Editing Transubstantiation (section)

====Lutheranism====
{{Main|Eucharist in Lutheranism}}
{{Further|Sacramental union}}
Lutherans explicitly reject transubstantiation<ref>Luther, Martin (1537), [http://bookofconcord.org/smalcald.php#sacrament ''Smalcald Articles''] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20081010210703/http://bookofconcord.org/smalcald.php#sacrament |date=2008-10-10 }}, Part III, Article VI. Of the Sacrament of the Altar, stating: "As regards transubstantiation, we care nothing about the sophistical subtlety by which they teach that bread and wine leave or lose their own natural substance, and that there remain only the appearance and color of bread, and not true bread. For it is in perfect agreement with Holy Scriptures that there is, and remains, bread, as Paul himself calls it, [https://www.biblegateway.com/passage/?search=1co10:16&version=NIV 1 Cor. 10:16]: The bread which we break. And [https://www.biblegateway.com/passage/?search=1co11:28&version=NIV 1 Cor. 11:28]: Let him so eat of that bread."</ref> believing that the bread and wine remain fully bread and fully wine while also being truly the body and blood of Jesus Christ.<ref name="Brug2-4">Brug, J.F. (1998), [http://www.wlsessays.net/files/BrugReal.pdf ''The Real Presence of Christ's Body and Blood in The Lord's Supper:: Contemporary Issues Concerning the Sacramental Union''] {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150204101123/http://www.wlsessays.net/files/BrugReal.pdf |date=2015-02-04 }}, pp. 2–4</ref><ref name="BasicDocs">Schuetze, A.W. (1986), ''Basic Doctrines of the Bible'' (Milwaukee: Northwestern Publishing House), Chapter 12, Article 3</ref><ref name="WELS-Transubs">{{Cite web |title=Real Presence: What is really the difference between "transubstantiation" and "consubstantiation"? |url=http://www.wels.net/cgi-bin/site.pl?1518&cuTopic_topicID=58&cuItem_itemID=2250 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://wayback.archive-it.org/all/20090928161126/http://www.wels.net/cgi-bin/site.pl?1518&cuTopic_topicID=58&cuItem_itemID=2250 |archive-date=28 September 2009 |access-date=25 July 2016 |website=WELS Topical Q&A |publisher=[[Wisconsin Evangelical Lutheran Synod]] |quote=We reject transubstantiation because the Bible teaches that the bread and the wine are still present in the Lord's Supper (1 Corinthians 10:16, 1 Corinthians 11:27–28). We do not worship the elements because Jesus commands us to eat and to drink the bread and the wine. He does not command us to worship them.}}</ref><ref name="WELS">{{Cite web |title=Real Presence: Why not Transubstantiation? |url=http://www.wels.net/cgi-bin/site.pl?1518&cuTopic_topicID=58&cuItem_itemID=1325 |url-status=dead|archive-url=https://wayback.archive-it.org/all/20090928161039/http://www.wels.net/cgi-bin/site.pl?1518&cuTopic_topicID=58&cuItem_itemID=1325 |archive-date=28 September 2009 |access-date=25 July 2016 |website=WELS Topical Q&A |publisher=[[Wisconsin Evangelical Lutheran Synod]]}}</ref> Lutheran churches instead emphasize the [[sacramental union]]<ref>[http://bookofconcord.org/fc-ep.php#part7.6 VII. The Lord's Supper: Affirmative Theses] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201031063041/http://bookofconcord.org/fc-ep.php#part7.6 |date=2020-10-31 }}, ''Epitome of the [[Formula of Concord]]'', 1577, stating that: "We believe, teach, and confess that the body and blood of Christ are received with the bread and wine, not only spiritually by faith, but also orally; yet not in a Capernaitic, but in a supernatural, heavenly mode, because of the sacramental union"</ref> (not exactly the [[consubstantiation]], as is often claimed)<ref name="WELSconsubs">{{Cite web |title=Real Presence Communion – Consubstantiation? |url=https://www.wels.net/cgi-bin/site.pl?1518&cuTopic_topicID=58&cuItem_itemID=11345 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://wayback.archive-it.org/all/20090927184649/https://www.wels.net/cgi-bin/site.pl?1518&cuTopic_topicID=58&cuItem_itemID=11345 |archive-date=27 September 2009 |access-date=25 July 2016 |website=WELS Topical Q&A |publisher=[[Wisconsin Evangelical Lutheran Synod]] |quote=Although some Lutherans have used the term 'consbstantiation' [''sic''] and it might possibly be understood correctly (e.g., the bread & wine, body & blood coexist with each other in the Lord's Supper),  most Lutherans reject the term because of the false connotation it contains&nbsp;... either that the body and blood, bread and wine come together to form one substance in the Lord's Supper or that the body and blood are present in a natural manner like the bread and the wine. Lutherans believe that the bread and the wine are present in a natural manner in the Lord's Supper and Christ's true body and blood are present in an illocal, supernatural manner.}}</ref> and believe that within the Eucharistic celebration the body and blood of Jesus Christ are objectively present "in, with, and under the forms" of bread and wine (cf. [[Book of Concord]]).<ref name="Brug2-4" /> They place great stress on Jesus's instructions to "take and eat", and "take and drink", holding that this is the proper, divinely ordained use of the sacrament, and, while giving it due reverence, scrupulously avoid any actions that might indicate or lead to superstition or unworthy fear of the sacrament.<ref name=BasicDocs/>

In dialogue with Catholic theologians, a large measure of agreement has been reached by a group of Lutheran theologians. They recognize that "in contemporary Catholic expositions, ... transubstantiation intends to affirm the fact of Christ's presence and of the change which takes place, and is not an attempt to explain how Christ becomes present. ... [And] that it is a legitimate way of attempting to express the mystery, even though they continue to believe that the conceptuality associated with "transubstantiation" is misleading and therefore prefer to avoid the term."<ref name="Luth">{{Cite web |title=The Eucharist |url=http://www.usccb.org/beliefs-and-teachings/ecumenical-and-interreligious/ecumenical/lutheran/eucharist.cfm |access-date=2019-09-25 |website=usccb.org}}</ref>