Editing Judo (section)

===History===
[[File:2010 World Judo Championships - Thierry Fabre Vs Takamasa Anai 2.JPG|thumb|right|Japanese judoka [[Takamasa Anai]] Vs French judoka [[Thierry Fabre]] during the [[2010 World Judo Championships]] held in Tokyo]]
[[File:Yoshimatsu vs. Daigo in 1951.jpg|thumb|right|[[Yoshihiko Yoshimatsu]] attempting to throw [[Toshirō Daigo|Toshiro Daigo]] with an [[uchi mata]] in the final of the 1951 [[All-Japan Judo Championships]] ]]
{{nihongo|Contest|試合|shiai}} is a vitally important aspect of judo. In 1899, Kano was asked to chair a committee of the [[Dai Nippon Butoku Kai]] to draw up the first formal set of contest rules for jujutsu. These rules were intended to cover contests between different various traditional schools of jujutsu as well as practitioners of Kodokan judo. Contests were 15 minutes long and were judged on the basis of ''nage waza'' and ''katame waza'', excluding ''atemi waza''. Wins were by two ippons, awarded in every four-main different path of winning alternatives, by "Throwing", where the opponent's back strikes flat onto the mat with sufficient force, by "Pinning" them on their back for a "sufficient" amount of time, or by "Submission", which could be achieved via ''Shime-waza'' or ''Kansetsu-waza'', in which the opponent was forced to give himself or herself up or summon a referee's or corner-judge's stoppage. Finger, toe and ankle locks were prohibited.<ref name="judoruleshistory">Hoare (2005) pp. 4–7</ref> In 1900, these rules were adopted by the Kodokan with amendments made to prohibit all joint locks for ''kyu'' grades and added wrist locks to the prohibited ''kansetsu-waza'' for ''[[dan (rank)|dan]]'' grades. It was also stated that the ratio of ''tachi-waza'' to ''ne-waza'' should be between 70% and 80% for ''kyu'' grades and between 60% and 70% for ''dan'' grades.<ref name="judoruleshistory"/>

In 1916, additional rulings were brought in to further limit ''kansetsu waza'' with the prohibition of ''[[ashi garami]]'' and neck locks, as well as ''do jime''.<ref>Hoare (2009) p. 109</ref> These were further added to in 1925.

Jigoro Kano for a long time wished to see judo as an [[Olympic sports|Olympic discipline]].<ref>Niehaus, Andreas. [https://books.google.com/books?id=9R_cAAAAQBAJ&pg=PA102 'If You Want to Cry, Cry on the Green Mats of Kôdôkan'] in ''Olympism: The Global Vision'', 2013, p. 102.</ref> The first time judo was seen in the [[Olympic Games]] was in an informal demonstration hosted by Kano at the [[1932 Summer Olympics|1932 Games]].<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.judoinfo.com/kano.htm |author1=Jigoro Kano |title=The Contribution of Judo to Education by Jigoro Kano |website=Judo Info |access-date=February 21, 2016}}</ref> However, Kano was ambivalent about judo's potential inclusion as an Olympic sport:
{{blockquote|I have been asked by people of various sections as to the wisdom and possibility of judo being introduced with other games and sports at the Olympic Games. My view on the matter, at present, is rather passive. If it be the desire of other member countries, I have no objection. But I do not feel inclined to take any initiative. For one thing, judo in reality is not a mere sport or game. I regard it as a principle of life, art and science. In fact, it is a means for personal cultural attainment. Only one of the forms of judo training, so-called randori or free practice can be classed as a form of sport. Certainly, to some extent, the same may be said of boxing and fencing, but today they are practiced and conducted as sports. Then the Olympic Games are so strongly flavored with nationalism that it is possible to be influenced by it and to develop "Contest Judo", a retrograde form as ju-jitsu was before the Kodokan was founded. Judo should be free as art and science from any external influences, political, national, racial, and financial or any other organized interest. And all things connected with it should be directed to its ultimate object, the "Benefit of Humanity". Human sacrifice is a matter of ancient history.<ref>Koizumi (1947)</ref>}}