Tube map a makeover |last=Samuel |first=A. |date=28 June 2011 |access-date=1 July 2011 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120320215454/http://www.rail.co/2011/06/28/designer-gives-london-tube-map-a-makeover/ |archive-date=20 March 2012}}</ref> The map is an attempt to see if it is possible to create a geographically accurate representation of the Underground system and still retain some of the clarity of Beck's original diagram. It uses similar principles, fixed-line angles (30° and 60°, instead of 45°) and shortens the extremities of the lines to make it more compact.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.lovehatetravel.co.uk/21st-century-tube-map-interview-with-mark-noad/ |title=21st Century Tube Map&nbsp;– Interview with Mark Noad |first=Tom |last=Bourner |date=28 June 2011 |access-date=29 June 2011 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20111107020750/http://www.lovehatetravel.co.uk/21st-century-tube-map-interview-with-mark-noad/ |archive-date=7 November 2011}}</ref> In 2013, Dr Max Roberts, a psychology lecturer at the [[University of Essex]] with a particular interest in [[usability]], [[information design]] and schematic mapping, issued his own version of the Tube map. His design, based on a series of [[concentric]] circles, emphasised the concept of the newly completed [[orbirail|orbital loop]] surrounding [[Central London]] with radial lines.<ref>{{cite news |title=Every line becomes a circle line: a new way to see the tube map |url=https://www.theguardian.com/news/datablog/2013/jan/31/circle-line-tube-map-visualised |access-date=9 June 2015 |work=The Guardian |date=31 January 2013 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130817005121/http://www.theguardian.com/news/datablog/2013/jan/31/circle-line-tube-map-visualised |archive-date=17 August 2013 |url-status=live}}</ref> A map created to illustrate Tube-related articles on [[Wikipedia]] in 2014 was praised for its clarity and for including future developments such as [[Crossrail]].<ref>{{cite news |last1=Brooks-Pollock |first1=Tom |work=[[The Independent]] |title=A Tube map of the London Underground that's far more useful than the 'official' one |url=https://www.independent.co.uk/news/uk/a-tube-map-of-the-london-underground-thats-far-more-useful-than-the-official-one-10289941.html |access-date=6 June 2015 |date=5 June 2015 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150605215707/http://www.independent.co.uk/news/uk/a-tube-map-of-the-london-underground-thats-far-more-useful-than-the-official-one-10289941.html |archive-date=5 June 2015 |url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |title=This amateur London Tube map someone posted on Wikipedia is far better than the real thing |url=http://www.citymetric.com/transport/amateur-london-tube-map-someone-posted-wikipedia-far-better-real-thing-1090 |website=[[CityMetric]] |date=June 2015 |access-date=2 March 2017 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150606124031/http://www.citymetric.com/transport/amateur-london-tube-map-someone-posted-wikipedia-far-better-real-thing-1090 |archive-date=6 June 2015}}</ref>

In July 2015, a map of the network displaying walking calorie burn information for each leg was published by [[Metro (British newspaper)|Metro newspaper]].<ref>{{cite news |url=http://metro.co.uk/2015/08/05/august-tube-strike-2015-how-to-walk-the-tube-map-how-many-calories-youll-burn-and-the-apps-to-save-your-day-5328397/ |title=August Tube strike 2015: How to walk the Tube map, how many calories you'll burn and the apps to save your day |newspaper=[[Metro (British newspaper)|Metro]] |date=5 August 2015 |access-date=11 November 2015 |archive-date=18 November 2015 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20151118231225/http://metro.co.uk/2015/08/05/august-tube-strike-2015-how-to-walk-the-tube-map-how-many-calories-youll-burn-and-the-apps-to-save-your-day-5328397/ |url-status=live }}</ref>

