Editing Shinkansen (section)

==Lines ==
[[File:Hokuriku Shinkansen 2024 Map.jpg|thumb|Map of Shinkansen services in the [[Chūbu region|Chūbu]] and [[Kantō region]]s as of March 2024]]

The main Shinkansen lines are:
{| class="wikitable"
|-
! Line
! Start
! End
! Operating<br />full route
! Operating<br />speed
! Length
! Operator
! Opened
! Passengers<br />(2023)<ref name=":6">{{cite web |date=31 October 2024 |title=鉄道輸送統計調査（令和 5 年度、国土交通省） Rail Transport Statistics (2023, Ministry of Land, Infrastructure and Transport) (Japanese) |url=https://www.e-stat.go.jp/stat-search/files?page=1&layout=datalist&toukei=00600350&kikan=00600&tstat=000001011026&cycle=8&year=20231&month=0&result_back=1&tclass1val=0&metadata=1&data=1 |website=Mlit.go.jp |access-date=20 November 2024 }}</ref>
! Passenger-km<br />(2023)<ref name=":6" />
|-
![[File:Shinkansen_jrc.svg|20x20px]] [[Tokaido Shinkansen|Tōkaidō Shinkansen]]
|{{STN|Tokyo|x}}||{{STN|Shin-Ōsaka|x}}
|
|{{cvt|285|km/h|0|abbr=on}}
|{{cvt|515.4|km|0|abbr=on}}
|{{ric|JR Central|name=y|size=25}}||1964||160,705,000
|52,935,160,000
|-
![[File:Shinkansen_jrw.svg|20x20px|■]] [[San'yō Shinkansen]]
|{{STN|Shin-Ōsaka|x}}||{{STN|Hakata|x}}
|
|{{cvt|300|km/h|0|abbr=on}}
|{{cvt|553.7|km|0|abbr=on}}
|{{ric|JR West|name=y|size=25}}||1972–1975||70,301,000
|18,722,736,000
|-
![[File:Shinkansen-E.svg|20x20px]] [[Tōhoku Shinkansen]]
|{{STN|Tokyo|x}}||{{STN|Shin-Aomori|x}}
|
|{{cvt|320|km/h|0|abbr=on}}
|{{cvt|674.9|km|0|abbr=on}}
|rowspan="2"|{{ric|JR East|name=y|size=25}}||1982–2010||81,547,000
|14,407,462,000
|-
![[File:Shinkansen-E.svg|20x20px]] [[Jōetsu Shinkansen]]
|{{STN|Ōmiya|x|Saitama}}||{{STN|Niigata|x}}
|{{STN|Tokyo|x}} – {{STN|Niigata|x}}
|{{cvt|275|km/h|0|abbr=on}}
|{{cvt|269.5|km|0|abbr=on}}
|1982||39,776,000
|4,577,061,000
|-
![[File:Shinkansen-E.svg|20x20px]] [[File:Shinkansen_jrw.svg|20x20px|■]] [[Hokuriku Shinkansen]]
|{{STN|Takasaki|x}}||[[Tsuruga Station|Tsuruga]]
|{{STN|Tokyo|x}} – [[Tsuruga Station|Tsuruga]]
|{{cvt|260|km/h|0|abbr=on}}
|{{cvt|470.6|km|0|abbr=on}}
||{{ric|JR East|name=y|size=25}}<br />{{ric|JR West|name=y|size=25}}||1997–2024||30,308,000
|3,610,142,000
|-
![[File:Shinkansen_jrk.svg|20x20px]] [[Kyushu Shinkansen]]
|{{STN|Hakata|x}}||{{STN|Kagoshima-Chūō|x}}
|
|{{cvt|260|km/h|0|abbr=on}}
|{{cvt|256.8|km|0|abbr=on}}
|rowspan="2"|{{ric|JR Kyushu|name=y|size=25}}||2004–2011|| rowspan="2" |16,089,000
| rowspan="2" |1,952,403,000
|-
![[File:Shinkansen_jrk.svg|20x20px]] [[Nishi Kyushu Shinkansen]]
|{{STN|Takeo-Onsen|x}}
|{{STN|Nagasaki|x}}
|
|{{cvt|260|km/h|0|abbr=on}}
|{{cvt|66.0|km|0|abbr=on}}
|2022
|-
![[File:Shinkansen_jrh.svg|20x20px]] [[Hokkaido Shinkansen]]
|{{STN|Shin-Aomori|x}}||{{STN|Shin-Hakodate-Hokuto|x}}
|
|{{cvt|260|km/h|0|abbr=on}}
|{{cvt|148.8|km|0|abbr=on}} 
|{{ric|JR Hokkaido|name=y|size=25}}||2016||1,401,000
|239,125,000
|}

