Editing Panentheism (section)

=== Sikhism ===
[[File:Prayerbook1828.jpg|thumb|[[Guru Nanak]] talking to Hindu [[sadhu]]s (holy men)]]
Many newer, contemporary [[Sikhism|Sikhs]] have suggested that human souls and the [[Monotheism|monotheistic]] [[Waheguru|God]] are two different realities ([[Dualism (Indian philosophy)|dualism]]),<ref>{{cite book |author=Nirmal Kumar |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=xh69K5Ilm3EC |title=Sikh Philosophy and Religion: 11th Guru Nanak Memorial Lectures |publisher=Sterling Publishers |year=2006 |isbn=978-1-932705-68-3 |pages=89–92}}</ref> distinguishing it from the [[Monism|monistic]] and various shades of nondualistic philosophies of other Indian religions.<ref>{{cite book |author=Arvind-pal Singh Mandair |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=dzeCy_zL0Q8C |title=Religion and the Specter of the West: Sikhism, India, Postcoloniality, and the Politics of Translation |publisher=Columbia University Press |year=2013 |isbn=978-0-231-51980-9 |pages=76, 430–432}}</ref> However, Sikh scholars have explored [[Nonduality (spirituality)|nondualist]] exegesis of Sikh scriptures, such as [[Vir Singh (writer)|Bhai Vir Singh]]. According to Mandair, Vir Singh interprets the Sikh scriptures as teaching nonduality.<ref name="The Politics of Nonduality: Reasses">{{cite journal |last1=Mandair |first1=Arvind |year=2005 |title=The Politics of Nonduality: Reassessing the Work of Transcendence in Modern Sikh Theology |journal=Journal of the American Academy of Religion |volume=74 |issue=3 |pages=646–673 |doi=10.1093/jaarel/lfj002 |s2cid=154558545}}</ref> The renowned Sikh Scholar, [[Bhai Mani Singh]], is quoted to saying that Sikhism has all the essence of [[Vedanta]] Philosophy.<ref name="Singh, Nirbhai 1990">Singh, Nirbhai. ''Philosophy of Sikhism: Reality and its manifestations''. Atlantic Publishers & Distri, 1990.</ref> Historically, the Sikh symbol of [[Ik Onkar|Ik Oankaar]] has had a monist meaning and has been reduced to simply meaning, "There is but One God", which is incorrect.<ref name=":1">Chahal, Devinder Singh. "UNDERSTANDING OF THE FIRST STANZA OF OANKAR (ਓਅੰਕਾਰੁ) BANI."</ref> Older exegesis of Sikh scripture, such as the Faridkot Teeka and Garab Ganjani Teeka, has always described Sikh Metaphysics as a non-dual, panentheistic universe.<ref name=":1" /> For this reason, Sikh Metaphysics has often been compared to the Non-Dual Vedanta metaphysics.<ref name="Singh, Nirbhai 1990"/> The Sikh Poet, [[Bhai Nand Lal]], often used Sufi terms to describe Sikh philosophy, talking about [[Sufi metaphysics|wahdat ul-wujud]] in his Persian poetry.<ref>{{Cite book |author=Nanda Lāla |url=http://worldcat.org/oclc/190842786 |title=Kalaam-e-Goya |date=2003 |publisher=Institute of Sikh Studies |oclc=190842786}}</ref>