Editing Salford (section)

==Demography==
{{Further|Demographics of Greater Manchester}}
{| class="wikitable" style="float: right; margin-left: 2em; width: 40%;" cellspacing="3"
|-
!colspan="4"|'''Salford compared'''
|-
|'''2001 UK census'''||'''Salford'''<ref name="2001_census">{{Citation |title=Census 2001 Key Statistics – Urban area results by population size of urban area |publisher= Office for National Statistics |url= http://www.ons.gov.uk/ons/publications/re-reference-tables.html?edition=tcm%3A77-211152 |date= 22 July 2004 |agency= Government of the United Kingdom |at=[http://www.ons.gov.uk/ons/rel/census/census-2001-key-statistics/urban-area-results-by-population-size-of-urban-area/urban-area-results-by-population-size-of-urban-area-ks06--ethnic-group.xls KS06 Ethnic group] {{XLSlink}} |access-date= 5 August 2008}}</ref>||'''City of Salford'''<ref name="Salford neighbourhood stats">{{Citation |title= Salford Metropolitan Borough key statistics |publisher=Government of the United Kingdom |url= http://neighbourhood.statistics.gov.uk/dissemination/LeadKeyFigures.do?a=3&b=276781&c=Salford&d=13&e=16&g=354179&i=1001x1003x1004&o=1&m=0&r=1&s=1198206645757&enc=1 }} Retrieved on 31 August 2008.</ref>||'''England'''
|-
|Total population||72,750||210,145||49,138,831
|-
|White||93.9%||96.1%||91%
|-
|Asian||1.9%||1.4%||4.6%
|-
|Black||1.2%||1.2%||2.3%
|}
As of the [[United Kingdom Census 2001|2001 UK census]], Salford had a population of&nbsp;72,750. The 2001 population density was 9,151&nbsp;per mi<sup>2</sup> (3,533&nbsp;per km<sup>2</sup>), with a 100&nbsp;to&nbsp;98.4 female-to-male ratio.<ref>{{Citation |title=Census 2001 Key Statistics – Urban area results by population size of urban area |agency=Office for National Statistics |url=http://www.ons.gov.uk/ons/publications/re-reference-tables.html?edition=tcm%3A77-211152 |date=22 July 2004|access-date=31 August 2008 |publisher=Government of the United Kingdom|at=[http://www.ons.gov.uk/ons/rel/census/census-2001-key-statistics/urban-area-results-by-population-size-of-urban-area/urban-area-results-by-population-size-of-urban-area-ks01-usual-resident-population.xls KS01 Usual resident population] {{XLSlink}}}}</ref> Of those over 16&nbsp;years age, 44.0%&nbsp;were single (never married) and 36.7%&nbsp;married.<ref>{{Citation |title=Census 2001 Key Statistics – Urban area results by population size of urban area |agency=Office for National Statistics |url=http://www.ons.gov.uk/ons/publications/re-reference-tables.html?edition=tcm%3A77-211152 |date=22 July 2004|access-date=31 August 2008 |publisher=Government of the United Kingdom|at=[http://www.ons.gov.uk/ons/rel/census/census-2001-key-statistics/urban-area-results-by-population-size-of-urban-area/urban-area-results-by-population-size-of-urban-area-ks04--marital-status.xls KS04 Marital status] {{XLSlink}}}}</ref> Salford's 32,576&nbsp;households included 44.1%&nbsp;one-person, 22.0%&nbsp;married couples living together, 7.6%&nbsp;were [[cohabitation|co-habiting]] couples, and 13.3%&nbsp;single parents with their children.<ref>{{Citation |title=Census 2001 Key Statistics – Urban area results by population size of urban area |agency=Office for National Statistics |url=http://www.ons.gov.uk/ons/publications/re-reference-tables.html?edition=tcm%3A77-211152|access-date=31 August 2008 |date=22 July 2004|publisher=Government of the United Kingdom|at=[http://www.ons.gov.uk/ons/rel/census/census-2001-key-statistics/urban-area-results-by-population-size-of-urban-area/urban-area-results-by-population-size-of-urban-area-ks20--household-composition.xls KS20 Household composition] {{XLSlink}}}}</ref> Of those aged&nbsp;16–74, 37.3%&nbsp;had no [[Education in England#Specialist qualifications|academic qualifications]], similar to that of&nbsp;35.5% in all of the City of Salford but significantly higher than&nbsp;28.9% in all of England.<ref name="Salford neighbourhood stats"/><ref name="Qualifications2001"/> 15.9%&nbsp;of Salford's residents aged&nbsp;16–74 had an educational qualification such as first degree, higher degree, qualified teacher status, qualified medical doctor, qualified dentist, qualified nurse, midwife, health visitor, etc. compared to 20%&nbsp;nationwide.<ref name="Salford neighbourhood stats"/><ref name="Qualifications2001">{{Citation |title=Census 2001 Key Statistics – Urban area results by population size of urban area |url=http://www.ons.gov.uk/ons/publications/re-reference-tables.html?edition=tcm%3A77-211152|date=22 July 2004 |access-date=5 August 2008 |publisher=Government of the United Kingdom|at=[http://www.ons.gov.uk/ons/rel/census/census-2001-key-statistics/urban-area-results-by-population-size-of-urban-area/urban-area-results-by-population-size-of-urban-area-ks13--qualifications-and-students.xls KS13 Qualifications and students] {{XLSlink}}}}</ref>

