Editing Miami Beach, Florida (section)

==Arts and culture ==
[[File:St. Patrick Catholic Church (Miami Beach, Florida) 1.jpg|thumb|St. Patrick Catholic Church, Miami Beach]] 
[[File:Peter Miller Hotel 1973 Miami Beach.jpg|thumb|Hotel at 19th and [[Collins Avenue|Collins]] in 1973]] 
[[South Beach]] (also known as SoBe, or simply the Beach), the area from Biscayne Street (also known as South Pointe Drive) one block south of 1st Street to about 23rd Street, is one of the more popular areas of Miami Beach. Although [[toplessness|topless]] sunbathing by women has not been officially legalized, female toplessness is tolerated on South Beach and in a few hotel pools on Miami Beach.<ref>{{cite news |last=O'Neill |first=Natalie |title=Topless Protesters on South Beach |url=http://www.miaminewtimes.com/2008-09-04/news/topless-protesters-on-south-beach/|access-date=January 26, 2012 |newspaper=Miami New Times |date=September 4, 2008|archive-date=January 18, 2012|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120118182657/http://www.miaminewtimes.com/2008-09-04/news/topless-protesters-on-south-beach/|url-status=dead}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |last=Muench-Pace |first=Dawn |title=Topless and Nude Beaches in Miami |url=http://gomiami.about.com/od/naturebeachesparks/a/ToplessBeaches.htm |publisher=About.com|access-date=September 20, 2017|archive-date=March 26, 2017|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170326014403/http://gomiami.about.com/od/naturebeachesparks/a/ToplessBeaches.htm|url-status=dead}}</ref>  Before the TV show ''[[Miami Vice]]'' helped make the area popular, SoBe was under [[urban blight]], with vacant buildings and a high [[crime rate]]. Today, it is considered one of the richest commercial areas on the beach, yet poverty and crime still remain in some places near the area.<ref name="MSNBC">{{cite web |url=https://www.nbcnews.com/id/wbna14026631 |title=South Beach: Life imitates art, quite vicely |publisher=NBC News |date=July 25, 2006 |access-date=June 30, 2013 |archive-date=May 17, 2014 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140517175633/http://www.nbcnews.com/id/14026631/ |url-status=live }}</ref>

Miami Beach, particularly [[Ocean Drive (South Beach)|Ocean Drive]] of what is now the Art Deco District, was also featured prominently in the 1983 feature film ''[[Scarface (1983 film)|Scarface]]'' and the 1996 comedy ''[[The Birdcage]]''.

[[Lincoln Road]], running east–west parallel between 16th and 17th Streets, is a nationally known spot for outdoor dining and shopping and features galleries of well known designers, artists and photographers such as [[Romero Britto]], [[Peter Lik]], and [[Jonathan Adler]].{{Citation needed|date=July 2007}}  In 2015, the Miami Beach residents passed a law forbidding bicycling, rollerblading, skateboarding and other motorized vehicles on Lincoln Road during busy pedestrian hours between 9:00 am and 2:00 am.<ref>{{Cite web |url=http://southbeachherald.blogspot.com/2015/08/illegal-rollerblading-popular-on-south.html |title=Illegal Rollerblading Popular on South Beach Lincoln Road |access-date=November 25, 2018 |archive-date=November 25, 2018 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20181125204517/http://southbeachherald.blogspot.com/2015/08/illegal-rollerblading-popular-on-south.html |url-status=live }}</ref>

