Editing Spirit possession (section)

===East Africa===
{{anchor|Kenya}}'''Kenya'''
{{See also|Ufufunyane|label 1=Saka}}
* The [[Digo people]] of [[Kenya]] refer to the spirits that supposedly possess them as ''shaitani''. These ''shaitani'' typically demand luxury items to make the patient well again. Despite the fact that men sometimes accuse women of faking the possessions in order to get luxury items, attention, and sympathy, they do generally regard spirit possession as a genuine condition and view victims of it as being ill through no fault of their own. Other men suspect women of actively colluding with spirits in order to be possessed.{{sfnp|Gomm|1975}}
* The [[Giriama people]] of coastal Kenya believe in spirit possession.{{sfnp|McIntosh|2004}}

{{anchor|Mayotte}}'''Mayote'''
* In [[Mayotte]], approximately 25% of the adult population, and five times as many women as men, enter trance states in which they are supposedly possessed by certain identifiable spirits who maintain stable and coherent identities from one possession to the next.{{sfnp|Lambek|1988|pp=710–731}}

{{anchor|Mozambique}}'''Mozambique'''
* In [[Mozambique]], a new belief in spirit possession appeared after the [[Mozambican Civil War]]. These spirits, called ''gamba'', are said to be identified as dead soldiers, and allegedly overwhelmingly possess women. Prior to the war, spirit possession was limited to certain families and was less common.{{sfnp|Igreja|Dias-Lambranca|Richters|2008|pages=353–371}}

{{anchor|Uganda}}'''Uganda'''
* In [[Uganda]], a woman named [[Alice Auma]] was reportedly possessed by the spirit of a male Italian soldier named Lakwena ('messenger'). She ultimately led a failed insurrection against governmental forces.{{sfnp|Allen|1991|pp=370–399}}

{{anchor|Tanzania}}'''Tanzania'''
* The [[Sukuma people]] of [[Tanzania]] believe in spirit possession.{{sfnp|Tanner|1955|pp=274–279}}
* A now-extinct spirit possession cult existed among the [[Hadimu]] women of [[Zanzibar]], revering a spirit called ''kitimiri''. This cult was described in an 1869 account by a French missionary. The cult faded by the 1920s and was virtually unknown by the 1960s.{{sfnp|Alpers|1984|pp=677–702}}