Editing London School of Economics (section)

==Organisation and administration==

===Governance===
[[File:Lse george iv.jpg|thumb|upright|The George IV, a pub owned by LSE]]Although LSE is a constituent college of the federal University of London, it is in many ways comparable with free-standing, self-governing, and independently funded universities, and it awards its own degrees.

LSE is incorporated under the [[Companies Act]] as a company limited by guarantee and is an exempt charity within the meaning of Schedule Two of the [[Charities Act 1993]].<ref name="annrep">{{cite web|title=Financial statements|url=https://info.lse.ac.uk/staff/divisions/Finance-Division/annual-accounts/financial-statements|access-date=27 May 2021|website=London School of Economics and Political Science|publisher=London School of Economics|archive-date=27 May 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210527115959/https://info.lse.ac.uk/staff/divisions/Finance-Division/annual-accounts/financial-statements|url-status=live}}</ref> The principal governance bodies of the LSE are: the LSE Council; the Court of Governors; the academic board; and the director and director's management team.<ref name=annrep/>

The LSE Council is responsible for strategy and its members are company directors of the school. It has specific responsibilities in relation to areas including the monitoring of institutional performance; finance and financial sustainability; audit arrangements; estate strategy; human resource and employment policy; health and safety; "educational character and mission", and student experience. The council is supported in carrying out its role by a number of committees that report directly to it.<ref name=annrep/>

The Court of Governors deals with certain constitutional matters and has pre-decision discussions on key policy issues and the involvement of individual governors in the school's activities. The court has the following formal powers: the appointment of members of the court, its subcommittees, and the council; election of the chair and vice chairs of the court and council and honorary fellows of the school; the amendment of the memorandum and articles of association; and the appointment of external auditors.<ref name=annrep/>

The academic board is LSE's principal academic body and considers all major issues of general policy affecting the academic life of the school and its development. It is chaired by the director, with staff and student membership, and is supported by its own structure of committees. The vice chair of the academic board serves as a non-director member of the council and makes a termly report to the council.<ref name=annrep/> Since the [[COVID-19 pandemic|COVID-19 Pandemic]], the Academic Board has moved online and has not yet returned to in-person meetings, changing the dynamic of engagement.

====President and Vice-Chancellor====
{{multiple image
| align             =
| direction         =
| width             =
| image1            = Walter Adams.jpg
| width1            = 135
| caption1          = [[Walter Adams (historian)|Sir Walter Adams]]
| image2            = I. G. Patel.jpg
| width2            = 150
| caption2          = [[Indraprasad Gordhanbhai Patel|I. G. Patel]]
}}
[[File:John Ashworth.jpg|thumb|upright=0.7|[[John Ashworth (vice-chancellor)|Sir John Ashworth]]]]
[[File:Professor_Craig_Calhoun.jpg|thumb|upright=0.7|[[Craig Calhoun]]]]

The president and vice-chancellor (titled director until 2022) is the head of LSE and its chief executive officer, responsible for executive management and leadership on academic issues. The vice-chancellor reports to and is accountable to the council. The vice-chancellor is also the accountable officer for the purposes of the [[Office for Students]] financial memorandum. The LSE's current interim vice-chancellor is [[Eric Neumayer]], who replaced [[Minouche Shafik]] on 23 June 2023. In July 2023, the LSE announced that [[Hewlett Foundation]] head [[Larry Kramer (legal scholar)|Larry Kramer]] would become president and vice-chancellor in April 2024.<ref name="kramer-president">{{cite web |title=LSE announces appointment of new President and Vice-Chancellor |url=https://www.lse.ac.uk/News/Latest-news-from-LSE/2023/g-July-2023/LSE-appoints-new-President-and-Vice-Chancellor |publisher=London School of Economics and Political Science |access-date=28 July 2023 |date=28 July 2023 |archive-date=28 July 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230728141216/https://www.lse.ac.uk/News/Latest-news-from-LSE/2023/g-July-2023/LSE-appoints-new-President-and-Vice-Chancellor |url-status=live }}</ref>

