Editing Media of Canada (section)

==Films==
{{Main|Cinema of Canada}}
{{unreferenced section|date=February 2021}}
Given Canada's small market and its position next to the United States—the dominant producer of feature films—the Canadian film industry receives substantial assistance from the government. In the [[List of Canadian films#2000s|2000s]], about half of the budget of a typical Canadian film came from various federal and provincial government sources.

According to the Canadian Encyclopedia:
<blockquote>''The first Canadian films were produced in the fall of 1897, a year after the first public exhibition of motion pictures on 27 June 1896 in Montréal. They were made by James Freer, a Manitoba farmer, and depicted life on the Prairies. In 1898–99, the Canadian Pacific Railway showed them throughout the UK to promote immigration. They were so successful that the federal government sponsored a second tour by Freer in 1902 and the CPR began directly financing production of immigration films.''<ref>{{cite web|author=Pierre Véronneau |author2=Peter Morris |author3=Piers Handling |url=http://thecanadianencyclopedia.ca/en/article/the-history-of-film-in-canada/ |title=Film History |publisher=The Canadian Encyclopedia |access-date=2011-12-16 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110608002913/http://www.thecanadianencyclopedia.com/index.cfm?PgNm=TCE&Params=A1ARTA0002800 |archive-date=2011-06-08}}</ref></blockquote>

Most of Canada's film (and television) industry produces output geared towards mainstream [[North America]]n audiences, with [[Entertainment One]] and [[Elevation Pictures]] in particular enjoying significant successes in recent years. [[Montréal]], [[Toronto]] and [[Vancouver]] are major production centres, with Vancouver being the second largest film and television production centre in North America (after [[Los Angeles, California|Los Angeles]]). The [[Toronto International Film Festival]] is considered one of the most important events in North American cinema, showcasing both Canadian talent and Hollywood films.

According to an article in the Toronto Star, the Canadian film industry has always had problems with creating a popular culture because of the shadow of the United States' film industry. For this reason, Canadian films have failed due to a lack of an export market. Canadian actors frequently relocate to Hollywood to further their careers. Also, unlike radio and television, there is no protection for Canadian content in movie theatres.<ref>Taylor, Kate. "Canadian Film Scene Still Waiting for Happy Ending." Toronto Star. https://www.thestar.com/atkinsonseries/atkinson2010/article/865562--part-5-canadian-film-scene-still-waiting-for-happy-ending?bn=1, Retrieved November 17, 2011.</ref> It is clear that Hollywood movies are a lot more popular in Canada than Canadian-made movies. As a whole, the film industry ([[Cinema of the United States|Hollywood]]) continues to make substantial profits in Canada as well as around the world; it can, therefore, be said that the medium is not dying.

Alliance was by far the largest and most successful Canadian film studio, both as a film and television production house (the company's television properties include ''[[Due South]]'', ''[[This Hour Has 22 Minutes]]'' and ''[[CSI: Crime Scene Investigation|C.S.I.]]''), and as the major Canadian distributor of independent American and international films. On January 9, 2013, the company was acquired by Entertainment One.<ref>Tartaglione, Nancy. [https://deadline.com/2013/01/eone-completes-alliance-films-acquisition-victor-loewy-charles-layton-exit-399690/ ''EOne Completes Alliance Films Acquisition; Victor Loewy, Charles Layton Exit.''] ''Deadline Hollywood'' (January 9, 2012)</ref><ref>{{cite news| url=https://www.cbc.ca/news/business/entertainment-one-ready-to-close-alliance-deal-1.1375283 |title=Entertainment One ready to close Alliance deal|agency=The Canadian Press|date=January 3, 2013| work=CBC News}}</ref>

Canada also produces films of a characteristically "Canadian" nature, and of all Canadian cultural industries, the English-Canadian segment of the film industry has the hardest time escaping the shadow of its (North) American counterpart. Between the marketing budgets of mainstream films, and the largely American-controlled film distribution networks, it has been nearly impossible for most distinctively English-Canadian films to break through to a wide audience. In many Canadian cities, in fact, moviegoers do not even have the ''option'' of seeing such films, as there are no theatres screening them. As a result, a Canadian film is usually considered a runaway hit if it makes as little as $1 million at the box office.

French-Canadian films, on the other hand, are often more successful&mdash;as with French-language television, the language difference makes Quebec audiences much more receptive to Canadian-produced film. In many years, the top-grossing Canadian film is a French-language production from Quebec.

As a result of the economic challenges involved in Canadian film production, film funding is often provided by government bodies such as [[Telefilm Canada]], and television services such as [[CBC Television]], [[Crave (TV network)|Crave]] or [[Super Channel Entertainment Network|Super Channel]] are often a Canadian film's most lucrative potential market. However, there is an established network of film festivals which also provide important marketing and audience opportunities for Canadian films. In addition to the Toronto International Film Festival, the smaller [[Vancouver International Film Festival]] features films from around the world, and other major festivals in Montréal, [[Calgary]], [[Edmonton]] and [[Greater Sudbury]]&mdash;among other cities&mdash;are also important opportunities for Canadian filmmakers to gain exposure among more populist film audiences.

One particular film production house, the [[National Film Board of Canada]], has become internationally famous for its animation and documentary production.