As a result of 19th-century industrialisation, Salford has had ''"a special place in the history of the British working class"''; together with Manchester it had the world's ''"first fully formed industrial working class"''.<ref name="Workers1">{{Harvnb|Davies|Fielding|1992|p=1}}</ref> Salford has not, in general, attracted the same minority ethnic and cosmopolitan communities as in other parts of Greater Manchester,<ref name="CooperP41" /> although it did attract significant numbers of Irish in the mid-19th century.<ref name="Workers11">{{Harvnb|Davies|Fielding|1992|p=11.}}</ref> Many migrated to Salford because of ''[[the Great Hunger]]'' in Ireland combined with Salford's reputation as a hub for employment in its factories and docks.<ref>{{Harvnb|Cooper|2005|p=39.}}</ref> In 1848, [[Salford Cathedral|Salford Roman Catholic Cathedral]] opened, reflecting the large Irish-born community in Salford at that time.<ref>{{Citation|title=Shriking Cities: Manchester/Liverpool II|url=http://shrinkingcities.com/fileadmin/shrink/downloads/pdfs/WP-II_Manchester_Liverpool.pdf|date=March 2004|access-date=4 March 2008|page=36|publisher=shrikingcities.com}}</ref>

In the decades following the Second World War, Salford experienced significant population decline, as residents followed employment opportunities to other locations in Greater Manchester, taking advantage of a greater choice in the type and location of housing.<ref name="Renewal"/>

{| class="wikitable" style="margin: 1em auto; border:0; text-align:center; line-height:120%;"
|-
!  Year
! 1901
! 1911
! 1921
! 1931
! 1939
! 1951
! 1961
! 1971
! 1981
! 1991
! 2001
|- style="text-align:center;"
!  Population
| 162,452
| 172,998
| 234,045
| 223,438
| 166,386
| 178,194
| 155,090
| 131,006
| 98,343
| 79,755
| 72,750
|-
| colspan="12" style="text-align:center;"|
County Borough 1901–1971<ref name="visionofbritain"/>{{•}}
Urban Subdivision 1981–2001<ref>{{Citation |title=1981 Key Statistics for Urban Areas GB Table 1 |publisher=Office for National Statistics |year=1981 }}</ref><ref>{{Citation|url=http://www.statistics.gov.uk/census2001/greater_manchester_urban_area.asp |title=Greater Manchester Urban Area 1991 Census |publisher=National Statistics |access-date=24 July 2008 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090205014453/http://www.statistics.gov.uk/census2001/greater_manchester_urban_area.asp |archive-date=5 February 2009 }}</ref><ref>{{Citation |url=http://www.ons.gov.uk/ons/publications/re-reference-tables.html?edition=tcm%3A77-211152 |title=Census 2001 Key Statistics – Urban area results by population size of urban area |agency=Office for National Statistics |access-date=24 July 2008 |date=22 July 2004|publisher=Government of the United Kingdom|at=[http://www.ons.gov.uk/ons/rel/census/census-2001-key-statistics/urban-area-results-by-population-size-of-urban-area/urban-area-results-by-population-size-of-urban-area-ks01-usual-resident-population.xls KS01 Usual resident population] {{XLSlink}}}}</ref>
|}