===Points of interest===
[[File:Miami Beach FL Fillmore Theater01.jpg|thumb|The Fillmore, April 2011]]
[[File:Miami Beach FL Fontainebleau01.jpg|thumb|[[Fontainebleau Miami Beach]], April 2011]]
*[[Bass Museum]]
*[[Eden Roc Miami Beach Hotel]]
*[[Miami Beach Convention Center#Fillmore Miami Beach|The Fillmore Miami Beach (originally the Miami Beach Municipal Auditorium)]]
*[[Flagler Monument Island]]
*[[Fontainebleau Miami Beach|Fontainebleau Hotel]]
*[[Casa Casuarina|Versace Mansion (Casa Casuarina)]]
*[[Holocaust Memorial on Miami Beach|Holocaust Memorial]]
*[[Jewish Museum of Florida]]
*[[Lincoln Road]]
*[[Miami Beach Architectural District]]
*[[Miami Beach Botanical Garden]]
*[[North Beach (Miami Beach)|North Beach]]
*[[Ocean Drive (South Beach)|Ocean Drive]]
*[[South Beach]]
*[[South Pointe Park]]
*[[Wolfsonian-FIU Museum]]
*[[World Erotic Art Museum Miami]]
*[[The Setai Miami Beach|The Setai Hotel]]

=== Historic preservation ===
[[File:City of Miami Beach, Florida - Historic Districts and Sites as of January 17, 2018 (cropped).jpg |thumb|upright|Map of Miami Beach historic districts as of January 17, 2018.]]
By the 1970s, jet travel had enabled vacationers from the northern parts of the US to travel to the Caribbean and other warm-weather climates in the winter. Miami Beach's economy suffered. Elderly retirees, many with little money, dominated the population of South Beach.<ref name=":1">{{Cite news |title=A Martyr's Passion Helped Save Modern Deco Treasurers |last=Tasker |first=Fred |date=1999-07-11 |work=The Miami Herald |page=91}}</ref>

To help revive the area, city planners and developers sought to bulldoze many of the aging [[Art Deco in the United States|art deco]] buildings that were built in the 1930s. By one count, the city had over 800 art deco buildings within its borders.<ref name=":1" />

In 1976, [[Barbara Baer Capitman]] and a group of fellow activists formed the Miami Design Preservation League (MDPL) to try to halt the destruction of the historic buildings in South Beach.<ref name=":1" /> After battling local developers and Washington DC bureaucrats, MDPL prevailed in its quest to have the Miami Beach Art Deco District named to the [[National Register of Historic Places]] in 1979. While the recognition did not offer protection for the buildings from demolition, it succeeded in drawing attention to the plight of the buildings.<ref>{{Cite news |title=Art Deco District Pays The Price of Success |last=Lorente |first=Rafael |date=1994-05-12 |work=The Miami Herald |page=1–Neighbors Miami Beach}}</ref>

Due in part to the newfound awareness of the art deco buildings, vacationers, tourists and TV, and movie crews were drawn to South Beach. Investors began to rehabilitate hotels, restaurants and apartment buildings in the area.<ref>{{Cite news |title=South Beach's Art Deco district celebrates 30 years since its rebirth |last=Viglucci |first=Andres |date=2009-05-15 |work=The Miami Herald |page=A1}}</ref>

Despite the enthusiasm for the historic buildings by many, there were no real protections for historic buildings. As wrecking crews threatened buildings, MDPL members protested by holding marches and candlelight vigils. In one case, protestors stood in front of a hotel blocking bulldozers as they approached a hotel.<ref>{{Cite news |title='First Lady of Art Deco" Barbara Capitman Dies |last=Dunlop |first=Beth |date=1990-03-30 |work=The Miami Herald |page=1A}}</ref>

[[File:Ocean drive day 2009j.JPG|thumb|Many [[Art Deco]] style hotels are located on [[Ocean Drive (South Beach)|Ocean Drive]]]]
After many years of effort, the Miami Beach city commission created the first two historic preservation districts in 1986. The districts covered Espanola Way and most of [[Ocean Drive (South Beach)|Ocean Drive]] and [[Collins Avenue]] in South Beach. The designation of the districts helped protect buildings from demolition and created standards for renovation.<ref>{{Cite news |title=Beach OKs Deco Historic Districts |last=Wellisz |first=Christopher |date=1986-07-10 |work=The Miami Herald |page=2D}}</ref>

While some developers continued to focus on demolition, several investors like [[Tony Goldman]] and [[Ian Schrager]] bought art deco hotels and transformed them into world famous hot spots in the ‘80s and ‘90s. Among the celebrities that frequented Miami Beach were [[Madonna]], [[Sylvester Stallone]], [[Cher]], [[Oprah Winfrey]] and [[Gianni Versace]].<ref>{{Cite news |title=In two decades, Miami Beach's southernmost square mile has become a big draw with art, cuisine, architecture and nightlife. |last=Martin |first=Lydia |date=2007-07-15 |work=The Miami Herald |page=A1}}</ref>