The president is supported by four pro-vice chancellors with designated portfolios (education; research; planning and resources; faculty development), the school secretary, the chief operating officer, the chief finance officer, and the chief philanthropy and global engagement officer.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://info.lse.ac.uk/staff/divisions/directorate/SMC/SMC-Contacts|title=SMC Contacts|publisher=London School of Economics|access-date=26 December 2022|archive-date=27 December 2022|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20221227065130/https://info.lse.ac.uk/staff/divisions/directorate/SMC/SMC-Contacts|url-status=live}}</ref>

{| class="wikitable" style="border: 5px solid #BBB; margin: .96em 0 0 .9em;"
|+President and Vice-Chancellor / Directors (old)
!Years !! Name
|-
|1895–1903|| [[William Hewins]]
|-
|1903–1908|| [[Halford Mackinder|Sir Halford Mackinder]]
|-
|1908–1919|| [[William Pember Reeves|The Hon. William Pember Reeves]]
|-
|1919–1937|| [[William Beveridge|Lord Beveridge]]
|-
|1937–1957|| [[Alexander Carr-Saunders|Sir Alexander Carr-Saunders]]
|-
|1957–1967|| [[Sydney Caine|Sir Sydney Caine]]
|-
|1967–1974|| [[Walter Adams (historian)|Sir Walter Adams]]
|-
|1974–1984|| [[Ralf Dahrendorf|Lord Dahrendorf]]
|-
|1984–1990|| [[Indraprasad Gordhanbhai Patel]]
|-
|1990–1996|| [[John Ashworth (vice-chancellor)|Sir John Ashworth]]
|-
|1996–2003|| [[Anthony Giddens|Lord Giddens]]
|-
|2003–2011|| [[Howard Davies (economist)|Sir Howard Davies]]
|-
|2011–2012|| [[Judith Rees]] (interim)
|-
|2012–2016<sup>†</sup> || [[Craig Calhoun]]
|-
|2016–2017 || [[Julia Black]] (interim)
|-
|2017–2023 || [[Minouche Shafik]]
|-
|2023–2024 || [[Eric Neumayer]] (interim)
|-
|2024–present || [[Larry Kramer (legal scholar)|Larry Kramer]]
|}
<small><sup>†</sup> Titled as director and president<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.lse.ac.uk/south-asia-centre/people/senior-advisory-board|title=Senior Advisory Board|work=LSE South Asia Centre|quote='''Craig J Calhoun''' is university professor in social sciences at Arizona State University. Prior to this, he was president of the Berggruen Institute in Los Angeles, California (2016–18); and director and president of LSE (2012–16), where he remains a centennial professor. Craig has also been president of the Social Science Research Council in New York (1999–2012), and university professor at NYU (2004–12).|access-date=26 August 2019|archive-date=26 August 2019|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190826152048/http://www.lse.ac.uk/south-asia-centre/people/senior-advisory-board|url-status=live}}</ref></small>

===Academic departments and institutes===
LSE's research and teaching are organised into a network of independent academic departments established by the LSE Council, the school's governing body, on the advice of the academic board, the school's senior academic authority.  There are currently 27 academic departments or institutes.

{{div col|colwidth=25em}}
* Department of Accounting
* Department of Anthropology
* Department of Economic History
* Department of Economics
* Department of Finance
* Department of Geography and Environment
* Department of Gender Studies
* Department of Health Policy
* Department of Government
* Department of International Development
* Department of International History
* Department of International Relations
* Department of Management
* Department of Mathematics
* Department of Media and Communications
* Department of Methodology
* Department of Philosophy, Logic and Scientific Method
* Department of Psychological and Behavioural Science
* Department of Social Policy
* Department of Sociology
* Department of Statistics
* European Institute
* International Inequalities Institute
* Institute of Public Affairs
* Language Centre
* [[LSE Law School]]
* Marshall Institute for Philanthropy and Social Entrepreneurship<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.lse.ac.uk/newsAndMedia/news/archives/2015/04/MarshallInstitute.aspx |title=LSE announces The Marshall Institute for Philanthropy and Social Entrepreneurship – 04 – 2015 – News archive – News – News and media – Home |publisher=London School of Economics |date=25 April 2015 |access-date=18 January 2016 |archive-date=29 April 2015 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150429190902/http://www.lse.ac.uk/newsAndMedia/news/archives/2015/04/MarshallInstitute.aspx |url-status=live }}</ref>
* School of Public Policy
{{div col end}}