In 2011, Salford had a population of 103,886,<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.citypopulation.de/php/uk-england-northwestengland.php?cityid=E35000316|title=Salford (Greater Manchester, North West England, United Kingdom) – Population Statistics and Location in Maps and Charts|website=citypopulation.de|access-date=3 April 2016}}</ref> which is about the same size as [[Rochdale]]. The population increased from 72,750 in the previous census, mainly due to boundary changes. 
{| class="wikitable"
!Salford compared 2011
!Salford USD
!Salford Borough
|-
|White British
|77.3%
|84.4%
|-
|Asian
|5.5%
|4.1%
|-
|Black
|4.6%
|2.8%
|}

<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.ukcensusdata.com/salford-e08000006#sthash.YDxmboJy.dpbs |title=Salford - UK Census Data 2011 |access-date=3 April 2016 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160806115421/http://www.ukcensusdata.com/salford-e08000006 |archive-date=6 August 2016 |df=dmy }}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.nomisweb.co.uk/census/2011/ks201ew |title=KS201EW (Ethnic group) - Nomis - Official Labour Market Statistics |access-date=10 May 2016 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20161022095240/https://www.nomisweb.co.uk/census/2011/ks201ew |archive-date=22 October 2016 |df=dmy }}</ref>

In 2011, 22.7% of the population in the Salford USD (Urban Subdivision) were non-white British, compared with 15.6% for the surrounding borough. The USD had a slightly larger percentage of Asian and black people. Salford has become a lot more ethnically diverse since the previous census, mostly due to boundary changes, but also due to the relocation of many [[BBC]] departments from London between 2011 and 2012. This has created many jobs and encouraged migration to the area, which was previously very deprived since the loss of many traditional industries in the 20th century.

According to the 2001 UK census, the industry of employment of Salford's residents aged 16–74 was 18.0% retail and wholesale, 14.4% property and business services, 12.3% manufacturing, 11.7% health and social work, 8.6% education, 7.3% transport and communications, 6.8% hotels and restaurants, 5.8% construction, 4.4% finance, 4.2% public administration, 0.6% energy and water supply, 0.3% agriculture, 0.1% mining, and 5.7% other. Compared with national figures, Salford had a relatively low percentage of residents working in agriculture.<ref>{{Citation |title=Census 2001 Key Statistics – Urban area results by population size of urban area |agency=Office for National Statistics |url=http://www.ons.gov.uk/ons/publications/re-reference-tables.html?edition=tcm%3A77-211152 |date=22 July 2004 |access-date=8 June 2009 |publisher=Government of the United Kingdom|at=[http://www.ons.gov.uk/ons/rel/census/census-2001-key-statistics/urban-area-results-by-population-size-of-urban-area/urban-area-results-by-population-size-of-urban-area-ks11a--industry-of-employment---all-people.xls KS11a Industry of employment – all people] {{XLSlink}}}}</ref> The census recorded the economic activity of residents aged 16–74, 4.4% students were with jobs, 9.1% students without jobs, 6.3% looking after home or family, 11.2% permanently sick or disabled, and 4.8% economically inactive for other reasons.<ref name="Qualifications2001"/> The proportion of students economically active in Salford was higher than the City of Salford and England averages (3.0% and 2.6% respectively); the same is true for economically inactive students (5.1% in City of Salford and 4.7% in England). The rest of the figures were roughly inline with national trends.<ref name="Salford economic activity">{{Citation |title=Salford Local Authority key figures |publisher=Government of the United Kingdom |url=http://neighbourhood.statistics.gov.uk/dissemination/LeadKeyFigures.do;jsessionid=ac1f930c30d7001ecd8c4d554b939815feb9dcac174d?a=3&b=276781&c=Salford&d=13&e=16&g=354179&i=1001x1003x1004&o=1&m=0&r=1&s=1244477766844&enc=1&nsjs=true&nsck=true&nssvg=false&nswid=1259 |access-date=8 June 2009 }}</ref>