Additional historic districts were created in 1992. The new districts covered Lincoln Road, Collins Avenue between 16th and 22nd Streets and the area around the [[Bass Museum]].<ref>{{Cite news |title=Beach Set To OK Expansion of Art Deco District |last=Kidwell |first=David |date=1992-10-21 |work=The Miami Herald |page=1B}}</ref> In 2005, the city began the process of protecting the mid-century buildings on Collins Avenue between 43rd to 53rd Streets including the [[Fontainebleau Miami Beach|Fontainebleau]] and [[Eden Roc Miami Beach Hotel|Eden Roc]] Hotels.<ref>{{Cite news |title=Board Votes For Historic District |last=Woods |first=Casey |date=2005-05-15 |work=The Miami Herald |page=3MB}}</ref> Several North Beach neighborhoods were designated as historic in 2018. A large collection of [[Miami Modern architecture|MiMo]] (Miami Modern) buildings can be found in the area.<ref>{{Cite news |url=https://www.miamiherald.com/news/local/community/miami-dade/miami-beach/article195249359.html |title=Miami Beach wants to recreate Art Deco's magic with Miami Modern in North Beach |last=Flechas |first=Joey |date=2018-01-17 |work=The Miami Herald |access-date=2018-10-23 |archive-date=October 23, 2018 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20181023202735/https://www.miamiherald.com/news/local/community/miami-dade/miami-beach/article195249359.html |url-status=live }}</ref>

===The arts===

[[Jackie Gleason]] hosted his ''Jackie Gleason and His American Scene Magazine'' (September 29, 1962 – June 4, 1966) television show, after moving it from New York to [[Miami Beach]] in 1964, reportedly because he liked year-round access to the golf course at the nearby [[Inverrary Country Club]] in [[Lauderhill, Florida|Lauderhill]] (where he built his final home). His closing line became, almost invariably, "As always, the Miami Beach audience is the greatest audience in the world!" In the Fall 1966 television season, he abandoned the American Scene Magazine format and converted the show into a standard variety hour with guest performers. The show was renamed ''The Jackie Gleason Show'', lasting from September 17, 1966 – September 12, 1970. He started the 1966–1967 season with new, color episodes of ''[[The Honeymooners]]'', with [[Sheila MacRae]] and [[Jane Kean]] as Alice Kramden and Trixie Norton, respectively. The regular cast included [[Art Carney]] as Ed Norton; [[Milton Berle]] was a frequent guest star. The show was shot in color on videotape at the [[Miami Beach Convention Center|Miami Beach Auditorium]] (later renamed the Jackie Gleason Theatre of the Performing Arts), now known as [[Miami Beach Convention Center#Fillmore Miami Beach|Fillmore Miami Beach]], and Gleason never tired of promoting the "sun and fun capital of the world" on camera. [[CBS]] canceled the series in 1970.

Each December, the City of Miami Beach hosts [[Art Basel Miami Beach]], one of the largest art shows in the United States. Art Basel Miami Beach, the sister event to the [[Art Basel]] event held each June in Basel, Switzerland, combines an international selection of top galleries with a program of special exhibitions, parties and crossover events featuring music, film, architecture, and design. Exhibition sites are located in the city's Art Deco District, and ancillary events are scattered throughout the greater Miami metropolitan area.

