Editing Japanese tea ceremony (section)

===Hanging scroll===
[[File:松風荘 フィラデルフィア (1).jpg|thumb|A {{transliteration|ja|tokonoma}} alcove with a {{transliteration|ja|kakemono}} hanging scroll, in front of it a small {{transliteration|ja|chabana}} flower arrangement]]

[[Shodō|Calligraphy]], mainly in the form of [[hanging scroll]]s, plays a central role in tea. Scrolls, often written by famous calligraphers or Buddhist monks, are hung in the {{transliteration|ja|tokonoma}} (scroll alcove) of the tea room. They are selected for their appropriateness for the occasion, including the [[season]] and the theme of the particular get-together. Calligraphic scrolls may feature well-known sayings, particularly those associated with Buddhism, [[poem]]s, descriptions of famous places, or words or phrases associated with tea.<ref>{{cite journal|author=Haga Koshiro |year=1983 |title=The Appreciation of Zen Scrolls |journal=Chanoyu Quarterly |issue=36 |pages=7–25 |location=Kyoto |publisher=Urasenke Foundation of Kyoto |oclc=4044546 |access-date=2012-07-05 |url=http://www.urasenke.or.jp/texte/study/book/image/chanoyu-quarterly.pdf |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120208031843/http://www.urasenke.or.jp/texte/study/book/image/chanoyu-quarterly.pdf |archive-date=2012-02-08 }}</ref>

Historian and author Haga Kōshirō points out that it is clear from the teachings of Sen no Rikyū recorded in the {{transliteration|ja|Nanpō roku}} that the suitability of any particular scroll for a tea gathering depends not only on the subject of the writing itself but also on the virtue of the writer. Haga points out that Rikyū preferred to hang {{transliteration|ja|[[bokuseki]]}} ("ink traces"), the calligraphy of Zen Buddhist priests, in the tea room.<ref>{{cite journal|author=Haga Koshiro |year=1983 |title=The Appreciation of Zen Scrolls |journal=Chanoyu Quarterly |issue=36 |pages=7–25 |location=Kyoto |publisher=Urasenke Foundation of Kyoto |oclc=4044546 |access-date=2012-07-05 |url=http://www.urasenke.or.jp/texte/study/book/image/chanoyu-quarterly.pdf |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120208031843/http://www.urasenke.or.jp/texte/study/book/image/chanoyu-quarterly.pdf |archive-date=2012-02-08 }}</ref> A typical example of a hanging scroll in a tea room might have the kanji {{nihongo3|"harmony", "respect", "purity" and "tranquility"|和敬清寂|wa-kei-sei-jaku}}, expressing the four key principles of the Way of Tea. Some contain only a single character; in summer, {{nihongo3|"wind"|風|kaze}} would be appropriate. Hanging scrolls that feature a painting instead of calligraphy, or a combination of both, are also used. Scrolls are sometimes placed in the waiting room as well.