===Finances===
In the financial year ending 31 July 2024, the London School of Economics (LSE) had a total income of £525.6&nbsp;million (2022/23 – £466.1&nbsp;million) and total expenditure of £344.4&nbsp;million (2022/23 – £424.8&nbsp;million).<ref name="LSE Financial Statement 23/24"/> Key sources of income included £316.4&nbsp;million from tuition fees and education contracts (2022/23 – £295.0&nbsp;million), £26.8&nbsp;million from funding body grants (2022/23 – £29.1&nbsp;million), £41.4&nbsp;million from research grants and contracts (2022/23 – £39.6&nbsp;million), £11.6&nbsp;million from investment income (2022/23 – £7.8&nbsp;million) and £49.3&nbsp;million from donations and endowments (2022/23 – £22.7&nbsp;million).<ref name="LSE Financial Statement 23/24"/>

At year end, the LSE had endowments of £255.5&nbsp;million (2022/23 – £229.3&nbsp;million) and total net assets of £1.009&nbsp;billion (2022/23 – £793.2&nbsp;million).<ref name="LSE Financial Statement 23/24"/>

The [[Times Higher Education]] Pay Survey 2017 revealed that, among larger, non-specialist institutions, LSE professors and academics were the highest paid in the UK, with average incomes of £103,886 and £65,177 respectively.<ref>{{cite news|url=https://www.timeshighereducation.com/features/times-higher-education-pay-survey-2017|title=Times Higher Education Pay Survey 2017|date=4 May 2017|last=Baker|first=Simon|work=Times Higher Education|access-date=23 May 2017|archive-date=9 May 2017|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170509114023/https://www.timeshighereducation.com/features/times-higher-education-pay-survey-2017|url-status=live}}</ref>

====Endowment====

The LSE is aiming to increase the size of its endowment fund to more than £1bn, which would make it one of the best resourced institutions in the UK and the world. The effort was initiated in 2016 by Lord Myners, then chairman of the LSE's Council and Court of Governors. The plan includes working with wealthy alumni of LSE to make large contributions, increasing the annual budget surplus, and launching a new, widescale alumni donor campaign. The plan to grow LSE's endowment to more than £1bn has been continued by Lord Myners' successors at the LSE.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.ft.com/content/83554b84-a8a9-11e5-955c-1e1d6de94879 |archive-url=https://ghostarchive.org/archive/20221210/https://www.ft.com/content/83554b84-a8a9-11e5-955c-1e1d6de94879 |archive-date=10 December 2022 |url-access=subscription |title=LSE looks to boost endowment fund to £1bn |website=Financial Times |date=4 January 2016 |access-date=21 August 2017}}</ref> The LSE stated in 2016 that currently "limited endowment funding constrains our ability to offer 'needs blind' admission to students".<ref name="financial statement 2016">{{cite web|title=Financial Statements|url=https://info.lse.ac.uk/staff/divisions/Finance-Division/annual-accounts/financial-statements|access-date=27 May 2021|website=London School of Economics and Political Science|archive-date=27 May 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210527115959/https://info.lse.ac.uk/staff/divisions/Finance-Division/annual-accounts/financial-statements|url-status=live}}</ref> In the ten-year period between 2015 and 2024, the endowment more than doubled from £113 million to £255 million, making it the [[List of UK universities by endowment|sixth-largest endowment]] of any university in the UK.<ref>{{cite web | url = https://info.lse.ac.uk/staff/divisions/Finance-Division/assets/annual-accounts/PDF/2014-15-FinancialStatements-FINAL-for-PUBLICATION-1.pdf | title = Financial Statements for the Year to 31 July 2015 | access-date = 22 December 2015 | publisher = London School of Economics | page = 22 | archive-date = 7 June 2023 | archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20230607133146/https://info.lse.ac.uk/staff/divisions/Finance-Division/assets/annual-accounts/PDF/2014-15-FinancialStatements-FINAL-for-PUBLICATION-1.pdf | url-status = live }}</ref><ref name="LSE Financial Statement 23/24"/> Analysis of university accounts by ''[[Times Higher Education]]'' found that the LSE came third for fundraising in 2023–24 among the 119 members of [[Universities UK]], with £49.3 million in donations and new endowments, behind only Oxford and Cambridge.<ref>{{cite news|url=https://www.timeshighereducation.com/news/oxford-and-cambridge-extend-uk-sector-fundraising-dominance|title=Oxford and Cambridge extend UK sector fundraising dominance|date=12 March 2025|last=Jack|first=Patrick|work=Times Higher Education}}</ref>