In practice, the Tokaido, San'yō, and Kyushu lines form a contiguous west/southbound line from Tokyo, as train services run between the Tokaido and San'yō lines and between the San'yō and Kyushu lines, though the lines are operated by different companies.

The Tokaido Shinkansen tracks are not physically connected to the lines of the Tohoku Shinkansen at Tokyo Station, as they use different electrification standards, signaling systems, and earthquake mitigation devices. There also exists a dispute between JR East and JR Central about the use of the two platforms which were added to the Tokaido line's half of Tokyo station. Before JNR's privatization, they were conceived as being shared with the Tohoku line, and their construction used funds allocated to the Tohoku line's extension to Tokyo; however, the extension was finished after privatization, by which time the platforms were owned by JR Central. Therefore, there is no through service between those lines. All northbound services from Tokyo travel along the Tohoku Shinkansen until at least Ōmiya before splitting off towards Sendai or Takasaki.

Two further lines, known as ''[[Mini-shinkansen]]'', have also been constructed by re-gauging and upgrading existing sections of line:
{| class="wikitable"
|-
! Line
! Start
! End
! Operating<br />full route
! Operating<br />speed
! Length
! Operator
! Opened
|-
| [[File:JR logo (east).svg|frameless|21x21px]] [[Yamagata Shinkansen]]
| [[Fukushima Station (Fukushima)|Fukushima]] 
| [[Shinjō Station|Shinjō]]
| [[Tokyo Station|Tokyo]] – [[Shinjō Station|Shinjō]]
| {{cvt|130|km/h|0|abbr=on}}
| {{cvt|148.6|km|0|abbr=on}}
| rowspan="2" |{{ric|JR East|name=y|size=25}}
| 1992–1999
|-
| [[File:JR_logo_(east).svg|frameless|21x21px]] [[Akita Shinkansen]]
| [[Morioka Station|Morioka]] 
| [[Akita Station|Akita]]
| [[Tokyo Station|Tokyo]] – [[Akita Station|Akita]]
| {{cvt|130|km/h|0|abbr=on}}
| {{cvt|127.3|km|0|abbr=on}}
| 1997
|}
There are two standard-gauge lines not technically classified as Shinkansen lines but run Shinkansen trains as they use tracks leading to Shinkansen storage/maintenance yards:
* [[Hakata Minami Line]] ([[Hakata Station|Hakata]] – [[Hakataminami Station|Hakataminami]])
* [[Gala-Yuzawa Line]] – technically a branch of the [[Jōetsu Line]] – ([[Echigo-Yuzawa Station|Echigo-Yuzawa]] – [[Gala-Yuzawa Station|Gala-Yuzawa]])

=== Lines under construction ===
The following lines are under construction. These lines except [[Chūō Shinkansen]], called {{ill|Seibi Shinkansen|ja|整備新幹線}} or ''planned Shinkansen'', are the Shinkansen projects designated in the {{ill|Basic Plan of the Shinkansen Railway|ja|建設を開始すべき新幹線鉄道の路線を定める基本計画}} decided by the government.

