Editing Shekhinah (section)

==In Islam==
===In the Quran===
''[[Sakina|Sakīnah]]'' ({{langx|ar|سكينة}}) signifies the "presence or peace of God". As "support and reassurance" it was "sent by God into the hearts" of Muslims and [[Muhammad]], according to [[John Esposito]].<ref name="Esposito">{{cite book|last1=Esposito|first1=John L.|title=The Oxford Dictionary of Islam|date=2004|publisher=Oxford University Press|isbn=9780199757268|page=274}} "'''Sakinah''' The presence or peace of God. As mentioned in the Quran (48:4) and elsewhere, it was sent by God into the hearts of believers and upon His messenger, Muhammad, as support and reassurance. Associated with piety and moments of divine inspiration, sakinah in Islamic mysticism signifies an interior spiritual illumination."</ref> A modern translator of the [[Quran]], [[N. J. Dawood]], states that "tranquility" is the English word for the Arabic meaning of ''sakīnah'', yet it could be "an echo of the Hebrew ''shekeenah'' (the Holy Presence)."<ref>''The Koran'' (Penguin 1956, 4th rev'd ed. 1976), translated by Dawood, p. 275, note 2 (quote).</ref> Another scholar states that the Arabic ''sakīnah'' derives from the Hebrew/Aramaic shekhinah.<ref name="Newby">{{cite book|last1=Newby|first1=Gordon |title=A Concise Encyclopedia of Islam|date=2013|publisher=Oneworld Publications|isbn=9781780744773|page=189}} "Arabic from Hebrew/
Aramaic: spirit of God" "In another sense, also in the Qur'ân, it refers to the spirit of God. This meaning is found in tafsı̂r and isrâ'ı̂liyyât literature, as, for example, when Ibrâhı̂m and Ismâ'ı̂l are looking for the place to build the Ka'bah, the sakı̂nah circles around the right spot, saying, “Build over me; build over me.” It is supposed to be like a wind, but with a face that can talk."</ref> In the Quran, the Sakīnah is mentioned six times, in [[surah]] ''al-Baqara'', ''at-Tawba'' and ''al-Fath''.<ref>{{qref|2|248|b=y}}, {{qref|9|26}}, {{qref|9|40}}, {{qref|48|4}}, {{qref|48|18}} and {{qref|48|26}}</ref>
{{quote|Their prophet further told them, “The sign of Saul’s kingship is that the Ark will come to you—containing reassurance from your Lord and relics of the family of Moses and the family of Aaron, which will be carried by the angels. Surely in this is a sign for you, if you ˹truly˺ believe.”.|{{qref|2|248|c=y}}}}

Sakīnah means "tranquility", "peace". "calm", from the Arabic root ''sakana'': "to be quiet", "to abate", "to dwell". In Islam, ''Sakīnah'' "designates a special peace, the "Peace of God". Although related to Hebrew ''shekhinah'', the spiritual state is not an "indwelling of the Divine Presence"<ref>{{cite book|last1=Glassé|first1=Cyril|title=The Concise Encyclopedia of Islam|url=https://archive.org/details/conciseencyclope0000unse_e6y1|url-access=registration|date=1989 |publisher=Harper & Row|isbn=9780060631239|page=[https://archive.org/details/conciseencyclope0000unse_e6y1/page/343 343]}}</ref>{{Request quotation|date=June 2016}} The ordinary Arabic use of the word's root is "the sense of abiding or dwelling in a place". A story in [[Tafsir]] and [[Isra'iliyyat]] literature relates how Ibrahim and Isma'il, when looking for the spot to build the [[Kaaba]] found sakīnah. Newby writes that it was like a breeze "with a face that could talk", saying "build over me."<ref name="Newby"/> "Associated with piety and moments of divine inspiration, ''sakinah'' in Islamic mysticism signifies an interior spiritual illumination."<ref name="Esposito"/>

===Comments regarding Sakina===
''Sakina'' in the Quran can refer to God's blessing of solace and succour upon both the Children of Israel and Muhammad.{{Request quotation|date=September 2016}} [[Al-Qurtubi]] mentions in his [[exegesis]], in explanation of the above-mentioned verse [2:248], that according to [[Wahb ibn Munabbih]], sakinah is a spirit from God that speaks, and, in the case of the [[Israelites]], where people disagreed on some issue, this spirit came to clarify the situation, and used to be a cause of victory for them in wars. According to [[Ali]], "Sakinah is a sweet breeze/wind, whose face is like the face of a human". Mujahid mentions that "when Sakinah glanced at an enemy, they were defeated", and ibn Atiyyah mentions about the [[Ark of the Covenant]] (''at-Tabut''), to which the sakina was associated, that souls found therein peace, warmth, companionship and strength.{{citation needed|date=November 2015}}