The first Art Basel Miami Beach was held in 2002.<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://www.artspace.com/magazine/art_101/art_market/a-brief-history-of-art-basel-52350 |title=A Brief History of Art Basel, the World's Premier Contemporary Fair |last=Bodick |first=Noelle |date=2014-06-17 |website=Artspace |language=en |access-date=2018-09-23 |archive-date=May 16, 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220516122329/https://www.artspace.com/magazine/art_101/art_market/a-brief-history-of-art-basel-52350 |url-status=live }}</ref> In 2016, about 77,000 people attended the fair.<ref>{{Cite news |url=https://www.miamiherald.com/entertainment/visual-arts/art-basel/article188441249.html |title=Is Art Basel bigger and better than ever? The early reviews are in |last=Viglucci |first=Andres |date=2017-12-06 |work=Miami Herald |access-date=2018-09-23 |language=en |archive-date=September 23, 2018 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180923200811/https://www.miamiherald.com/entertainment/visual-arts/art-basel/article188441249.html |url-status=live }}</ref> The 2017 show featured about 250 galleries at the Miami Beach Convention Center.<ref>{{Cite news |url=https://www.nytimes.com/2017/12/07/arts/design/art-basel-miami-beach-review.html |title=Art Basel Miami Beach, Post-Irma, Is Still Swinging |last=Farago |first=Jason |date=2017-12-07 |work=[[The New York Times]] |access-date=2018-09-23 |language=en |archive-date=September 24, 2018 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180924000840/https://www.nytimes.com/2017/12/07/arts/design/art-basel-miami-beach-review.html |url-status=live }}</ref>

Miami Beach is home to the [[New World Symphony (orchestra)|New World Symphony]], established in 1987 under the artistic direction of [[Michael Tilson Thomas]]. In January 2011, the New World Symphony made a highly publicized move into the [[New World Center]] building designed by Canadian American Pritzker Prize-winning architect [[Frank Gehry]]. Gehry is famous for his design of the [[Guggenheim Museum Bilbao|Guggenheim Museum in Bilbao, Spain]], and the [[Walt Disney Concert Hall]] in Los Angeles, California. The new Gehry building offers Live Wallcasts™,<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.nws.edu/Wallcasts.aspx |title=WALLCAST™ Concerts and Park Events - New World Symphony |work=NWS.edu |access-date=March 2, 2017 |archive-date=September 5, 2015 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150905063030/http://www.nws.edu/Wallcasts.aspx |url-status=live }}</ref> which allow visitors to experience select events throughout the season at the half-acre, outdoor Miami Beach SoundScape through the use of visual and audio technology on a {{cvt|7000|sqft|m2|adj=on}} projection wall.

Miami beach is also home to [[Miami New Drama]], the resident theater company at the historic [[Colony Theatre]] on Lincoln Road. The regional theater company was founded in 2016 by Venezuelan playwright and director, [[Michel Hausmann]], and playwright, director, and Medal of the Arts winner,<ref>{{Cite web |date=2016-09-14 |title=Moises Kaufman |url=https://www.arts.gov/honors/medals/moises-kaufman |access-date=2020-07-27 |website=NEA |language=en |archive-date=August 4, 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200804000433/https://www.arts.gov/honors/medals/moises-kaufman |url-status=live }}</ref> [[Moisés Kaufman|Moises Kaufman]].<ref>{{Cite web |last=Thomason |first=John |date=2016-01-12 |title=Miami New Drama's Golem of Havana Stretches From Nazis to Cuban Revolutionaries |url=https://www.miaminewtimes.com/arts/miami-new-dramas-golem-of-havana-stretches-from-nazis-to-cuban-revolutionaries-8169433 |access-date=2020-07-27 |website=Miami New Times |archive-date=August 3, 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200803212529/https://www.miaminewtimes.com/arts/miami-new-dramas-golem-of-havana-stretches-from-nazis-to-cuban-revolutionaries-8169433 |url-status=live }}</ref> In October 2016, Miami New Drama took over operations of the Colony Theatre,<ref>{{Cite web |last=Joseph |first=Chris |date=2016-10-07 |title=Miami New Drama Takes Over Historic Colony Theatre in Miami Beach |url=https://www.miaminewtimes.com/arts/miami-new-drama-takes-over-historic-colony-theatre-in-miami-beach-8824926 |access-date=2020-07-27 |website=Miami New Times |archive-date=August 3, 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200803231951/https://www.miaminewtimes.com/arts/miami-new-drama-takes-over-historic-colony-theatre-in-miami-beach-8824926 |url-status=live }}</ref> and since then, the 417-seat [[Art Deco]] venue hosts Miami New Drama's theatrical season as well as other live events.<ref>{{Cite web |title=COLONY THEATRE |url=https://www.colonymb.org/the-colony|access-date=2020-07-27 |website=colonytheatre |language=en|archive-date=August 4, 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200804030546/https://www.colonymb.org/the-colony|url-status=usurped}}</ref>

The Miami City Ballet, a ballet company founded in 1985, is housed in a {{cvt|63,000|sqft|m2|adj=on}} building near Miami Beach's [[Bass Museum of Art]].

