Editing Jin dynasty (266–420) (section)

=== Tu Duan policy ===
{{Continental Asia in 400 CE|right|{{center|The Eastern Jin dynasty and contemporary Asian polities {{circa}} 400}}|{{Annotation|222|83|[[File:Rectangle (plain).svg|60px]]}}}}
The ''tu duan'' ({{lang|zh-hant|土斷}}) is the abbreviation for ''yi tu duan'' ({{lang|zh-hant|以土斷}}, means classifying people according to their present habitation to register). It was a policy to ensure the ancient [[hukou system]] working since the Western Jin. These terms were first recorded in the biographies of Wei Guan and Li Chong included in the ''[[Book of Jin]]'':<blockquote>今九域同規，大化方始，臣等以為宜皆蕩除末法，一擬古制，'''以土斷'''，定自公卿以下，皆以所居為正，無復懸客遠屬異土者。<ref>{{Cite book|url=https://zh.wikisource.org/wiki/%E6%99%89%E6%9B%B8/%E5%8D%B7036|title=Book of Jin, Vol. 36}}</ref></blockquote><blockquote>然承魏氏凋弊之跡，人物播越，仕無常朝，人無定處，郎吏蓄於軍府，豪右聚於都邑，事體駁錯，與古不同。謂九品既除，宜先開移徙，聽相並就。且明貢舉之法，不濫於境外，則冠帶之倫將不分而自均，即'''土斷'''之實行矣。<ref>{{Cite book|url=https://zh.wikisource.org/wiki/%E6%99%89%E6%9B%B8/%E5%8D%B7046|title=Book of Jin, Vol. 46}}</ref></blockquote>Hence, it was perhaps initially proposed by these two people, but was only seriously implemented during the Eastern Jin and the Southern dynasties.