Editing Jus soli (section)

=== Asia ===
* {{Flag|Azerbaijan}}: Article 52 of the constitution of Azerbaijan mentions that a person born on the territory of Azerbaijan is a citizen of Azerbaijan. Although in practice that provision is not enforced and persons are only granted citizenship by right based on the other provision within the article that mentions a person whose one parent is a citizen of Azerbaijan is also a citizen of Azerbaijan.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Azerbaijan 1995 (rev. 2009) Constitution – Constitute |url=https://www.constituteproject.org/constitution/Azerbaijan_2009 |access-date=2025-02-13 |website=www.constituteproject.org |language=en}}</ref>
* {{Flag|Bahrain}}: Children born to a foreign father with valid residency permits who himself was born in Bahrain have right to citizenship.<ref>{{cite web|title=Part one of Bahraini citizenship|url=http://www.refworld.org/pdfid/3fb9f34f4.pdf|website=Ref world|access-date=12 March 2015|archive-date=24 September 2015|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150924124920/http://www.refworld.org/pdfid/3fb9f34f4.pdf|url-status=live}}</ref>
* {{flag|Cambodia|name}}: In 1996, Cambodia changed the law to grant citizenship to children born to foreign parents if both parents were born in Cambodia and are living legally in Cambodia (under Article 4(2)(a) of the 1996 Nationality Law).<ref>[https://www.ilo.org/dyn/natlex/docs/ELECTRONIC/86094/96932/F2069641919/KHM86094.pdf Law on Nationality of 20 August 1996 (unofficial translation) published by the United Nations High Commission for Refugees] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190805190215/http://www.ilo.org/dyn/natlex/docs/ELECTRONIC/86094/96932/F2069641919/KHM86094.pdf |date=5 August 2019 }} CHAPTER II KHMER NATIONALITY/CITIZENSHIP BY BIRTH Promulgated on 9 October 1996, "...shall obtain Khmer nationality/citizenship, by having been born in the Kingdom of Cambodia: a. any child who is born from a foreign mother and father (parents) who were born and living legally in the Kingdom of Cambodia."</ref>
*{{flag|China}}: China has strict nationality laws that limit ''jus soli'' citizenship to children born to stateless parents who have settled in China.<ref>{{cite web |title=Nationality Law of the People's Republic of China |url=https://cn.ambafrance.org/IMG/pdf/loi_nationalite_chine.pdf |website=Le France en Chine |publisher=The Embassy of France in Beijing}}</ref>
* {{flagicon|Hong Kong}} [[Right of abode in Hong Kong|Hong Kong]]: Since the July 1997 [[transfer of sovereignty over Hong Kong]], most political rights and eligibility for most benefits are conferred to permanent residents regardless of citizenship. Conversely, PRC citizens who are not permanent residents (such as residents of [[Mainland China]] and [[Macao]]) are not conferred these rights and privileges. The [[Basic Law of Hong Kong|Basic Law]] provides that all [[People's Republic of China nationality law|citizens]] of the [[People's Republic of China]] (PRC) born in the territory are permanent residents of the territory and have the [[right of abode in Hong Kong]]. The 2001 case ''[[Director of Immigration v. Chong Fung Yuen]]'' clarified that the parents need not have right of abode<ref name="Chen">{{cite journal|last=Chen|first=Albert H. Y.|year=2011|title=The Rule of Law under 'One Country, Two Systems': The Case of Hong Kong 1997–2010|url=http://www.law.ntu.edu.tw/ntulawreview/articles/6-1/09-Article-Albert%20H.%20Y.%20Chen_p269-299.pdf|journal=National Taiwan University Law Review|volume=6|issue=1|pages=269–299|access-date=4 October 2011|archive-date=25 October 2016|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20161025110706/http://www.law.ntu.edu.tw/ntulawreview/articles/6-1/09-Article-Albert%20H.%20Y.%20Chen_p269-299.pdf|url-status=dead}}</ref> and as a consequence many women from Mainland China began coming to Hong Kong to give birth. By 2008, the number of babies in the territory born to Mainland China mothers had grown to twenty-five times the number five years prior.<ref>{{cite news|date=September 2011|title=Babies Born in Hong Kong to Mainland Women|periodical=Hong Kong Monthly Digest of Statistics|url=http://www.statistics.gov.hk/publication/feature_article/B71109FB2011XXXXB0100.pdf|url-status=dead|access-date=4 October 2011|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20111125040302/http://www.statistics.gov.hk/publication/feature_article/B71109FB2011XXXXB0100.pdf|archive-date=25 November 2011}}</ref><ref name="FiveYearsGrowTwentyFiveTimes">{{cite news|date=10 March 2008|title=內地來港產子數目5年急增25倍 香港擬收緊綜援|periodical=People's Daily|url=http://hm.people.com.cn/BIG5/85423/6976796.html|url-status=dead|access-date=5 October 2011|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120118221836/http://hm.people.com.cn/BIG5/85423/6976796.html|archive-date=18 January 2012}}</ref> Furthermore, persons of Chinese ethnicity (wholly or partly) with PRC nationality born in Hong Kong are PRC nationals with Hong Kong permanent residence, even if their parents are non-PRC citizens (e.g. overseas-born Chinese).