Editing History of music (section)

===Japanese ''gagaku'' music===
{{main|Gagaku}}
The imperial court of Japan developed ''[[gagaku]]'' (({{lang|zh|雅楽}}); {{lit|elegant music}}) music, originating from the ''Gagakuryō'' imperial music academy established in 701 CE during the [[Asuka period]].{{sfn|Nelson|2016|p=36}} Though the word ''gagaku'' derives from the Chinese ''yayue'' music, the latter originally referred to Confucian ritual music, while ''gagaku'' extends to many genres, styles and instruments.{{sfn|Nelson|2016|p=36}}{{sfn|Marett|2001|loc="1. History"}}{{refn|The musicologist Allan Marett noted, however, that by the time of ''[[gagaku]]'' music in the early 8th century, contemporary Chinese ''yayue'' music had adopted wide influences and genres, making it similar to the stylistic-variety of ''gagaku''.{{sfn|Marett|2001|loc="1. History"}}|group=n}} In the tradition's early history, the three main genres were ''wagaku'' (native Japanese music), ''sankangaku'' (music from the [[Three Kingdoms of Korea]]) and ''tōgaku'' (music from China's [[Tang dynasty]]), as well as more minor genres such as ''toragaku'', ''gigaku'', and ''rin’yūgaku''. Uniquely among Asian music of this time, there are numerous extant scores of ''gagaku'' music from the 8th to 11th centuries.{{sfn|Marett|2001|loc="1. History"}}

A major shift in ''gagaku'' music occurred in the 9th century, namely the development of a distinction between ''[[tōgaku]]'' and ''[[komagaku]]'' music. ''Tōgaku'' was a Chinese-influenced style, which combined with the ''rin’yūgaku'' tradition, referred to as "Music of the Left" (''sahō''). ''Komagaku'' was then referred to as "Music of the Right" (''uhō''), encompassing music influenced by both Korea (''sankangaku'') and [[Balhae]] (''bokkaigaku''). Though this division was prominent, it was not strict and the ''tōgaku'' and ''komagaku'' styles nonetheless interlaced and influenced each other.{{sfn|Marett|2001|loc="1. History"}} The long [[Heian period]] (794–1185) saw much patronage of ''gagaku'' music from the court, as it accompanied many festivals and celebrations. Numerous new genres emerged at this time, such as the ''[[saibara]]'' and ''[[rōei]]'' song forms.{{sfn|Marett|2001|loc="1. History"}}{{sfn|Harich-Schneider|1957–1958|pp=183–185}} ''Gagaku'' ensembles consist of a wide variety of instruments and are the largest such formations in [[traditional Japanese music]].{{sfn|Wade|2005|p=24}}