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=== Migration to other standards === ==== PAL ==== ; Europe * {{flag|Bulgaria}}<ref name="HegartyPhelan1998"/> (migrated in 1994β1996) * {{flag|Czechoslovakia}} (migrated in 1992β1994){{efn|As separate countries ([[Czech Republic]] and [[Slovakia]]) in 1993.}} * {{flag|East Germany}} (switchover on 31 December 1991 after [[German reunification]] in 1990){{Citation needed|date=May 2024}} * {{flag|Estonia}}<ref name="HegartyPhelan1998"/> (switchover ended in November 1999 with ETV and Kanal 2){{efn|TV3 went to PAL in 1998 and TV1 was in PAL from the beginning.}} * {{flag|Georgia}}<ref name="HegartyPhelan1998"/> (migrated in 2000s) * {{flag|Greece}}<ref name="HegartyPhelan1998"/> (migrated in 1992) * {{flag|Hungary}}<ref name="HegartyPhelan1998"/> (migrated in 1995β1996) * {{flag|Latvia}}<ref name="HegartyPhelan1998"/> (migrated in 1997β1999) * {{flag|Lithuania|1988}} (migrated in 2002) * {{flag|Poland}} (migrated in 1993β1995) * {{flag|Ukraine}} (migrated in 1992β1994, simulcast in SECAM until early 2010s)<ref name="HegartyPhelan1998"/>{{Failed verification|no mention of migration over to PAL|date=March 2023}} Czech Republic, Slovakia, Hungary and the Baltic countries also changed their underlying sound carrier standard on the UHF band from D/K to B/G which is used in most of Western Europe, to facilitate use of imported broadcast equipment, while leaving the D/K standard on VHF. This required viewers to purchase multistandard receivers though. The other countries mentioned kept their existing standards (B/G in the cases of East Germany and Greece, D/K for the rest).<ref>{{cite web |url=http://tech.ebu.ch/docs/i/i033.pdf |title=Changes to terrestrial television systems in Central and Eastern European countries |access-date=23 February 2010 |archive-date=17 July 2011 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110717135202/http://tech.ebu.ch/docs/i/i033.pdf |url-status=live}}</ref> ; Africa * {{flag|Egypt}}<ref name="HegartyPhelan1998"/> (For a few years before was simulcast){{efn|Ceased in 1992 in favour of [[PAL]]-B/G.}} ; Asia * {{flag|Afghanistan|1992}} (migrated in the 1990s)<ref name="HegartyPhelan1998">{{cite book |author1=Michael Hegarty |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=5YjHecPlPS8C&pg=PA260 |title=Classrooms for Distance Teaching and Learning: A Blueprint |author2=Anne Phelan |author3=Lisa Kilbride |date=1 January 1998 |publisher=Leuven University Press |isbn=978-90-6186-867-5 |pages=260β}}</ref> * {{flag|Armenia}} (migrated in late 1980s) * {{flag|Azerbaijan}}<ref name="HegartyPhelan1998"/> (migrated in 2001) * {{flag|Cambodia|1989}}<ref name="shop.sandbag.uk.com"/> (migrated in 1991β1992, from SECAM-M to PAL-B/G) * {{flag|Iran}}<ref name="shop.sandbag.uk.com"/> (reverted in 1998 to PAL-B/G) * {{flag|Laos}} (migrated in the 1990s from SECAM-M) * {{flag|North Korea}} (migrated in 1993)<ref name="HegartyPhelan1998"/> * {{flag|Saudi Arabia}} (simulcast in NTSC, SECAM and PAL—before switching to PAL entirely in the late 1990s or early 2000s){{Citation needed|date=December 2023}} * {{flag|Vietnam}} (brief simulcast in [[NTSC]]){{efn|Migrated in the 1990s, from SECAM-M to PAL-D/K.}} ==== DVB ==== {| class="wikitable sortable" ! Country ! Switched to ! Switchover completed |- | {{FRA}} | [[DVB-T]] | <span style="display:none">2011-11-29</span>29 November 2011 |- | {{GUF}} | DVB-T | <span style="display:none">2011-11-29</span>29 November 2011 |- | {{PYF}} | DVB-T | <span style="display:none">2011-11-29</span>29 November 2011 |- | {{GLP}} | DVB-T | <span style="display:none">2011-11-29</span>29 November 2011 |- | {{KGZ}} | [[DVB-T2]] | <span style="display:none">2015</span>2015 |- | {{MTQ}} | DVB-T | <span style="display:none">2011-11-29</span>29 November 2011 |- | {{MUS}} | DVB-T and DVB-T2 | <span style="display:none">2013</span>2013 |- | {{MYT}} | DVB-T | <span style="display:none">2011-11-29</span>29 November 2011 |- | {{MCO}} | DVB-T | <span style="display:none">2011-05-24</span>24 May 2011 |- | {{MAR}} | DVB-T | <span style="display:none">2015</span>2015 |- | {{NCL|size=43px}} | DVB-T | <span style="display:none">2011-11-29</span>29 November 2011 |- | {{REU}} | DVB-T | <span style="display:none">2011-11-29</span>29 November 2011 |- | {{BLM}} | DVB-T | <span style="display:none">2011-11-29</span>29 November 2011 |- | {{SPM}} | DVB-T | <span style="display:none">2011-11-29</span>29 November 2011 |- | {{TUN}} | DVB-T | <span style="display:none">2015</span>2015 |- | {{UZB}} | DVB-T and DVB-T2 | <span style="display:none">2015</span>2015 |- | {{WLF}} | DVB-T | <span style="display:none">2011-11-29</span>29 November 2011 |}
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