Editing Norway (section)

=== Climate ===
[[File:Koppen-Geiger Map v2 NOR 1991–2020.svg|thumb|[[Köppen climate classification]] types of Norway 1991–2020 (0C/32F isotherm for coldest month dividing C and D climates).|alt=]]
[[File:Precipitation normal Norway.jpg|thumb|Map of Norway showing the normal precipitation (annual average). Period 1961–1990.]]
Because of the [[Gulf Stream]] and prevailing westerlies, Norway experiences higher temperatures and more precipitation than expected at such northern latitudes, especially along the coast. The mainland experiences four distinct seasons, with colder winters and less precipitation inland. The northernmost part has a mostly maritime [[Subarctic climate]], while Svalbard has an [[Arctic]] [[tundra]] climate. The southern and western parts of Norway, fully exposed to Atlantic storm fronts, experience more precipitation and have milder winters than the eastern and far northern parts. Areas to the east of the coastal mountains are in a [[rain shadow]], and have lower rain and snow totals than the west. The lowlands around Oslo have the warmest summers, but also cold weather and snow in wintertime. The sunniest weather is along the south coast, but sometimes even the coast far north can be very sunny – the sunniest month with 430 sun hours was recorded in Tromsø.<ref name=Norwegian-Meteorological-Institute>{{cite web|url=https://met.no/English/Climate_in_Norway/|title=Climate in Norway(English)|last=Met.no|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170320232734/https://met.no/English/Climate_in_Norway/|archive-date=20 March 2017|access-date=20 March 2017}}</ref><ref name=Book-Climate>{{cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=az3qCAAAQBAJ&q=koppen+climate+norway&pg=PA5|title=Selected climatic data for a global set of standard stations for vegetation|isbn=978-9400980402|date=6 December 2012|last1=Muller|first1=M. J.|publisher=Springer }}</ref>

Because of Norway's high [[latitude]], there are large seasonal variations in daylight. From late May to late July, the sun never completely descends beneath the horizon in areas north of the [[Arctic Circle]], and the rest of the country experiences up to 20 hours of daylight per day. Conversely, from late November to late January, the sun never rises above the horizon in the north, and daylight hours are very short in the rest of the country.

Temperature anomalies found in coastal locations are exceptional, with southern Lofoten and [[Bø Municipality (Nordland)|Bø Municipality]] having all monthly means above freezing in spite of being north of the Arctic Circle. The very northernmost coast of Norway would be ice-covered in winter if not for the Gulf Stream.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://ocp.ldeo.columbia.edu/res/div/ocp/gs/|title=The Gulf Stream Myth|website=ocp.ldeo.columbia.edu|access-date=30 November 2016|archive-date=30 December 2016|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20161230021448/http://ocp.ldeo.columbia.edu/res/div/ocp/gs/|url-status=live}}</ref> The east of the country has a more continental climate, and the mountain ranges have subarctic and tundra climates. There is also higher rainfall in areas exposed to the Atlantic, especially the western slopes of the mountain ranges and areas close, such as Bergen. The valleys east of the mountain ranges are the driest; some of the valleys are sheltered by mountains in most directions. [[Saltdal Municipality]] in Nordland is the driest place with {{convert|211|mm|abbr=off}} precipitation annually (1991–2020). In southern Norway, [[Skjåk Municipality]] in Innlandet county gets {{convert|295|mm|abbr=off}} precipitation. [[Finnmarksvidda]] and some interior valleys of [[Troms]] county receive around {{convert|400|mm|abbr=off}} annually, and the high Arctic [[Longyearbyen]] {{convert|217|mm|abbr=off}}.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.yr.no/artikkel/norske-steder-blant-de-torreste-i-europa-1.13096592|title=Norske steder blant de tørreste i Europa (Places in Norway among the driest in Europe)|last=NRK|date=21 August 2016|publisher=[[NRK]]|access-date=26 August 2016|archive-date=26 August 2016|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160826010025/http://www.yr.no/artikkel/norske-steder-blant-de-torreste-i-europa-1.13096592|url-status=live}}</ref>

Parts of southeastern Norway including parts of [[Mjøsa]] have a [[humid continental climate]] ([[Köppen climate classification|Köppen]] Dfb), the southern and western coasts and also the coast north to Bodø have an [[oceanic climate]] (Cfb), and the outer coast further north almost to North Cape has a subpolar oceanic climate (Cfc). Further inland in the south and at higher altitudes, and also in much of Northern Norway, the [[subarctic climate]] (Dfc) dominates. A small strip of land along the coast east of North Cape (including Vardø) earlier had [[Polar climate|tundra/alpine/polar climate]] (ET), but this is mostly gone with the updated 1991–2020 climate normals, making this also subarctic. Large parts of Norway are covered by mountains and high altitude plateaus, and about one third of the land is above the treeline and thus exhibit [[Tundra climate|tundra/alpine/polar climate]] (ET).<ref name="Norwegian-Meteorological-Institute"/><ref>{{cite web|url=https://en.climate-data.org/country/38/|title=Climate of Norway: Temperature, Climate graph, Climate table for Norway|publisher=Climate-Data.org|access-date=20 March 2017|archive-date=21 March 2017|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170321081459/https://en.climate-data.org/country/38/|url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{cite journal|title=Updated world map of the Koppen-Geiger climate classification|last=A study behind the updated maps of Köppen-Geiger climate classification|journal=Hydrology and Earth System Sciences|year=2007|volume=11|issue=5|pages=1633–1644|doi=10.5194/HESS-11-1633-2007|bibcode=2007HESS...11.1633P|s2cid=9654551|doi-access=free| issn=1027-5606 }}</ref><ref name="Book-Climate"/><ref>{{cite journal|url=https://koeppen-geiger.vu-wien.ac.at/present.htm|title=World map of Köppen-Geiger climate classification updated|journal=Meteorologische Zeitschrift|volume=15|issue=3|pages=259–263|last=Website with maps|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170405164155/http://koeppen-geiger.vu-wien.ac.at/present.htm|archive-date=5 April 2017|bibcode=2006MetZe..15..259K|year=2006|doi=10.1127/0941-2948/2006/0130}}</ref>