Editing Politics of Nepal (section)

=== 2020: political crisis ===
{{Main article|2020-2021 split in Nepalese Communist Parties}}
Since the inception of [[Nepal Communist Party|NCP]], the struggle for power between the two leaders: [[KP Sharma Oli|Khadga Prasad Sharma Oli]] and [[Pushpa Kamal Dahal]] started. The internal crisis led to dissolution of parliament (both house of representative and lower house of parliament) by [[KP Sharma Oli|Khadga Prasad Oli]] twice within six months. It was approved by the president but [[Supreme Court of Nepal|Supreme court]] denied the legality of such decision by Oli. After the supreme court's historic decision, both the parliaments were reinstated.<ref>{{cite web|title=Observer Research Foundation|url=https://www.orfonline.org/expert-speak/decoding-tectonic-shifts-nepal-politics/|website=ORF}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news|title=Nepal's Supreme Court orders reinstatement of Parliament|work=Aljazeera|url=https://www.aljazeera.com/news/2021/2/23/nepal-supreme-court-parliament}}</ref>

After facing the vote for confidence in parliament, Oli lost the vote for confidence. As per the 72(6) of Constitution of Nepal, the opposition was given the opportunity to form a new government by President [[Bidya Devi Bhandari]]. The opposition and they could not construct the new government as they lacked support of one faction from [[People's Socialist Party, Nepal (2020)|Janata Samajbadi Party]]. As a result, the party got divide and [[Loktantrik Samajwadi Party, Nepal]] was formed after nearly a month.<ref>{{Cite news|title=Nepal Prime Minister Oli loses vote of confidence in Parliament|work=The Kathmandu Post|url=https://kathmandupost.com/politics/2021/05/11/nepal-prime-minister-oli-loses-vote-of-confidence-in-parliament}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news|title=PM Oli loses confidence vote|work=The Himalayan Times|url=https://thehimalayantimes.com/kathmandu/pm-olis-floor-test-ends-winsloses-vote-of-confidence}}</ref>

As a result, Khadga Prasad Oli was sworn in again as the prime minister of Nepal.<ref>{{Cite news|title=KP Oli sworn in as Nepal's PM days after losing vote of confidence in Parliament; retains Cabinet|work=First Post|url=https://www.firstpost.com/world/kp-oli-sworn-in-as-nepals-pm-days-after-losing-vote-of-confidence-in-parliament-retains-cabinet-9622441.html}}</ref> He dissolved the parliament on 22 May 2021 for second time rather than taking vote of confidence. This time as well, it was approved by president unanimously against the signatures submitted claiming majority to [[Nepali Congress|NC]].<ref>{{cite web|title=Nepal's parliament dissolved, president calls for fresh elections|date=2021-05-22|url=https://www.dw.com/en/nepals-parliament-dissolved-president-calls-for-fresh-elections/a-57628429|access-date=2021-06-23|website=Deutsche Welle|language=en-GB}}</ref> Still, 146 of the total 275 sitting members of [[House of Representatives (Nepal)|HOR]] filed a case in supreme court against the decision and approval of president. Previously, they had submitted majority signatures to president asking to appoint [[Sher Bahadur Deuba]] as the next prime minister of Nepal.

On 4 June 2021, a major cabinet re-shuffle took place when so called Madhesbani leader Rajendra Mahato led faction of [[People's Socialist Party, Nepal (2020)|PSP-N]] joined the government with eight cabinet ministers and two state ministers while other five from [[Communist Party of Nepal (Unified Marxist–Leninist)|CPN (UML)]]. Bishnu Prasad Paudel, Raghubir Mahasheth and Rajendra Mahato were made Deputy Prime-minister.<ref>{{cite web|title=Nepal: New ministers to be sworn in today as PM Oli will reshuffle cabinet|url=https://www.aninews.in/news/world/asia/nepal-new-ministers-to-be-sworn-in-today-as-pm-oli-will-reshuffle-cabinet20210604194642/|access-date=2021-06-23|website=ANI News|language=en}}</ref> While the previous expansion was yet to be clarified by the Supreme Court, Oli made yet another re-shuffle and included seven ministers from UML and one from PSP-N.<ref>{{cite web|title=While he has yet to clarify his June 4 Cabinet expansion, Oli does it again|url=https://kathmandupost.com/politics/2021/06/11/while-he-has-yet-to-clarify-his-june-4-cabinet-expansion-oli-does-it-again|access-date=2021-06-23|website=kathmandupost.com|language=English}}</ref> On 22 June, Supreme Court delivered a fresh blow to embattled Prime Minister KP Sharma Oli 20 removing recently appointed ministers. It revealed a care-taker prime-minister cannot make such change as per article 77(3) of Constitution of Nepal.<ref>{{cite web|title=मन्त्रिपरिषद् विस्तारविरुद्ध सर्वोच्चको अन्तरिम आदेश : २० मन्त्री जिम्मेवारीमुक्त (आदेशको पूर्णपाठ)|url=http://annapurnapost.com/news/181802|access-date=2021-06-23|website=मन्त्रिपरिषद् विस्तारविरुद्ध सर्वोच्चको अन्तरिम आदेश : २० मन्त्री जिम्मेवारीमुक्त (आदेशको पूर्णपाठ)|language=en}}</ref> &nbsp;By the end, only five ministers are present in Council of ministers including sitting PM Oli while deputy prime minister post of Bishnu Prasad Paudel was removed.<ref>{{cite web|title=Cabinet has only five members, while Bishnu Poudel is only Minister|url=https://english.nepalpage.com/2021/06/cabinet-has-only-five-members-while-bishnu-poudel-is-still-the-deputy-prime-minister/|access-date=2021-06-23|website=Nepal Page English|date=22 June 2021|language=en}}</ref>