Editing Lille (section)

==Economy==
[[File:Lille chambre de commerce.jpg|thumb|upright|Lille's Chamber of Commerce]]
A former major [[Machine|mechanical]], [[food industry]] and textile manufacturing centre as well as a retail and finance center, Lille is the largest city of a conurbation, built like a network of cities: Lille, [[Roubaix]], Tourcoing and [[Villeneuve-d'Ascq]]. The conurbation forms the [[Métropole Européenne de Lille]] which is France's fourth-largest urban conglomeration with a 2016 population of over 1.15 million.<ref>Louis Boisgibault, Fahad Al Kabbani (2020): [http://www.iste.co.uk/book.php?id=1591 ''Energy Transition in Metropolises, Rural Areas and Deserts'']. Wiley - ISTE. (Energy series) {{ISBN|9781786304995}}.</ref>

===Revenues and taxes===
For centuries, Lille, a city of merchants, has displayed a wide range of incomes: great wealth and poverty have lived side by side, especially until the end of the 1800s. This contrast was noted by [[Victor Hugo]] in 1851 in his poem [[Les Châtiments]]: « ''Caves de Lille ! on meurt sous vos plafonds de pierre !'' » ("Cellars of Lille! We die under your stone ceilings!")

===Employment===
Employment in Lille has switched over half a century from a predominant industry to tertiary activities and services. Services account for 91% of employment in 2006.

{{center|'''Employment in Lille<ref>Including the formerly independent communes [[Lomme]] and [[Hellemmes-Lille]]</ref> from 1968 to 2015'''}}
{| class="wikitable" style="margin:1em auto; font-size:90%; width:90%; border:0; text-align:center; line-height:120%;"
|-
! style=" height:17px;"| Business area
! 1968
!  1975
!  1982
!  1990
!  1999
!  2015
|-
! style=" height:16px;"|<small>Agriculture</small>
|  340
|  240
|  144
|  116
|  175
|  74
|-
! style=" height:16px;"|<small>Industry and construction</small>
| 51,900
| 43,500
| 34,588
| 22,406
| 15,351
| 8,427
|-
! style=" height:16px;"|<small>Tertiary activities</small>
| 91,992
| 103,790
| 107,916
| 114,992
| 122,736
| 149,795
|-
! style=" height:16px;"|<small>Total</small>
| 144,232
| 147,530
| 142,648
| 137,514
| 138,262
| 158,296
|-
| colspan="7" style="font-size:90%;"|Sources of data: INSEE<small></small><ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.insee.fr/fr/statistiques/fichier/1893182/pop-act-empl-sa-cd-trav.zip |title=Population active ayant un emploi par secteur d'activité par commune et département de travail (1968 à 1999) |date=2020 |publisher=[[Institut national de la statistique et des études économiques|INSEE]] |format=ZIP|language=fr |access-date=14 September 2020 }}</ref><ref name=complet>[https://www.insee.fr/fr/statistiques/2011101?geo=COM-59350 Dossier complet: Commune de Lille (59350)], INSEE, retrieved 14 September 2020</ref>
|}

{{center|'''Employment per categories in 1968 and in 2017'''}}
{| class="wikitable" style="margin:1em auto; font-size:90%; width:90%; border:0; text-align:center; line-height:120%;"
|-
! style=" width:100px;"|&nbsp;
! colspan="2" |<small>Farmers</small>
! colspan="2" |<small>Businesspersons,<br /> entrepreneurs</small>
! colspan="2" |<small>Upper class</small>
! colspan="2" |<small>Middle class</small>
! colspan="2" |<small>Employees</small>
! colspan="2" |<small>Blue-collar worker</small>
|-
!
! 1968
! 2017
! 1968
! 2017
! 1968
! 2017
! 1968
! 2017
! 1968
! 2017
! 1968
! 2017
|-style="background:#d1e8ff; color:#000;"
! <small>Lille</small>
| 0.1%
| 0.0%
| 7.8%
| 3.6%
| 7.5%
| 29.0%
| 16.7%
| 26.0%
| 33.1%
| 25.0%
| 34.9%
| 13.4%
|-
! style=" height:16px;"|<small>France</small>
| 12.5%
| 1.3%
| 9.9%
| 6.0%
| 5.2%
| 16.3%
| 12.4%
| 24.8%
| 22.5%
| 28.5%
| 37.6%
| 21.5%
|-
| colspan="13" style="font-size:90%;"|Sources of data : <small>INSEE</small><ref name=socio>{{cite web |url=https://www.insee.fr/fr/statistiques/fichier/1893182/pop-act-csp-cd.zip |title=Population active selon la catégorie socioprofessionnelle et la position vis à vis de l'emploi par commune et département (1968 à 1999) |date=2020 |publisher=[[Institut national de la statistique et des études économiques|INSEE]] |format=ZIP|language=fr |access-date=14 September 2020 }}</ref><ref name="complet"/><ref name=france>[https://www.insee.fr/fr/statistiques/2011101?geo=FE-1 Dossier complet: France entière], INSEE, retrieved 14 September 2020</ref>
|}

{{center|'''Unemployment in active population from 1968 to 2017'''}}
{| class="wikitable" style="margin:1em auto; font-size:90%; width:90%; border:0; text-align:center; line-height:120%;"
|-
! style=" height:17px;"|
!  1968
!  1975
!  1982
!  1990
!  1999
!  2007
!  2017
|-style="background:#d1e8ff; color:#000;"
! style=" height:16px;"|<small>Lille</small>
| 2.9%
| 4.6%
| 10.3%
| 14.6%
| 16.9%
| 16.7%
| 19.2%
|-
! style=" height:16px;"|<small>France</small>
| 2.1%
| 3.8%
| 7.4%
| 10.1%
| 11.7%
| 11.5%
| 13.9%
|-
| colspan="8" style="font-size:90%;"|Sources of data : <small>INSEE</small><ref name=socio/><ref name="complet"/><ref name=france/>
|}

===Enterprises===

At the end of 2015, Lille hosts around {{formatnum:28000}} industry or service establishments.

{{center|'''Enterprises as per 31 December 2015'''}}
{| class="wikitable" style="font-size:90%; width:90%; border:0; text-align:center; line-height:120%;"
|-
!  rowspan=2 style="background:#f5f5f5; color:#000; width:100px;"|&nbsp;
!  rowspan=2 style="background:#f5f5f5; color:#000;"|Enterprises
! colspan="5" style="background:#f5f5f5; color:#000;"|Number of employees
!  rowspan=2 style="background:#f5f5f5; color:#000;"|Total employees
|- style="text-align:center;"
|'''''None'''''
|'''''1 to 9'''''
|'''''10 to 19'''''
|'''''20 to 49'''''
|'''''50+'''''
|-
! Agriculture
| 20
| 17
| 2
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 74
|-
! Industries
| 804
| 543
| 186
| 27
| 23
| 25
| 5423
|-
! Construction
| 1606
| 1247
| 282
| 45
| 24
| 8
| 3004
|-
! Commerce, transports, services
| 16410
| 11742
| 3721
| 477
| 294
| 176
| 55707
|-
! Car sales and repair
| 4815
| 3105
| 1495
| 138
| 48
| 29
| 12962
|-
! Administration, education, health, social work
| 4536
| 3357
| 599
| 196
| 181
| 203
| 81126
|-
! Total
| 28191
| 20011
| 6285
| 883
| 570
| 442
| 158296
|-
| colspan="8" style="font-size:90%;"|Source of data : <small>INSEE</small><ref name="complet"/>
|}