Editing Homeobox (section)

== Human homeobox genes ==
The Hox genes in humans are organized in four chromosomal clusters:

{| class="wikitable"
|'''name'''||'''[[chromosome]]'''||'''gene'''
|-
| HOXA (or sometimes HOX1) - {{Gene|HOXA@}}||[[chromosome 7 (human)|chromosome 7]]||[[Homeobox A1|HOXA1]], [[HOXA2]], [[HOXA3]], [[HOXA4]], [[HOXA5]], [[HOXA6]], [[HOXA7]], [[HOXA9]], [[HOXA10]], [[HOXA11]], [[HOXA13]]
|-
| HOXB - {{Gene|HOXB@}}||[[chromosome 17]]||[[HOXB1]], [[HOXB2]], [[HOXB3]], [[HOXB4]], [[HOXB5]], [[HOXB6]], [[HOXB7]], [[HOXB8]], [[HOXB9]], [[HOXB13]]
|-
| HOXC - {{Gene|HOXC@}}||[[chromosome 12]]||[[HOXC4]], [[HOXC5]], [[HOXC6]], [[HOXC8]], [[HOXC9]], [[HOXC10]], [[HOXC11]], [[HOXC12]], [[HOXC13]]
|-
| HOXD - {{Gene|HOXD@}}||[[chromosome 2]]||[[HOXD1]], [[HOXD3]], [[HOXD4]], [[HOXD8]], [[HOXD9]], [[HOXD10]], [[HOXD11]], [[HOXD12]], [[HOXD13]]
|}

[[ParaHox]] genes are analogously found in four areas. They include [[CDX1]], [[CDX2]], [[Cdx protein family|CDX4]]; [[GSX1]], [[GSX2]]; and [[PDX1]]. Other genes considered Hox-like include [[Evx1|EVX1]], [[EVX2]]; [[GBX1]], [[GBX2]]; [[MEOX1]], [[MEOX2]]; and [[MNX1]]. The NK-like (NKL) genes, some of which are considered "MetaHox", are grouped with Hox-like genes into a large ANTP-like group.<ref name="pmc2211742" /><ref>{{cite journal | vauthors = Coulier F, Popovici C, Villet R, Birnbaum D | title = MetaHox gene clusters | journal = The Journal of Experimental Zoology | volume = 288 | issue = 4 | pages = 345–351 | date = December 2000 | pmid = 11144283 | doi = 10.1002/1097-010X(20001215)288:4<345::AID-JEZ7>3.0.CO;2-Y | bibcode = 2000JEZ...288..345C }}</ref>

Humans have a [[DLX gene family|"distal-less homeobox" family]]: [[DLX1]], [[DLX2]], [[DLX3 (gene)|DLX3]], [[DLX4]], [[DLX5]], and [[DLX6]]. Dlx genes are involved in the development of the nervous system and of limbs.<ref>{{cite journal | vauthors = Kraus P, Lufkin T | title = Dlx homeobox gene control of mammalian limb and craniofacial development | journal = American Journal of Medical Genetics. Part A | volume = 140 | issue = 13 | pages = 1366–74 | date = July 2006 | pmid = 16688724 | doi = 10.1002/ajmg.a.31252 | s2cid = 32619323 }}</ref> They are considered a subset of the NK-like genes.<ref name="pmc2211742" />

Human TALE (Three Amino acid Loop Extension) homeobox genes for an "atypical" homeodomain consist of 63 rather than 60 amino acids:
[[IRX1]], [[IRX2]], [[IRX3]], [[IRX4]], [[IRX5]], [[IRX6]]; [[MEIS1]], [[MEIS2]], [[MEIS3]]; [[MKX]]; [[PBX1]], [[PBX2]], [[PBX3]], [[PBX4]]; [[PKNOX1]], [[PKNOX2]]; [[TGIF1]], [[TGIF2]], [[TGIF2LX]], [[TGIF2LY]].<ref name="pmc2211742" />

In addition, humans have the following homeobox genes and proteins:<ref name="pmc2211742">{{cite journal | vauthors = Holland PW, Booth HA, Bruford EA | title = Classification and nomenclature of all human homeobox genes | journal = BMC Biology | volume = 5 | issue = 1 | pages = 47 | date = October 2007 | pmid = 17963489 | pmc = 2211742 | doi = 10.1186/1741-7007-5-47 | doi-access = free }}</ref>

