Editing Spirituality (section)

====Judaism====
Spirituality in [[Judaism]] ({{langx|he|רוחניות|ruhniyut}})<ref>{{Cite web|last=Lam|first=Label|url=https://torah.org/torah-portion/dvartorah-5783-shlach/|title=The Utmost Importance: Parshas Shlach|date=2023-06-16|website=Torah.org|access-date=2024-09-24}}</ref> may involve practices of [[Jewish ethics]], [[Jewish prayer]], [[Jewish meditation]], [[Shabbat]] and [[Jewish holidays|holiday]] observance, [[Torah study]], [[Kashrut|dietary laws]], [[Repentance in Judaism|teshuvah]], and other practices.<ref name=":1">{{Cite book|last=Green |first=Arthur|title=Jewish Spirituality|volume=1, 2}}</ref>{{sfn|Sonsino|2002|p={{page needed|date=January 2022}}}}<ref group=web>{{Cite web|title=What Are Jewish Spiritual Practices?|website=Institute for Jewish Spirituality|url=https://www.jewishspirituality.org/about/what-are-jewish-spiritual-practices/|access-date=2021-11-25|archive-date=2021-06-22|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210622084559/https://www.jewishspirituality.org/about/what-are-jewish-spiritual-practices/|url-status=live}}</ref> It may involve practices ordained by [[halakha]]h or other practices.<ref name=":1" />

[[Kabbalah]] (literally "receiving") is an [[esoteric]] method, discipline and school of thought of Judaism. Kabbalah is a set of esoteric teachings meant to explain the relationship between an unchanging, eternal and mysterious [[Ein Sof]] (no end) and the mortal and finite universe (his creation). Interpretations of Kabbalistic spirituality are found within [[Hasidic Judaism]], a branch of [[Orthodox Judaism]] founded in 18th-century Eastern Europe by Rabbi Israel [[Baal Shem Tov]]. Hasidism often emphasizes the [[Divine immanence|Immanent]] Divine presence and focuses on emotion, [[devekut|fervour]], and the figure of the [[Tzadik]]. This movement included an elite ideal of nullification to paradoxical Divine [[Panentheism]].<ref>{{Cite book|author1-link=David Biale|last1=Biale|first1=David|title=Hasidism: A New History|last2=Assaf|first2=David|last3=Brown|first3=Benjamin|last4=Gellman|first4=Uriel |last5=Heilman |first5=Samuel|last6=Rosman|first6=Moshe|last7=Sagiv|first7=Gadi|last8=Wodziński|first8=Marcin|date=2020-04-14|publisher=Princeton University Press|isbn=978-0-691-20244-0 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=0j63DwAAQBAJ}}</ref><ref>{{Cite book|last=Garb|first=Jonathan|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=OrjwDwAAQBAJ|title=A History of Kabbalah: From the Early Modern Period to the Present Day|date=2020-07-23|publisher=Cambridge University Press|isbn=978-1-108-88297-2}}</ref>

The [[Musar movement]] is a Jewish spiritual movement that has focused on developing character traits such as [[faith]], [[humility]], and [[Jewish theology of love|love]].  The Musar movement, first founded in the 19th century by [[Israel Salanter]] and developed in the 21st century by [[Alan Morinis]] and [[Ira F. Stone]], has encouraged spiritual practices of Jewish meditation, Jewish prayer, [[Jewish ethics]], [[tzedakah]], teshuvah, and the study of [[Musar literature|musar (ethical) literature]].<ref name=":0">{{Cite journal|last=Claussen|first=Geoffrey|date=2012|title=The Practice of Musar|journal=Conservative Judaism|volume=63|issue=2|pages=3–26|doi=10.1353/coj.2012.0002|s2cid=161479970|url=https://www.academia.edu/1502958|access-date=2019-05-20|archive-date=2021-10-24|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211024132900/https://www.academia.edu/1502958|url-status=live}}</ref>

[[Reform Judaism]] and [[Conservative Judaism]] have often emphasized the spirituality of [[Jewish ethics]] and [[tikkun olam]],{{sfn|Dorff|2018|p=49}}{{sfn|Kaplan|2018|p={{page needed|date=January 2022}}}} [[Jewish feminism|feminist spirituality]],{{sfn|Dorff|2018|pp=49, 151}}{{sfn|Kaplan|2013|p=53}} Jewish prayer,{{sfn|Dorff|2018|p=69–70}}{{sfn|Sonsino|2002|pp=72–92}} Torah study,{{sfn|Dorff|2018|p=91}}{{sfn|Sonsino|2002|pp=56–59}} ritual,{{sfn|Kaplan|2013|p=50}}{{sfn|Sonsino|2002|pp=112–129}} and musar.<ref name=":0" /><ref>{{Cite journal|last=Claussen|first=Geoffrey|title=The American Jewish Revival of Musar|url=https://www.academia.edu/1138592|journal=The Hedgehog Review|date=January 2010|access-date=2021-11-23|archive-date=2022-10-12|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20221012063815/https://www.academia.edu/1138592|url-status=live}}</ref>