Editing Magical realism (section)

===Western and native worldviews===
The critical perspective towards magical realism as a conflict between reality and abnormality stems from the Western reader's disassociation with [[mythology]], a root of magical realism more easily understood by non-Western cultures.<ref name="Faris, Wendy B pp. 3-4">Faris, Wendy B., and Zamora, Lois Parkinson. "Introduction". In ''Magical Realism: Theory, History, Community''.</ref>{{Rp|3–4}} Western confusion regarding magical realism is due to the "conception of the real" created in a magical realist text: rather than explain reality using natural or physical laws, as in typical Western texts, magical realist texts create a reality "in which the relation between incidents, characters, and setting could not be based upon or justified by their status within the physical world or their normal acceptance by bourgeois mentality."<ref>Angel Flores, quoted in {{cite journal|last=Simpkins|first=Scott|title=Magical Strategies: The Supplement of Realism|journal=Twentieth Century Literature|volume=34|number=2|pages=140–154|year=1988|doi=10.2307/441074|jstor=441074}} p. 142.</ref>

Guatemalan author [[William Spindler]]'s article, "Magic realism: A Typology",<ref>Spindler, William (1993). "Magic realism: A Typology". ''Forum for Modern Language Studies'' 39(1). https://leftychan.net/edu/src/1608528039596.pdf</ref> suggests that there are three kinds of magic realism, which however are by no means incompatible:<ref>Cited in {{cite conference|title=''Ceremony'': A Case Study in Literary Anthropology |pages=9–15 |last=Aniballi |first=Francesca |book-title=Diverse Engagement: Drawing in the Margins |editor1-first=Matthew |editor1-last=French |editor2-first=Simon |editor2-last=Jackson |editor3-first=Elina |editor3-last=Jokisuu |conference=Proceedings of the University of Cambridge Interdisciplinary Graduate Conference |date=June 2010 |location=Cambridge, United Kingdom |url=http://www.dspace.cam.ac.uk/bitstream/1810/225960/3/French,%20M.,%20Jackson,%20S.%20Jokisuu,%20E.%20(2010)%20'Diverse%20Engagement%20-%20Drawing%20in%20the%20Margins'%20online%20edition-3.pdf |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120119235615/http://www.dspace.cam.ac.uk/bitstream/1810/225960/3/French,%20M.,%20Jackson,%20S.%20Jokisuu,%20E.%20(2010)%20'Diverse%20Engagement%20-%20Drawing%20in%20the%20Margins'%20online%20edition-3.pdf |archive-date=2012-01-19 |access-date=2024-01-11}}</ref>

* European "[[Metaphysics|metaphysical]]" magic realism, with its sense of estrangement and the uncanny, exemplified by [[Kafka]]'s fiction;
* "[[Ontology|ontological]]" magical realism, characterized by "matter-of-factness" in relating "inexplicable" events; and
* "[[Anthropology|anthropological]]" magical realism, where a Native worldview is set side by side with the Western rational worldview.

Spindler's typology of magic realism has been criticized as:<ref>Connell, Liam. 1998. "Discarding Magic Realism: Modernism, Anthropology, and Critical Practice". ''ARIEL'' 29(2):95–110.</ref>

{{blockquote|[A]n act of categorization which seeks to define Magic Realism as a culturally specific project, by identifying for his readers those (non-modern) societies where myth and magic persist and where Magic Realism might be expected to occur. There are objections to this analysis. Western rationalism models may not actually describe Western modes of thinking and it is possible to conceive of instances where both orders of knowledge are simultaneously possible.}}