===Cultural references===
The design has become so widely known that it is now instantly recognisable as representing London. It has been featured on T-shirts, postcards and other memorabilia. In 2006, the design came second in a televised search for the most well-known British design icon.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.icons.org.uk/theicons/collection/the-tube-map |title=The Tube Map&nbsp;– The Tube Map&nbsp;– Icons of England |publisher=Icons.org.uk |access-date=9 January 2013 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100525081322/http://www.icons.org.uk/theicons/collection/the-tube-map |archive-date=25 May 2010}}</ref> It is widely cited by academics and designers as a 'design classic',<ref name="Design-technology.info"/><ref>{{cite web |url=http://diagrams.org/fig-pages/f00022.html |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20051203012047/http://diagrams.org/fig-pages/f00022.html |url-status=dead |archive-date=3 December 2005 |title=The London Underground Map&nbsp;– Harry Beck's Design Icon |publisher=Diagrams.org |date=11 January 2002 |access-date=9 January 2013}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.designmuseum.org/design/london-transport |title=London Transport / Designing Modern Britain&nbsp;– Design Museum Exhibition : Design Patron (1933–)&nbsp;– Design/Designer Information |publisher=Designmuseum.org |date=26 November 2006 |access-date=9 January 2013 |archive-date=20 August 2008 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080820062738/http://www.designmuseum.org/design/london-transport |url-status=live }}</ref><ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/dna/h2g2/A673517 |title=BBC&nbsp;– h2g2&nbsp;– Life and Times of the London Underground Map |publisher=BBC |access-date=9 January 2013 |archive-date=13 December 2010 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20101213015433/http://www.bbc.co.uk/dna/h2g2/A673517 |url-status=live }}</ref> and those cultural associations make London Underground not usually permit the design to be used or altered for any other purpose.<ref>The [[London Underground anagram map]] is an example of a parody map that was removed because [[Transport for London]] claimed [[copyright infringement]].</ref> That has been officially sanctioned only on a few occasions:
* David Booth's ''[[Tate Gallery|The Tate Gallery]] by Tube'' (1986) is one of a series of publicity posters for the Underground.<ref name="Tate by tube">[http://www.clarksbury.com/cdl/maps/tatemap.jpg ''The Tate Gallery by Tube''] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070709205939/http://www.clarksbury.com/cdl/maps/tatemap.jpg |date=9 July 2007 }} from {{cite web |url=http://www.clarksbury.com/cdl/maps.html |title=The London Tube Map Archive |access-date=8 February 2009 |archive-date=11 August 2007 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070811163253/http://www.clarksbury.com/cdl/maps.html |url-status=live }}</ref> His work showed the lines of the map squeezed out of tubes of paint (with the name of the gallery's nearest station, [[Pimlico tube station|Pimlico]], on a paint-tube) and has since been used on the cover of the pocket map.
* In [[Tate Modern]] hangs ''[[The Great Bear (lithograph)|The Great Bear]]'' by [[Simon Patterson (artist)|Simon Patterson]], a subtle parody of the contemporary map design, first displayed in 1992 in which the station names on the Tube map have been replaced by those of famous figures.
* In 2003, to coincide with the publication of a book about tube maps from all over the world, the [[London Transport Museum]] released a "World Metro Map" poster that was strongly based on the London diagram and approved by TfL.
* [[File:aotu hammersmith.jpg|thumb|right|The shape of a pig seen in the lines of the London Underground map, from Paul Middlewick's ''Animals on the Underground'']]''Animals on the Underground'' is a collection of over 20 animal characters depicted using only lines, stations and interchange symbols on the London Underground map, created by illustrator Paul Middlewick in 1987. In 2003, the concept was used in a poster campaign by advertising agency [[McCann-Erickson]] to promote the [[London Zoo]].<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.londonnet.co.uk/ln/guide/about/museumslt.html#feature |title=Animals Underground |date=14 August 2003 |publisher=London.net |access-date=18 November 2007 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20071024103700/http://www.londonnet.co.uk/ln/guide/about/museumslt.html#feature |archive-date=24 October 2007}}</ref> In May 2010, a children's storybook was released that used the characters, "Lost Property". It is the story of an elephant called "Elephant & Castle" who loses his memory and is helped by Angel the angel fish. The book was illustrated by Middlewick and written by Jon Sayers, and its official launch took place at the [[London Transport Museum]].
* [[Albus Dumbledore]], a central character in the [[Harry Potter series]], has a scar just above his left knee that is in the shape of a Tube map.
* In 2006, ''[[The Guardian]]'' published a design based on the tube map, purporting to show the relationships between musicians and musical genres in the 20th century.<ref>{{cite news |title=Going Underground |url=http://blogs.guardian.co.uk/culturevulture/archives/2006/02/03/going_underground.html |work=The Guardian |first=Dorian |last=Lynskey |date=3 February 2006 |access-date=1 April 2008 |location=London |archive-date=8 July 2007 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070708083757/http://blogs.guardian.co.uk/culturevulture/archives/2006/02/03/going_underground.html |url-status=live }}</ref>
* On 11 January 2007, [[Andrew Adonis|Lord Adonis]] unveiled a depiction of the map featuring the names of successful schools and students at GCSE level as part of the London Student Awards 2007.
* The [[Royal Shakespeare Company]] produced a map in 2007 linking Shakespearean characters according to their traits in a diagram that resembles the map for complexity.
* The game development studio [[Dinosaur Polo Club]] created the game ''[[Mini Metro (video game)|Mini Metro]]'', whose main mechanic is to efficiently connect stations in a strict Harry Beck style.<ref>{{cite web |title=Website from Mini Metro |url=http://dinopoloclub.com/minimetro/ |access-date=6 September 2015 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20161120011141/http://dinopoloclub.com/minimetro/ |archive-date=20 November 2016 |url-status=dead}}</ref>

Stylistic aspects of the London diagram, such as the line colours and styles and the station ticks or interchange symbols, are also frequently used in advertising.