{{citation needed|date=February 2021}} Non-PRC citizens born to non-PRC citizen Hong Kong permanent resident parents in Hong Kong also receive permanent residence of Hong Kong at birth. Other persons must have "ordinarily resided" in Hong Kong for seven continuous years in order to gain permanent residence (Articles 24(2) and 24(5)).<ref>{{cite web|title=Basic Law Full Text – chapter (3)|url=http://www.basiclaw.gov.hk/en/basiclawtext/chapter_3.html|website=Basiclaw.gov.hk|access-date=23 February 2017|archive-date=28 September 2008|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080928131256/http://www.basiclaw.gov.hk/en/basiclawtext/chapter_3.html|url-status=dead}}</ref>
* {{flag|Indonesia|name}}: Indonesian citizenship by birth includes those born anywhere whose parents are both Indonesian nationals, or any person born in Indonesia with at least one Indonesian citizen parent, or a child born in Indonesia to unknown parents, or those born out of wedlock. Citizenship can also be granted to a permanent resident who has lived in Indonesia for a given period of time through naturalization, as long as the parents are stateless, or unknown.<ref>{{cite web |last1=Harijanti |first1=Susi Dwi |title=Report On Citizenship Law: Indonesia |url=https://cadmus.eui.eu/bitstream/handle/1814/45372/GLOBALCIT_CR_2017_04.pdf |website=cadmus.eui.eu |publisher=[[European University Institute]] |access-date=11 May 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201115134311/https://cadmus.eui.eu/bitstream/handle/1814/45372/GLOBALCIT_CR_2017_04.pdf |archive-date=15 November 2020 |location=[[Badia Fiesolana]] |date=February 2017 |url-status=live}}</ref>
* {{flag|Iran|name}}: Article 976(4) of the Civil Code of Iran grants citizenship at birth to persons born in Iran of foreign parents if one or both of the parents were themselves born in Iran. Article 976(5) People born in Iran of a father of foreign nationality who have resided at least one more year in Iran immediately after reaching the full age of 18; in other cases their naturalization as Iranian subjects will be subject to the stipulations for Iranian naturalization laid down by the law. New legislation passed by the Iranian Parliament in 2012 grants permanent residency to children born to Iranian mothers and foreign fathers. See [[Iranian nationality law]].<ref>{{cite web|title=Civil Code of Iran (last amended 1985)|url=http://www.unhcr.org/refworld/country,,NATLEGBOD,,IRN,,3ae6b5a68,0.html|publisher=United Nations High Commission for Refugees|access-date=23 June 2012|archive-date=9 October 2012|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20121009132805/http://www.unhcr.org/refworld/country,,NATLEGBOD,,IRN,,3ae6b5a68,0.html|url-status=live}}</ref>
* {{flag|Israel|name|name=Israel}}: Children born in Israel who have never acquired another citizenship are eligible to apply for Israeli citizenship between their 18th and 21st birthday if they have lived in Israel for over 5 years (see [[Israeli citizenship law]]).<ref>{{cite book |last=Kassim |first=Anis F |chapter=The Palestinians: From Hyphenated to Integrated Citizenship |editor-last=Butenschøn |editor-first=Nils A. |editor-last2=Davis |editor-first2=Uri |editor-last3=Hassassian |editor-first3=Manuel S. |title=Citizenship and the state in the Middle East: approaches and applications |publisher=Syracuse University Press |publication-place=Syracuse, N.Y. |date=2000 |isbn=0-8156-2829-3 |oclc=43318360}}</ref>
* {{flag|Japan|name}}: Children born in Japan to stateless or unknown parents are Japanese nationals at birth.<ref>{{cite web|title=THE NATIONALITY LAW|url=https://www.moj.go.jp/ENGLISH/information/tnl-01.html#:~:text=When%20both%20parents%20are%20unknown%20or%20have%20no%20nationality%20in%20a%20case%20where%20the%20child%20is%20born%20in%20Japan.|website=The Ministry of Justice English Website|access-date=31 October 2021|archive-date=31 October 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211031142741/https://www.moj.go.jp/ENGLISH/information/tnl-01.html#:~:text=When%20both%20parents%20are%20unknown%20or%20have%20no%20nationality%20in%20a%20case%20where%20the%20child%20is%20born%20in%20Japan.|url-status=live}}</ref>
