Editing History of Finland (section)

===16th century===
[[File:Swedish Empire.svg|thumb|The [[Swedish empire]] at its largest. Most of present-day Finland was part of [[Sweden proper]], ''rike'', shown in dark green.]]
[[File:Albert Gebhard - Gustav Vasa and Mikael Agricola.jpg|thumb|left|[[Mikael Agricola]] hands over the Finnish Translation of the [[New Testament]] to King [[Gustav Wasa]].]]
In 1521, the Kalmar Union collapsed and [[Gustav Vasa]] became the King of Sweden. During his rule, the [[Reformation in Sweden|Swedish church was reformed]]. The state administration underwent extensive reforms and development too, giving it a much stronger grip on the life of local communities—and ability to collect higher taxes. Following the policies of the Reformation, in 1551 [[Mikael Agricola]], bishop of Turku, published his translation of the [[New Testament]] into the [[Finnish language]]. In 1550, [[Helsinki]] was founded by Gustav Vasa under the name ''Helsingfors'', but remained little more than a fishing village for more than two centuries. His second second son [[John III of Sweden|Johan]] became the [[duke of Finland]] in the early 1560s.{{sfn|Kirby|2006|p=37}}

King Gustav Vasa died in 1560 and his crown was passed to his three sons in separate turns. King [[Erik XIV]] started an era of expansion when the Swedish crown took the city of [[Tallinn]] in [[Estonia]] under its protection in 1561. This action contributed to the early stages of the [[Livonian War]] which was a warlike era which lasted for 160 years. In the first phase, Sweden fought for the lordship of Estonia and [[Latvia]] against Denmark, Poland and Russia. The common people of Finland suffered because of drafts, high taxes, and abuse by military personnel. This resulted in the [[Cudgel War]] of 1596–1597, a desperate peasant rebellion, which was suppressed brutally and bloodily. A peace treaty (the [[Treaty of Teusina]]) with Russia in 1595 moved the border of Finland further to the east and north, very roughly where the modern border lies.

An important part of the 16th-century history of Finland was growth of the area settled by the farming population. The crown encouraged farmers from the province of [[Savonia (historical province)|Savonia]] to settle the vast wilderness regions in Middle Finland. This often forced the original [[Sami people|Sami]] population to leave. Some of the wilderness settled was traditional hunting and fishing territory of [[Karelia]]n hunters. During the 1580s, this resulted in a bloody guerrilla warfare between the Finnish settlers and Karelians in some regions, especially in [[Ostrobothnia (historical province)|Ostrobothnia]].