The Miami Beach Festival of the Arts is an annual outdoor art festival that was begun in 1974.

===Jewish community===

Miami Beach is home to several [[Orthodox Jew]]ish communities with a network of well-established [[synagogue]]s and [[yeshiva]]s, the first of which being the Landow Yeshiva, a Chabad institution in operation for over 30 years. There is also a liberal [[Jewish]] community containing such famous synagogues as Temple Emanu-El, [[Temple Beth Sholom (Miami Beach, Florida)|Temple Beth Shalom]] and [[Cuban Hebrew Congregation]]. Miami Beach is also a magnet for [[Jew]]ish families, retirees, and particularly [[Snowbird (person)|snowbirds]] when the cold winter sets into the north. These visitors range from the [[Modern Orthodox Judaism|Modern Orthodox]] to the [[Haredi Judaism|Haredi]] and [[Hasidic Judaism|Hasidic]]&nbsp;– including many [[rebbe]]s who vacation there during the North American winter. Till his death in 1991, the Nobel laureate writer [[Isaac Bashevis Singer]] lived in the northern end of Miami Beach and breakfasted often at Sheldon's drugstore on Harding Avenue.

There are many [[kosher]] restaurants and even [[kollel]]s for post-graduate [[Talmud]]ic scholars, such as the Miami Beach Community Kollel. Miami Beach had roughly 60,000 people in Jewish households (62 percent of the total population) in 1982, but only 16,500 (19 percent of the population) in 2004, according to Ira Sheskin, a demographer at the University of Miami who conducts surveys once a [[decade]].{{Citation needed|date=February 2009}} The Miami Beach Jewish community had decreased in size by 1994 due to migration to wealthier areas and aging of the population.<ref>Patron, Eugene. "To the Golden Cities: Pursuing the American Jewish Dream in Miami and L.A." ''[[Forward (magazine)|Forward]]'', May 27, 1994, Vol. LXXXXVIII(30,977), p.9. "Old age and migration to more affluent communities have left Miami Beach all but a shell of the Jewish shtetl that blossomed there."</ref>

Miami Beach is home to the [[Holocaust Memorial of the Greater Miami Jewish Federation]].

=== LGBT community ===
{{main|LGBT culture in Miami}}
Miami Beach has been regarded as a [[gay mecca]] for decades as well as being one of the most LGBT friendly cities in the United States. Miami Beach is home to numerous gay bars and gay-specific events, and five service and resource organizations. After decades of economic and social decline, an influx of [[LGBT|gays and lesbians]] moving to South Beach in the late-1980s to mid-1990s contributed to Miami Beach's revitalization. The newcomers purchased and restored dilapidated Art Deco hotels and clubs, started numerous businesses and built political power in city and county government.<ref name="miamiherald.com">{{Cite web |url=http://www.miamiherald.com/2011/03/04/2102454/miami-beach-by-the-numbers.html |title=Miami Beach by the numbers |date=April 29, 2011 |website=[[Miami Herald]]|access-date=March 1, 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110429104006/http://www.miamiherald.com/2011/03/04/2102454/miami-beach-by-the-numbers.html |archive-date=29 April 2011 |url-status=dead}}</ref>