* {{flagicon|Macau}} [[Right of abode in Macau|Macau]]: Similar to Hong Kong, most political rights and eligibility for most benefits are conferred to permanent residents regardless of citizenship since the December 1999 [[transfer of sovereignty over Macau]], according to the [[Macao Basic Law|Basic Law of Macau]]. Becoming a Macau permanent resident has slightly different requirements depending on an individual's nationality. Acquisition by birth operates on a modified ''jus soli'' basis; individuals born in Macau to Chinese nationals or to Portuguese citizens [[Domicile (law)|domiciled]] there are automatically permanent residents, while those born to other foreign nationals must have at least one parent who possesses right of abode (see [[Right of abode in Macau]]).<ref name="L8/1999A1">{{cite act |title=Lei sobre Residente Permanente e Direito de Residência na Região Administrativa Especial de Macau |trans-title=Law about Permanent Resident and Right of Abode in the Macao Special Administrative Region |number=8 |year=1999 |language=Portuguese |url=http://images.io.gov.mo/bo/i/1999/01/lei-8-1999.pdf |access-date=8 February 2019 |archive-date=11 April 2019 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190411211418/https://images.io.gov.mo/bo/i/1999/01/lei-8-1999.pdf |url-status=live }}  Article 1.</ref>
* {{flag|Malaysia|name}}: A person born in Malaysia on or after 16 September 1963 with at least one parent being a Malaysian citizen or permanent resident is automatically a Malaysian citizen (see [[Malaysian nationality law]]).<ref>{{cite web|access-date=24 November 2020|title=Malaysian Government Portal relating to citizenship|url=https://www.malaysia.gov.my/portal/subcategory/17|archive-date=28 September 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210928231852/https://www.malaysia.gov.my/portal/subcategory/17|url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|access-date=24 November 2020|title=National Registration Department resources on citizenship|url=https://www.jpn.gov.my/en/tag/citizenship/|archive-date=15 August 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200815030705/https://www.jpn.gov.my/en/tag/citizenship/|url-status=live}}</ref>
* {{flagicon|Mongolia}} [[Mongolia]]: A person born in Mongolia to foreign parents with valid residency permits can apply for Mongolian nationality when they turn the age of 16. A child in Mongolian territory with unidentified parents can receive Mongolian citizenship (see [[Mongolian nationality law]]).<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.legalinfo.mn/law/details/525|title=ХАРЬЯАТЫН ТУХАЙ|trans-title=About Citizenship|language=Mongolian|access-date=12 December 2020|website=www.legalinfo.mn|archive-date=6 August 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200806185645/https://www.legalinfo.mn/law/details/525|url-status=dead}}</ref>
* {{flag|Taiwan|name}}: Any child born to parents with [[Taiwanese people|Taiwanese]] citizenship, even those living abroad, can acquire Taiwanese nationality at birth. Children born in Taiwan to stateless parents or have unknown parentage are considered Taiwanese nationals at birth (see [[Taiwanese nationality law]]).<ref>{{cite web |title=Taiwan: Nationality laws (2000 – February 2004) |url=https://www.refworld.org/docid/41501c69e.html#:~:text=Nationality%20in%20Taiwan%20is%20regulated,unknown%20parentage%20(ibid.) |website=Refworld |access-date=9 February 2021 |archive-date=16 November 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201116022010/https://www.refworld.org/docid/41501c69e.html#:~:text=Nationality%20in%20Taiwan%20is%20regulated,unknown%20parentage%20(ibid.) |url-status=live }}</ref>
* {{flag|Thailand|name}}: Thailand operated a system of pure ''jus soli'' prior to 1972. Due to illegal immigration from Burma, the Nationality Act was amended by requiring both parents to legally reside and be domiciled in Thailand for at least five years for their child to be granted Thai citizenship at birth.<ref>{{cite web|title=Thailand|url=http://www.osg.gov.ph/index.php/component/content/article/36-country/365-thailand|publisher=Office of the Solicitor General|location=Republic of the Philippines|access-date=22 June 2012|archive-date=26 January 2014|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140126004046/http://www.osg.gov.ph/index.php/component/content/article/36-country/365-thailand|url-status=dead}}</ref><ref>{{cite journal|last=Yang|first=Bryant|year=2009|title=Life and Death Away from the Golden Land: The Plight of Burmese Migrant Workers in Thailand|url=http://www.thailawforum.com/articles/Burmese-Migrants-in-Thailand-7.html|journal=Thailand Law Journal|volume=12|issue=1|access-date=22 June 2012|archive-date=2 April 2019|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190402071858/http://thailawforum.com/articles/Burmese-Migrants-in-Thailand-7.html|url-status=live}}</ref> Furthermore, someone who has Thai citizenship by sole virtue of ''jus soli'' may be stripped of Thai citizenship under various conditions (such as living abroad), which does not apply to people who have Thai citizenship by virtue of ''jus sanguinis''.<ref>{{cite journal|date=27 February 2008|title=Amendments to the Nationality Act 2008|url=http://www.thailawforum.com/database1/Amendments-to-the-nationality-act.html|journal=Government Gazette of Thailand|volume=125|access-date=22 June 2012|archive-date=11 November 2018|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20181111080528/http://www.thailawforum.com/database1/Amendments-to-the-nationality-act.html|url-status=live}}</ref>