* [[Hokkaido Shinkansen]] from {{STN|Shin-Hakodate-Hokuto|x}} to {{STN|Sapporo|x}} is under construction and scheduled to open by 2038.<ref name=":0" />
* [[Chūō Shinkansen]] (Tokyo–Nagoya–Osaka) is the first [[maglev]] Shinkansen line, which has been under construction since 2014. JR Central originally aimed to begin commercial service between Tokyo and Nagoya in 2027. However, in 2024, Central Japan Railway Co President Shunsuke Niwa said that due to construction delays a 2027 opening was now impossible and it is not expected to open until at least 2034.<ref name="auto1">{{Cite web|title=Japan rail operator gives up plan to launch maglev train in 2027|url=https://japantoday.com/category/business/update1-japan-rail-operator-gives-up-plan-to-launch-maglev-train-in-2027|access-date=30 March 2024|website=Japan Today|date=30 March 2024|language=en-GB|archive-date=30 March 2024|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240330000706/https://japantoday.com/category/business/update1-japan-rail-operator-gives-up-plan-to-launch-maglev-train-in-2027|url-status=live}}</ref><ref name="auto" />

{| class="wikitable"
|-
! Line
! Route
! Speed
! Length
! Construction<br />began
! Expected start of<br />revenue services
! Operator
|-
| [[File:Shinkansen_jrh.svg|20x20px]] [[Hokkaido Shinkansen]] Phase 2 
| [[Shin-Hakodate-Hokuto Station|Shin-Hakodate-Hokuto]] – [[Sapporo Station|Sapporo]]
| {{convert|260|km/h|0|abbr=on}}
| {{convert|211.3|km|0|abbr=on}}
| 2012 
| FY 2038
| {{ric|JR Hokkaido|name=y|size=25}}
|-
| [[Chūō Shinkansen]] Phase 1
| [[Shinagawa Station|Shinagawa]] – [[Nagoya Station|Nagoya]]
| {{convert|505|km/h|0|abbr=on}}
| {{convert|285.6|km|0|abbr=on}}
| 2014
| 2034
| {{ric|JR Central|name=y|size=25}}
|}

=== Planned lines ===
* The extension of [[Hokuriku Shinkansen]] to [[Osaka]] is proposed, with the route via Obama and Kyoto selected by the government on 20 December 2016.<ref name="railwaygazette.com" /> Construction is proposed to commence in 2030, and take 15 years.
* [[Nishi Kyushu Shinkansen]] has been built to full Shinkansen standards between Takeo-Onsen and Nagasaki, with the existing narrow-gauge line from Shin-Tosu to Takeo Onsen to remain as narrow-gauge track, although there is a proposal to build the section between Shin-Tosu and Takeo Onsen to full Shinkansen standards. In 2018, the [[Ministry of Land, Infrastructure, Transport and Tourism]] released [[cost-benefit analysis]] results to compare and contrast full Shinkansen, [[Mini-shinkansen]], and [[Gauge Change Train]] for this section.<ref>{{cite web |date=30 March 2018 |title=九州新幹線（西九州ルート）の整備のあり方に係る調査について |trans-title=About the investigation about the maintenance of the Kyushu Shinkansen (West Kyushu route) |url=https://www.mlit.go.jp/report/press/tetsudo03_hh_000081.html |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220705064325/https://www.mlit.go.jp/report/press/tetsudo03_hh_000081.html |archive-date=5 July 2022 |access-date=29 August 2021 |website=mlit.co.jp |language=ja}}</ref>
{| class="wikitable"
|-
! Line
! Route
! Speed
! Length
! Construction<br />proposed
! Expected start of<br />revenue services
|-
| [[Nishi Kyushu Shinkansen]] Phase 2
| [[Takeo-Onsen Station|Takeo-Onsen]] – [[Shin-Tosu Station|Shin-Tosu]]
| {{convert|260|km/h|0|abbr=on}}
| TBD
| TBD
| TBD
|-
| [[Hokuriku Shinkansen]] Phase 4 
| [[Tsuruga Station|Tsuruga]] – [[Shin-Ōsaka Station|Shin-Ōsaka]] (via [[Obama Station|Obama]] and [[Kyōto Station|Kyoto]])
| {{convert|260|km/h|0|abbr=on}}
| TBD
| 2030 
| FY2045
|-
| [[Chūō Shinkansen]] Phase 2 
| [[Nagoya Station|Nagoya]] – [[Shin-Ōsaka Station|Shin-Ōsaka]]
| {{convert|505|km/h|0|abbr=on}}
| {{convert|152.4|km|0|abbr=on}}
| TBD
| Unknown<ref name="kyodo03Jul20">{{cite web |author=<!--Not stated--> |date=3 July 2020 |title=JR Central gives up on opening new maglev train service in 2027 |url=https://english.kyodonews.net/news/2020/07/a97dfd2524f6-shizuoka-says-no-to-construction-for-new-maglev-train-service.html |access-date=8 July 2020 |publisher=Kyodo}}</ref> <small>(Originally 2037)</small>
|}

