Editing Marwan Barghouti (section)

=== Prisoners' Document and other activism ===
On 11 May 2006, Palestinian leaders held in Israeli prisons released the [[Palestinian Prisoners' Document|National Conciliation Document of the Prisoners]]. The document was a proposal initiated by Marwan Barghouti and leaders of [[Hamas]], the [[Popular Front for the Liberation of Palestine|PFLP]], the [[Palestinian Islamic Jihad]] and the [[DFLP]] that proposed a basis upon which a coalition government should be formed in the [[Palestinian Legislative Council]]. This came as a result of the political stalemate in the [[Palestinian territories]] that followed Hamas' election to the PLC in January 2006. Crucially, the document also called for negotiation with the state of Israel in order to achieve lasting peace. The document quickly gained popular currency and is now considered the bedrock upon which a national unity government should be achieved. According to Haaretz, Barghouti, although not officially represented in the negotiations of a Palestinian unity government in February 2007, played a major role in mediating between Hamas and Fatah and formulating the compromise reached on 8 February 2007.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.haaretz.com/hasen/spages/824020.html|title=From behind the bars |work=Haaretz |date=9 February 2007 |archive-url=http://web.archive.org/web/20070211181021/http://www.haaretz.com/hasen/spages/824020.html |archive-date=11 February 2007 |first=Avi |last=Issacharoff}}</ref> In 2009, he was elected to party leadership at the Fatah Conference in Bethlehem.<ref name="haaretz1">{{cite news |title=Labor minister: Israel must consider freeing Fatah victor Barghouti |url=http://haaretz.com/hasen/spages/1106735.html |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100107192330/http://haaretz.com/hasen/spages/1106735.html |archive-date=7 January 2010 |access-date=9 July 2010 |work=[[Haaretz]] |agency=Reuters}}</ref>

Barghouti declined to testify before an Israeli court in January 2012, but used the opportunity of his appearance to say that "an Israeli withdrawal to the 1967 lines and the establishment of a Palestinian state will bring an end to the Israeli-Palestinian conflict," according to Haaretz's Avi Issacharoff.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Issacharoff |first=Avi |date=2012-01-26 |title=In Rare Court Appearance, Marwan Barghouti Calls for a Peace Deal Based on 1967 Lines |url=https://www.haaretz.com/2012-01-26/ty-article/in-rare-court-appearance-marwan-barghouti-calls-for-a-peace-deal-based-on-1967-lines/0000017f-f7ad-d318-afff-f7ef277a0000 |website=Haaretz |access-date=March 23, 2025}}</ref> That March, in a letter from prison, Barghouti called for a new wave of civil resistance against the occupation, and for the Palestinian Authority to end all coordination with Israel. He wrote "Large-scale popular resistance at this stage serves the cause of our people."<ref>{{Cite news |date=2012-03-27 |title=Jailed Palestinian leader Barghouti urges resistance |url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/world-middle-east-17522781 |access-date=2025-03-23 |work=BBC News |language=en-GB}}</ref> Barghouti has frequently been punished for releasing statements through internment in solitary confinement.<ref name=":18" />

In November 2014, months after more than 2,000 Palestinians were killed by Israel in the [[2014 Gaza War]], Barghouti urged the [[Palestinian Authority]] to end security cooperation with [[Israel]] and called for a [[Silent Intifada|Third Intifada]] against Israel.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Bacchi |first=Umberto |date=2014-11-11 |title=Jailed Palestinian Leader Marwan Barghouti Calls for Third Intifada Against Israel |url=https://www.ibtimes.co.uk/jailed-palestinian-leader-marwan-barghouti-calls-third-intifada-against-israel-1474273 |access-date=2025-03-23 |website=International Business Times UK |language=en}}</ref> In 2016, a plan for confronting the occupation, purportedly authored by Barghouti and smuggled from prison, was presented by an ally. The plans hinged on "mass disobedience" and demonstrations of hundreds of thousands of people according to the Economist's ''1843'' Magazine.<ref name=":7" /> Barghouti expected that Israel would kill some of the demonstrators.