===Academic year===
LSE continues to adopt a three-term structure and has not moved to semesters. [[Michaelmas Term]] runs from October to mid-December, [[Lent Term]] from mid-January to late March, and Summer Term from late April to mid-June.  Certain departments operate reading weeks in early November and mid-February.<ref>{{cite web|title=Term dates|url=https://info.lse.ac.uk/current-students/term-dates|access-date=27 May 2021|website=London School of Economics and Political Science|archive-date=7 May 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210507092145/https://info.lse.ac.uk/current-students/term-dates|url-status=live}}</ref>

===Logo, arms and mascot===
[[File:LSE Logo.svg|thumb|LSE's "red block" logo|156x156px]]
The school's historic coat of arms is used on official documentation including degree certificates and transcripts and includes the motto – ''rerum cognoscere causas'', a line taken from [[Virgil]]'s ''[[Georgics]]'' meaning "to know the causes of things", together with the school's mascot – a [[beaver]]. Both these symbols, adopted in February 1922, continue to be held in high regard to this day with the beaver chosen because of its representation as "a hard-working and industrious yet sociable animal", attributes that the founders hoped LSE students to both possess and aspire to.<ref>{{cite news |url=http://blogs.lse.ac.uk/studentsatlse/2012/10/25/guest-blog-the-lse-beaver/ |title=Guest Blog: The LSE Beaver &#124; Students@LSE |newspaper=Students@Lse |date=25 October 2012 |access-date=18 January 2016 |archive-date=22 December 2015 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20151222081710/http://blogs.lse.ac.uk/studentsatlse/2012/10/25/guest-blog-the-lse-beaver/ |url-status=live }}</ref> The school's weekly newspaper is still entitled ''The Beaver'', Rosebery residence hall's bar is called the Tipsy Beaver and LSE sports teams are known as the Beavers.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.lsesu.com/activities/sports/clubs/7708/ |title=Basketball – Men's |website=Lsesu.com |access-date=18 January 2016 |archive-date=22 December 2015 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20151222102331/http://www.lsesu.com/activities/sports/clubs/7708/ |url-status=live }}</ref> The institution has two sets of colours – brand and academic – red being the brand colour used on signage, publications and in buildings across campus and purple, black and gold for academic purposes including presentation ceremonies and graduation dress.

LSE's present 'red block' logo was modified as part of a rebrand in the early 2000s. As a trademarked brand, it is carefully protected but can be produced in various forms to reflect different requirements.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.lse.ac.uk/intranet/LSEServices/policies/pdfs/school/guiHouSty.pdf |title=GUIDANCE ON LSE HOUSE STYLE AND BEST COMMUNICATIONS PRACTICE |publisher=London School of Economics |access-date=18 January 2016 |archive-date=17 April 2016 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160417223011/http://www.lse.ac.uk/intranet/LSEServices/policies/pdfs/school/guiHouSty.pdf |url-status=live }}</ref>  In its full form it contains the full name of the institution to the right of the block with a further small empty red square at the end, but it is adapted for each academic department or professional service division to provide a cohesive brand across the institution.