=== Cancelled lines ===
The [[Narita Shinkansen]] project to connect Tokyo to [[Narita International Airport]], initiated in the 1970s but halted in 1983 after landowner protests, has been officially cancelled and removed from the Basic Plan governing Shinkansen construction. Parts of its planned right-of-way were used by the [[Narita Sky Access Line]] which opened in 2010, and the [[Keiyo Line]] reused space originally set aside for the Narita Shinkansen terminus at [[Tokyo Station]]. Although the Sky Access Line uses standard-gauge track, it was not built to Shinkansen specifications and there are no plans to convert it into a full Shinkansen line.

=== Proposed lines ===
[[File:Planned Shinkansen Map English 2021.svg|thumb|upright=1.2|Map of proposed Shinkansen lines]]
Many Shinkansen lines were proposed during the boom of the early 1970s but have yet to be constructed and have subsequently been shelved indefinitely.
* Hokkaido Shinkansen northward extension: Sapporo–Asahikawa
* {{Nihongo|Hokkaido South Loop Shinkansen|北海道南回り新幹線|Hokkaidō Minami-mawari Shinkansen}}: [[Oshamanbe]]–[[Muroran]]–Sapporo
* {{Nihongo|Uetsu Shinkansen|羽越新幹線}}: [[Toyama, Toyama|Toyama]]–Niigata–Aomori
** Toyama–Jōetsu-Myōkō exists as part of the Hokuriku Shinkansen, and Nagaoka–Niigata exists as part of the Jōetsu Shinkansen, with provisions for the Uetsu Shinkansen at Nagaoka.
* {{Nihongo|Ōu Shinkansen|奥羽新幹線}}: Fukushima–Yamagata–Akita
** Fukushima–Shinjō and Ōmagari–Akita exist as the [[Yamagata Shinkansen]] and [[Akita Shinkansen]], respectively, but as "Mini-Shinkansen" upgrades of existing track, they do not meet the requirements of the Basic Plan.
* {{Nihongo|Hokuriku-Chūkyō Shinkansen|北陸・中京新幹線}}: Nagoya–Tsuruga
* {{Nihongo|Sanin Shinkansen|山陰新幹線}}: Osaka–Tottori–Matsue–Shimonoseki
* {{Nihongo|Trans-Chūgoku Shinkansen|中国横断新幹線|Chūgoku Ōdan Shinkansen}}: Okayama–Matsue
* {{Nihongo|Shikoku Shinkansen|四国新幹線}}: Osaka–Tokushima–Takamatsu–Matsuyama–Ōita
* {{Nihongo|Trans-Shikoku Shinkansen|四国横断新幹線|Shikoku Ōdan Shinkansen}}: Okayama–Kōchi–Matsuyama
** There have been some activity regarding the Shikoku and Trans-Shikoku Shinkansen in recent years. In 2016, the Shikoku and Trans-Shikoku Shinkansen were identified as potential future projects in a review of long-term plans for the Shikoku area and funds allocated towards the planning of the route.<ref>{{cite news |title=新幹線誘致、オ– ル四国で 4県や四経連で新組織結成 |url=https://www.nikkei.com/article/DGXLZO18571700W7A700C1LA0000/ |access-date=21 February 2019 |publisher=日本経済新聞}}</ref> A profitability study has also been commissioned by the city of [[Ōita (city)|Oita]] in 2018 that found the route to be potentially profitable<ref>{{cite news |title=豊予海峡ル –ト・新幹線案 １日６８００人利用で黒字 大分市試算 [大分県] |language=ja |trans-title=Toyoyo Strait Route / Shinkansen Proposal Profitable for 6800 people a day Oita City Estimate [Oita Prefecture] |publisher=西日本新聞 |url=https://www.nishinippon.co.jp/nnp/oita/article/385544/ |access-date=21 February 2019 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210512114900/https://www.nishinippon.co.jp/item/n/385544/ |archive-date=12 May 2021}}</ref>
* {{Nihongo|East Kyushu Shinkansen|東九州新幹線|Higashi-Kyushu Shinkansen}}: Fukuoka–Ōita–Miyazaki–Kagoshima
* {{Nihongo|Trans-Kyushu Shinkansen|九州横断新幹線|Kyushu Ōdan Shinkansen}}: Ōita–Kumamoto

