Editing Mood disorder (section)

==Epidemiology==

According to a substantial number of epidemiology studies conducted, women are twice as likely to develop certain mood disorders, such as major depression.  Although there is an equal number of men and women diagnosed with bipolar II disorder, women have a slightly higher frequency of the disorder.<ref>Bauer, M., Pfenning, A. (2005). Epidemiology of Bipolar Disorders. Epilepsia, 46(s4), 8–13.</ref>

In 2011, mood disorders were the most common reason for hospitalization among children aged 1–17 years in the United States, with approximately 112,000 stays.<ref>{{cite journal |vauthors=Pfuntner A, Wier LM, Stocks C |title=Most Frequent Conditions in U.S. Hospitals, 2011 |work=HCUP Statistical Brief |issue=162 |date=September 2013 |publisher=Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality |place=Rockville, MD. |url=http://www.hcup-us.ahrq.gov/reports/statbriefs/sb162.jsp |access-date=9 February 2016 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160304032807/http://www.hcup-us.ahrq.gov/reports/statbriefs/sb162.jsp |archive-date=4 March 2016}}</ref> Mood disorders were top principal diagnosis for Medicaid super-utilizers in the United States in 2012.<ref>{{cite journal |vauthors=Jiang HJ, Barrett ML, Sheng M |title=Characteristics of Hospital Stays for Nonelderly Medicaid Super-Utilizers, 2012 |journal=HCUP Statistical Brief |issue=184 |publisher=Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality |location=Rockville, MD |date=November 2014 |pmid=25590126 |url=https://www.hcup-us.ahrq.gov/reports/statbriefs/sb184-Hospital-Stays-Medicaid-Super-Utilizers-2012.jsp |access-date=6 April 2015 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150411224657/https://www.hcup-us.ahrq.gov/reports/statbriefs/sb184-Hospital-Stays-Medicaid-Super-Utilizers-2012.jsp |archive-date=11 April 2015}}</ref> Further, a study of 18 states found that mood disorders accounted for the highest number of hospital readmissions among Medicaid patients and the uninsured, with 41,600 Medicaid patients and 12,200 uninsured patients being readmitted within 30 days of their index stay—a readmission rate of 19.8 per 100 admissions and 12.7 per 100 admissions, respectively.<ref>{{cite journal |vauthors=Hines AL, Barrett ML, Jiang HJ, Steiner CA |title=Conditions With the Largest Number of Adult Hospital Readmissions by Payer, 2011 |journal=HCUP Statistical Brief |issue=172 |publisher=Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality |location=Rockville, MD |date=April 2014 |pmid=24901179 |url=http://hcup-us.ahrq.gov/reports/statbriefs/sb172-Conditions-Readmissions-Payer.jsp |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160304052719/http://hcup-us.ahrq.gov/reports/statbriefs/sb172-Conditions-Readmissions-Payer.jsp |archive-date=4 March 2016}}</ref> In 2012, mood and other behavioral health disorders were the most common diagnoses for Medicaid-covered and uninsured hospital stays in the United States (6.1% of Medicaid stays and 5.2% of uninsured stays).<ref>{{cite journal |vauthors=Lopez-Gonzalez L, Pickens GT, Washington R, Weiss AJ |title=Characteristics of Medicaid and Uninsured Hospitalizations, 2012 |journal=HCUP Statistical Brief |issue=183 |publisher=Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality |location=Rockville, MD |date=October 2014 |pmid=25535644 |url=https://www.hcup-us.ahrq.gov/reports/statbriefs/sb182-Medicaid-Uninsured-Hospitalizations-2012.jsp |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141129104408/https://www.hcup-us.ahrq.gov/reports/statbriefs/sb182-Medicaid-Uninsured-Hospitalizations-2012.jsp |archive-date=29 November 2014}}</ref>

A study conducted in 1988 to 1994 amongst young American adults involved a selection of demographic and health characteristics. A population-based sample of 8,602 men and women ages 17–39 years participated. Lifetime prevalence were estimated based on six mood measures:
* major depressive episode (MDE) 8.6%,
* major depressive disorder with severity (MDE-s) 7.7%,
* dysthymia 6.2%,
* MDE-s with dysthymia 3.4%,
* any bipolar disorder 1.6%, and
* any mood disorder 11.5%.<ref name=":17">Nesse, Randolphe M.; Williams, George C. (1994). ''Why We Get Sick: The New Science of Darwinian Medicine''. Vintage Books. {{ISBN|0-8129-2224-7}}</ref>