Editing Scat singing (section)

== References ==
=== Notes ===
{{notelist}}

=== Citations ===
{{Reflist}}

=== Bibliography ===
{{refbegin|30em}}
* {{cite book
 | last = Berliner
 | first = Paul
 | author-link = Paul Berliner (ethnomusicologist)
 | year = 1994
 | title = Thinking in Jazz: The Infinite Art of Improvisation
 | url = https://archive.org/details/thinkinginjazzin0000berl
 | url-access = registration
 | place = Chicago
 | publisher = [[University of Chicago Press]]
 | isbn = 978-0-226-04381-4
}}
* {{cite book
 | last1 = Crowther
 | first1 = Bruce
 | last2 = Pinfold
 | first2 = Mike
 | year = 1997
 | title = Singing Jazz
 | place = London
 | url = https://books.google.com/books?id=sCH8GbRK214C
 | publisher = [[Miller Freeman, Inc. | Miller Freeman]] Books
 | isbn = 0-87930-519-3
}}
* {{cite journal
 | last = Edwards
 | first = Brent Hayes
 | year = 2002
 | title = Louis Armstrong and the Syntax of Scat
 | periodical = [[Critical Inquiry]]
 | volume = 28
 | issue = 3
 | pages = 618–649
 | issn = 0093-1896
 | doi = 10.1086/343233
 | s2cid = 224798051
 }}. Brief [https://web.archive.org/web/20071223035158/http://criticalinquiry.uchicago.edu/issues/v28/v28n3.edwards.html excerpt] available online.
* {{cite book
 | last = Edwards
 | first = Paul
 | title = How to Rap: The Art & Science of the Hip-Hop MC
 | url = https://books.google.com/books?id=E4I5lCP-bHAC
 | year = 2009
 | publisher = [[Chicago Review Press]]
 | page = 114
 | isbn = 978-1-4481-3213-3
}}
* {{cite book
 | last = Friedwald
 | first = Will
 | author-link = Will Friedwald
 | title = Jazz Singing: America's Great Voices from Bessie Smith to Bebop and Beyond
 | year = 1990
 | publisher = [[Charles Scribner's Sons]]
 | place = New York
 | isbn = 0-684-18522-9
 | url-access = registration
 | url = https://archive.org/details/jazzsinging00will
}}
* {{cite book
 | last = Giddins
 | first = Gary
 | author-link = Gary Giddins
 | title = Rhythm-A-Ning: Jazz Tradition and Innovation
 | url = https://books.google.com/books?id=YRUbtAEACAAJ
 | year = 2000
 | publisher = [[Da Capo Press]]
 | place = [[Cambridge, Massachusetts]]
 | isbn = 0-306-80987-7
}}
* {{cite book
 | last = Gioia
 | first = Ted
 | author-link = Ted Gioia
 | chapter = The Jazz Age
 | title = The History of Jazz
 | url = https://archive.org/details/historyofjazz00gioia
 | url-access = registration
 | page = [https://archive.org/details/historyofjazz00gioia/page/59 59]
 | publisher = [[Oxford University Press]]
 | date = May 9, 2011
| isbn = 978-0-19-539970-7
 }}
* {{cite news
 | last = Godfrey
 | first = Sarah
 | title="How to Rap" and Grading Hip-hop's Professors
 | date = April 15, 2010
 | url = http://blog.washingtonpost.com/clicktrack/2010/04/how_to_rap_and_grading_hip-hop.html
 | newspaper = [[The Washington Post]]
 | access-date = March 10, 2020
 | url-status = dead
 | archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20120908041437/http://blog.washingtonpost.com/clicktrack/2010/04/how_to_rap_and_grading_hip-hop.html
 | archive-date = September 8, 2012
}}
* {{cite book
 | last = Grant
 | first = Barry Keith
 | contribution = Purple Passages or Fiestas in Blue? Notes Toward an Aesthetic of Vocalese
 | title = Representing Jazz
 | url = https://archive.org/details/representingjazz00krin
 | url-access = registration
 | editor-last = Gabbard
 | editor-first = Krin
 | year = 1995
 | publisher = [[Duke University Press]]
 | place = Durham, North Carolina
 | isbn = 978-0-8223-1594-0
}}
* {{cite book
 | last = Hendricks
 | first  = Jon
 | author-link = Jon Hendricks
 | chapter = The Vocal Jazz Group: A History
 | title = Such Sweet Thunder: Views on Black American Music
 | editor1-last = Baszak
 | editor1-first = Mark
 | editor2-last = Cohen
 | editor2-first = Edward
 | chapter-url = https://books.google.com/books?id=tTX8c1cRheQC&pg=PA66
 | publisher = [[University of Massachusetts Press]]
 | page = 66
 | year = 2003
 | isbn = 0972678506
}}
* {{cite book
 | last = Hentoff
 | first = Nat
 | author-link = Nat Hentoff
 | date = April 1, 2001
 | access-date = March 10, 2020
 | title = For the Love of Ivie 
 | url = https://jazztimes.com/columns/final-chorus/for-the-love-of-ivie/
 | url-status = dead
 | archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20190119121525/https://jazztimes.com/columns/final-chorus/for-the-love-of-ivie/
 | archive-date = January 19, 2019
}}