In addition, the Basic Plan specified that the Jōetsu Shinkansen should start from [[Shinjuku Station|Shinjuku]], not [[Tokyo Station]], which would have required building an additional {{convert|30|km|mi|abbr=on}} of track between Shinjuku and Ōmiya. While no construction work was ever started, land along the proposed track, including an underground section leading to Shinjuku Station, remains reserved. If capacity on the Tokyo–Ōmiya section proves insufficient at some point, construction of the Shinjuku–Ōmiya link may be reconsidered.

In December 2009, then transport minister [[Seiji Maehara]] proposed a bullet train link to [[Haneda Airport]], using an existing spur that connects the [[Tōkaidō Shinkansen]] to a train depot. [[JR Central]] called the plan "unrealistic" due to tight train schedules on the existing line, but reports said that Maehara wished to continue discussions on the idea.<ref>{{Cite news|title= Maehara sounds out JR Tokai over shinkansen link for Haneda airport|newspaper= Japan Today |date=28 December 2009 |url= http://www.japantoday.com/category/national/view/maehara-sounds-out-jr-tokai-over-shinkansen-link-for-haneda-airport |access-date=28 December 2009 }}{{dead link|date=May 2018 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref> The succeeding minister has not indicated whether this proposal remains supported. While the plan may become more feasible after the opening the Chūō Shinkansen (sometimes referred to as a bypass to the Tokaido Shinkansen) frees up capacity, construction is already underway for other rail improvements between Haneda and Tokyo station expected to be completed prior to the opening of the [[2020 Tokyo Olympics]], so any potential Shinkansen service would likely offer only marginal benefit. Despite these plans ultimately not being realized (owing in part due to the effects of the [[COVID-19 pandemic in Japan|COVID-19 pandemic]]), rail projects in the vicinity of Haneda Airport, including the [[Haneda Airport Access Line]] and the [[Tokyo Rinkai Subway Line]], continue to undergo planning.<ref>{{cite web |date=21 January 2021 |title=JR East's Haneda Airport Access Line to Open in FY 2029 |url=https://www.nippon.com/en/news/yjj2021012001065/ |access-date=4 January 2023 |archive-date=25 January 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210125172245/https://www.nippon.com/en/news/yjj2021012001065/ }}</ref>