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===Left- and right-handedness=== [[File:Physalia physalis EM1B0679 (40827501481).jpg|thumb|Looking down from above a man o' war, showing its sail. Sails can be left-handed or right-handed.]] The Portuguese man o' war is asymmetrically shaped: the zooids hang down from either the right or left side of the midline of the pneumatophore or bladder. The pneumatophore can be oriented [[Chirality|towards the left or the right]]. This phenomenon may be an adaptation that prevents an entire population from being washed on shore to die. The "left-handed" animals sail to the right of the wind, while the "right-handed" animals sail to the left. The wind will always push the two types in opposite directions, so at most half the population will be pushed towards the coast.<ref name=Totton1956>Totton, A. and Mackie, G. (1960) "Studies on Physalia physalis", ''Discovery Reports'', '''30''': 301β40.</ref><ref name=Woodcock1944>Woodcock, A. H. (1944) "A theory of surface water motion deduced from the wind-induced motion of the Physalia", ''J. Marine Res.'', '''5''': 196β205.</ref> Regional populations can have substantial differences in float size and the number of tentacles used for hunting. The regional form previously known as ''P. utriculus'' has a bladder rarely exceeding {{convert|10|cm|sigfig=1}} in length and has one long hunting tentacle that is less than {{convert|3|m|sigfig=1}} long. In comparison, the typical man o' war has a float of around {{convert|15|to|30|cm|sigfig=2}}, and several hunting tentacles that can reach {{convert|30|m|sigfig=1}} in mature colonies when fully extended.<ref name=Munro2019/><ref name=Lee2021/> When combined with the trailing action of the tentacles, this left- or right-handedness makes the colony sail sideways relative to the wind, by about 45Β° in either direction.<ref name=Woodcock1956>{{cite journal|last=Woodcock|first=A.H.|title=Dimorphism in the Portuguese man-of-war|journal=Nature|volume=178|issue=4527|pages=253β255|year=1956|doi=10.1038/178253a0|bibcode=1956Natur.178..253W|s2cid=4297968|url=https://www.nature.com/articles/178253a0}}</ref><ref name=Iosilevskii2009/> Colony handedness has therefore been theorized to influence man o' war migration, with left-handed or right-handed colonies potentially being more likely to drift down particular respective sea routes.<ref name=Woodcock1956/> Handedness develops early in the colony's life, while it is still living below the surface of the sea.<ref name=Munro2019/>
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