* {{cite book
 | last = Higgins
 | first = Dick
 | author-link = Dick Higgins
 | contribution = A Taxonomy of Sound Poetry
 | title = Precisely Complete
 | editor-last = Kostelanetz
 | editor-first = Richard
 | editor-link = Richard Kostelanetz
 | editor2-last = Scobie
 | editor2-first = Stephen
 | editor2-link = Stephen Scobie
 | url = http://www.ubu.com/papers/higgins_sound.html
 | year = 1985
 | publisher = Archae Editions
 | isbn = 0-932360-63-7
}}
* {{cite web
 | last = Hill
 | first = Michael
 | title = Library of Congress Narrative. Jelly Roll Morton and Alan Lomax
 | url = http://www.doctorjazz.co.uk/locspeech2.html
 | website = Monrovia Sound Studio
 | year = 2014
}}
* {{cite journal
 | last = Leonard
 | first = Neil
 | date = Spring–Summer 1986
 | title = The Jazzman's Verbal Usage
 | periodical = [[Black American Literature Forum]]
 | volume = 20
 | issue = 1/2
 | pages = 151–159
 | publisher = St. Louis University
 | issn = 0148-6179
 | doi = 10.2307/2904558
 | jstor = 2904558
}}
* {{cite book
 | last = Lawrence
 | first =  A. H.
 | title = Duke Ellington and His World
 | publisher = [[Routledge]]
 | location = New York
 | year = 2001
 | url = https://books.google.com/books?id=v6-SAgAAQBAJ&pg=PA136
 | isbn = 0-415-93012-X
 | page = 136
}}
* {{cite book
 | last = Nicholson
 | first = Stuart
 | title = Ella Fitzgerald: A Biography of the First Lady of Jazz
 | year = 1993
 | publisher = [[Da Capo Press]]
 | place = [[Cambridge, Massachusetts]]
 | isbn = 0-306-80642-8
 | url = https://archive.org/details/ellafitzgeraldbi00nich
 | url-access = registration
}}
* {{cite book 
 | last = Ó Nualláin 
 | first = Sean 
 | chapter = On Tonality in Irish Music 
 | editor1-last = McKevitt 
 | editor1-first = Paul 
 | editor2-last = Ó Nualláin 
 | editor2-first = Sean 
 | editor3-last = Mulvihill 
 | editor3-first = Conn 
 | title = Language, Vision and Music 
 | pages = 306–307 
 | publisher = John Benjamins Publishing 
 | url = https://books.google.com/books?id=XikUH566rh4C 
 | year = 2002 
 | isbn = 9027297096 
}}
* {{cite book
 | last = Pressing
 | first = Jeff
 | contribution = Improvisation: Methods and Models
 | title = Generative Processes in Music
 | editor-last = Sloboda
 | editor-first = John
 | editor-link = John Sloboda
 | year = 1988
 | publisher = [[Clarendon Press]]
 | place = Oxford
 | isbn = 978-0-19-850846-5
}}
* {{cite book
 | last = Robinson
 | first = J. Bradford
 | contribution = Scat Singing
 | title = [[Grove Dictionary of Music and Musicians|New Grove Dictionary of Music Online]]
 | editor-last = Macy
 | editor-first = L.
 | contribution-url = http://www.grovemusic.com/shared/views/article.html?from=az&section=music.24717
 | year = 2007
 | access-date = October 30, 2007
}}
* {{cite news
 | author=<!--Staff writer(s); no by-line.-->
 | title = Scatman Crothers Dies at 76
 | url = https://www.nytimes.com/1986/11/23/obituaries/scatman-crothers-dies-at-76-actor-got-start-in-speakeasies.html
 | date = November 23, 1986
 | work = [[The New York Times]]
 | location= [[New York City]]
 | access-date = March 17, 2020
 | ref = {{harvid|New York Times|1986}}
 | quote = An early master of the technique of improvising nonsense syllables to a jazz melody, Mr. Crothers said: 'I told him to call me Scatman because I do a lot of scat singing.'
}}
* {{cite book
 | last = Scott
 | first = Derek B.
 | title = Musical Style and Social Meaning
 | publisher = [[Routledge]]
 | page = 302
 | year = 2017
 | isbn = 978-1-351-55686-6
 | url = https://books.google.com/books?id=OCYxDwAAQBAJ&pg=PT302
}}
* {{cite journal
 | last = Stewart
 | first = Milton L.
 | year = 1987
 | title = Stylistic Environment and the Scat Singing Styles of Ella Fitzgerald and Sarah Vaughan
 | periodical = Jazzforschung/Jazz Research
 | volume = 19
 | pages = 61–76
 | issn = 0075-3572
}}
* {{cite book
 | last = Williams
 | first = Iain Cameron
 | title = Underneath A Harlem Moon: The Harlem to Paris Years of Adelaide Hall
 | publisher = Continuum
 | url = https://books.google.com/books?id=rkgIAQAAMAAJ
 | year = 2003
 | isbn = 0-8264-5893-9
}}
* {{cite news
 | last = Wilson
 | first = John S. 
 | title = Musical: 'Heebie Jeebies,' A Boswells Life In Song
 | work = [[The New York Times]]
 | url = https://www.nytimes.com/1981/06/19/theater/musical-heebie-jeebies-a-boswells-life-in-song.html
 | date = June 19, 1981
 | page = 4
}}

{{refend}}