* LIM-class: [[ISL1]], [[ISL2]]; [[LHX1]], [[LHX2]], [[LHX3]], [[LHX4]], [[LHX5]], [[LHX6]], [[LHX8]], [[LHX9]];{{efn|1=Grouped as Lmx 1/5, 2/9, 3/4, and 6/8.}} [[LMX1A]], [[LMX1B]]
* POU-class: [[HDX (gene)|HDX]]; [[POU1F1]]; [[POU2F1]]; [[POU2F2]]; [[POU2F3]]; [[POU3F1]]; [[POU3F2]]; [[POU3F3]]; [[POU3F4]]; [[POU4F1]]; [[POU4F2]]; [[POU4F3]]; [[POU5F1]]; [[POU5F1P1]]; [[POU5F1P4]]; [[POU5F2]]; [[POU6F1]]; and [[POU6F2]]
* CERS-class: [[LASS2]], [[LASS3]], [[LASS4]], [[LASS5]], [[LASS6]];
* HNF-class: [[HMBOX1]]; [[TCF1|HNF1A]], [[TCF2|HNF1B]];
* SINE-class: [[SIX1]], [[SIX2]], [[SIX3]], [[SIX4]], [[SIX5]], [[SIX6]]{{efn|1=Grouped as Six 1/2, 3/6, and 4/5.}}
* CUT-class: [[ONECUT1]], [[ONECUT2]], [[ONECUT3]]; [[CUX1 (gene)|CUX1]], [[CUX2]]; [[SATB1]], [[SATB2]];
* ZF-class: [[ADNP (gene)|ADNP]], [[ADNP2]]; [[TSHZ1]], [[TSHZ2]], [[TSHZ3]]; [[ZEB1]], [[ZEB2]]; [[ZFHX2]], [[ZFHX3]], [[ZFHX4]]; [[ZHX1]], [[HOMEZ]];
* PRD-class: [[ALX1]] (CART1), [[ALX3]], [[ALX4]]; [[ARGFX]]; [[Aristaless related homeobox|ARX]]; [[DMBX1]]; [[DPRX]]; [[DRGX]]; [[DUXA]], [[DUXB]], DUX ([[DUX1|1]], [[DUX2|2]], [[DUX3|3]], [[DUX4|4]], [[DUX4c|4c]], [[DUX5|5]]);{{efn|1=Questionable, per <ref name=pmc2211742/>}} [[ESX1]]; [[GSC (gene)|GSC]], [[GSC2]]; [[HESX1]]; [[HOPX]]; [[ISX]]; [[LEUTX]]; [[MIXL1]]; [[NOBOX]]; [[OTP (gene)|OTP]]; [[OTX1]], [[OTX2]], [[CRX (gene)|CRX]]; [[PAX2]], [[PAX3]], [[PAX4]], [[PAX5]], [[PAX6]], [[PAX7]], [[PAX8]];{{efn|1=The [[Pax genes]]. Grouped as Pax2/5/8, Pax3/7, and Pax4/6.}} [[PHOX2A]], [[PHOX2B]]; [[PITX1]], [[PITX2]], [[PITX3]]; [[PROP1]]; [[PRRX1]], [[PRRX2]]; [[RAX (gene)|RAX]], [[RAX2]]; [[RHOXF1]], [[RHOXF2]]/[[RHOXF2B|2B]]; [[SEBOX]]; [[short-stature homeobox gene|SHOX]], [[SHOX2]]; [[TPRX1]]; [[UNCX]]; [[VSX1]], [[VSX2]]
* NKL-class: [[BARHL1]], [[BARHL2]]; [[BARX1]], [[BARX2]]; [[Brain-specific homeobox|BSX]]; [[DBX1]], [[DBX2]]; [[EMX1]], [[EMX2]]; [[EN1 (gene)|EN1]], [[EN2 (gene)|EN2]]; [[HHEX]]; [[HLX (gene)|HLX1]]; [[LBX1]], [[LBX2]]; [[MSX1]], [[MSX2 (gene)|MSX2]]; [[Homeobox protein NANOG|NANOG]]; [[Notochord homeobox (NOTO) gene|NOTO]]; [[TLX1]], [[TLX2]], [[TLX3]]; [[TSHZ1]], [[TSHZ2]], [[TSHZ3]]; [[VAX1]], [[VAX2]], [[VENTX]];
** Nkx: <!-- NKX1-1? --> [[NK2 homeobox 1|NKX2-1]], [[NKX2-4]]; [[NKX2-2]], [[NKX2-8]]; [[NKX3-1]], [[NKX3-2]]; [[NKX2-3]], [[NKX2-5]], [[NKX2-6]];{{efn|1=Nk4.}} [[HMX1]], [[HMX2]], [[HMX3]];{{efn|1=Nk5.}} [[NKX6-1]]; [[NKX6-2]]; [[NKX6-3]];

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