The passage of progressive civil rights laws,<ref name="miamiherald.com"/> election of outspokenly pro-gay Miami Beach Mayor [[Matti Bower]], and the introduction of Miami Beach's Gay Pride Celebration, have reinvigorated the local LGBT community in recent years, which some argued had experienced a decline in the late 2000s.<ref>{{cite news |first=Natalie |last=O'Neill |url=http://www.miaminewtimes.com/2010-01-14/news/gays-are-leaving-south-beach-for-fort-lauderdale/ |title=Gays leave unfriendly South Beach for Fort Lauderdale - Page 1 - News - Miami |newspaper=Miami New Times |date=January 14, 2010 |access-date=June 30, 2013 |archive-date=August 1, 2013 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130801043715/http://www.miaminewtimes.com/2010-01-14/news/gays-are-leaving-south-beach-for-fort-lauderdale/ |url-status=dead}}</ref> In January 2010, Miami Beach passed a revised Human Rights Ordinance that strengthens enforcement of already existing human rights laws and adds protections for transgender people,<ref>{{Cite web |url=http://www.savedade.org/content/breaking-news-two-new-local-ordinances-support-equality-gay-residents-miami-beach-and-south- |title=Breaking News – Two New Local Ordinances Support Equality For Gay Residents Of Miami Beach And South Miami |date=January 15, 2010 |publisher=SAVE Dade|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20121101123233/http://www.savedade.org/content/breaking-news-two-new-local-ordinances-support-equality-gay-residents-miami-beach-and-south-|archive-date=November 1, 2012}}</ref> making Miami Beach's human rights laws some of the most progressive in the state.<ref name="miamiherald.com"/>

Miami Beach Pride has gained prominence since it first started in 2009, there has been an increase in attendance every year. In 2013 there were more than 80,000 people who participated to now more than 130,000 people that participate in the festivities every year.<ref name="LGBT Creativity">{{cite web |last1=City of Miami |title=Miami Beach Gay Pride is an extraordinary two-day event |url=https://www.miamibeachgaypride.com |website=Miamibeachgaypride |publisher=LGBT Creativity|access-date=20 March 2015|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150316065209/https://www.miamibeachgaypride.com/|archive-date=March 16, 2015|url-status=dead |df=mdy-all}}</ref> It has also attracted many celebrities such as [[Chaz Bono]],<ref>{{cite web |last1=Crandell |first1=Ben |last2=Sentinel |first2=Sun |title=Chaz Bono to lead Miami Beach Gay Pride parade |url=http://articles.sun-sentinel.com/2012-04-04/entertainment/sfl-chaz-bono-to-lead-miami-beach-gay-pride-parade-20120404_1_grand-marshal-chaz-parade |website=articles.sun-sentinel |access-date=20 March 2015 |ref=April 4, 2012 |archive-date=April 2, 2015 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150402122550/http://articles.sun-sentinel.com/2012-04-04/entertainment/sfl-chaz-bono-to-lead-miami-beach-gay-pride-parade-20120404_1_grand-marshal-chaz-parade |url-status=dead }}</ref> [[Adam Lambert]],<ref>{{Cite news |url=http://www.huffingtonpost.com/2013/04/15/miami-beach-gay-pride-2013_n_3084033.html |title=Miami Beach Gay Pride Parade 2013, High Heel Race In Pictures |date=2013-04-15 |work=The Huffington Post |access-date=2017-07-06 |archive-date=March 20, 2015 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150320040510/http://www.huffingtonpost.com/2013/04/15/miami-beach-gay-pride-2013_n_3084033.html |url-status=live }}</ref> [[Gloria Estefan]], [[Mario Lopez]], and [[Elvis Duran]] who were Grand Marshals for Pride Weekend from 2012 through 2016<ref name="LGBT Creativity"/><ref>{{Cite news |url=http://www.miamiherald.com/news/local/community/gay-south-florida/article44890866.html |title=Radio star Elvis Duran named grand marshal of 2016 Miami Beach Gay Pride parade, festival |last=Rothaus |first=Steve |date=2015-11-14 |work=The Miami Herald |access-date=2017-07-06 |archive-date=August 6, 2018 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180806084837/https://www.miamiherald.com/news/local/community/gay-south-florida/article44890866.html |url-status=live }}</ref> respectively.  There are over 125 businesses who are LGBT supportive that sponsor Miami Beach Pride.