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Harold Pinter
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===As screenwriter=== Pinter composed 27 screenplays and film scripts for cinema and television, many of which were filmed, or adapted as stage plays.<ref>{{cite news |url=https://www.independent.co.uk/arts-entertainment/films/features/harold-pinter-true-star-of-the-screen-1212438.html |title=Harold Pinter: True star of the screen |first=Geoffrey |last=MacNab |work=[[The Independent]] |date=27 December 2008 |publisher=[[Independent News & Media|INM]] |location=London |issn=0951-9467 |oclc=185201487 |access-date=29 June 2011 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110624013629/http://www.independent.co.uk/arts-entertainment/films/features/harold-pinter-true-star-of-the-screen-1212438.html |archive-date=24 June 2011 |url-status=dead}}</ref> His fame as a screenwriter began with his three screenplays written for films directed by [[Joseph Losey]], leading to their close friendship: ''[[The Servant (1963 film)|The Servant]]'' (1963), based on the novel by [[Robin Maugham]]; ''[[Accident (1967 film)|Accident]]'' (1967), adapted from the novel by [[Nicholas Mosley]]; and ''[[The Go-Between (1971 film)|The Go-Between]]'' (1971), based on the novel by [[L. P. Hartley]].<ref>{{cite news |first=Jeff |last=Dawson |url=http://www.lexisnexis.com/uk/nexis/results/listview/listview.do?risb=21_T12277901740&startDocNo=1&sort=null&format=GNBEXLIST&dateSelector=All&segSpecifyDate=Date&day1=&month1=&year1=&day2=&month2=&year2=&numericUnit=1&calendarUnit=days&BCT=G1 |title=Open Your Eyes to These Cult Classics |work=[[The Sunday Times]] archived at LexisNexis |date=21 June 2009 |page=10 |publisher=[[News International]] |location=London |url-access=subscription}}</ref> Films based on Pinter's adaptations of his own stage plays are: ''[[The Caretaker (play)|The Caretaker]]'' (1963), directed by [[Clive Donner]]; ''[[The Birthday Party (1968 film)|The Birthday Party]]'' (1968), directed by [[William Friedkin]]; ''[[The Homecoming (film)|The Homecoming]]'' (1973), directed by Peter Hall; and ''[[Betrayal (1983 film)|Betrayal]]'' (1983), directed by [[David Jones (director)|David Jones]]. Pinter also adapted other writers' novels to screenplays, including ''[[The Pumpkin Eater]]'' (1964), based on the novel by [[Penelope Mortimer]], directed by [[Jack Clayton]]; ''[[The Quiller Memorandum]]'' (1966), from the 1965 spy novel ''The Berlin Memorandum'', by [[Elleston Trevor]], directed by [[Michael Anderson (director)|Michael Anderson]]; ''[[The Last Tycoon (1976 film)|The Last Tycoon]]'' (1976), from the unfinished novel by [[F. Scott Fitzgerald]], directed by [[Elia Kazan]]; ''[[The French Lieutenant's Woman (film)|The French Lieutenant's Woman]]'' (1981), from the novel by [[John Fowles]], directed by [[Karel Reisz]]; ''[[Turtle Diary]]'' (1985), based on the novel by [[Russell Hoban]]; ''The Heat of the Day'' (1988), a television film, from the 1949 novel by [[Elizabeth Bowen]]; ''[[The Comfort of Strangers (film)|The Comfort of Strangers]]'' (1990), from the novel by [[Ian McEwan]], directed by [[Paul Schrader]]; and ''[[The Trial (1993 film)|The Trial]]'' (1993), from the novel by [[Franz Kafka]], directed by David Jones.<ref>{{cite news |url=https://query.nytimes.com/gst/fullpage.html?res=9F0CE1DA1638F937A15752C1A965958260 |title=Kafka's Sinister World by Way of Pinter |first=Janet |last=Maslin |work=[[The New York Times]] |date=24 November 1993 |location=New York City |issn=0362-4331 |access-date=3 July 2011}}</ref> His commissioned screenplays of others' works for the films ''[[The Handmaid's Tale (film)|The Handmaid's Tale]]'' (1990), ''[[The Remains of the Day (film)|The Remains of the Day]]'' (1990), and ''[[Lolita (1997 film)|Lolita]]'' (1997), remain unpublished and in the case of the latter two films, uncredited, though several scenes from or aspects of his scripts were used in these finished films.<ref>Hudgins 132–39.</ref> His screenplays ''[[Remembrance of Things Past (play)|The Proust Screenplay]]'' (1972), ''Victory'' (1982), and ''[[The Dreaming Child (screenplay by Harold Pinter)|The Dreaming Child]]'' (1997) and his unpublished screenplay ''[[The Tragedy of King Lear (screenplay by Harold Pinter)|The Tragedy of King Lear]]'' (2000) have not been filmed.<ref>Gale, "Appendix A: Quick Reference", ''Sharp Cut'' 416–17.</ref> A section of Pinter's ''Proust Screenplay'' was, however, released as the 1984 film ''[[In Search of Lost Time#Adaptations|Swann in Love]]'' (''Un amour de Swann''), directed by [[Volker Schlöndorff]], and it was also adapted by [[Michael Bakewell]] as a two-hour radio drama broadcast on [[BBC Radio 3]] in 1995,<ref>Baker and Ross xxxiii.</ref> before Pinter and director Di Trevis collaborated to adapt it for the 2000 National Theatre production.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.haroldpinter.org/plays/plays_remembrance.shtml |title=Remembrance of Things Past, Cottesloe Theatre, London, November 2000 |work=haroldpinter.org |access-date=1 July 2009 |editor=Batty, Mark |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110613214134/http://www.haroldpinter.org/plays/plays_remembrance.shtml |archive-date=13 June 2011 |url-status=dead}}</ref> Pinter's last filmed screenplay was an adaptation of the 1970 [[Tony Award]]-winning play ''[[Sleuth (play)|Sleuth]]'', by [[Anthony Shaffer (writer)|Anthony Shaffer]], which was commissioned by [[Jude Law]], one of the film's producers.<ref name=Lyall/> It is the basis for the 2007 film ''[[Sleuth (2007 film)|Sleuth]]'', directed by [[Kenneth Branagh]].<ref name=Lyall/><ref name=Levy1>{{cite web |first=Emanuel |last=Levey |author-link=Emanuel Levy |url=http://www.emanuellevy.com/interview/sleuth-with-pinter-branagh-law-and-caine-3/ |title=Interviews: Sleuth with Pinter, Branagh, Law and Caine |work=emanuellevy.com |date=29 August 2007 |access-date=31 January 2011 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110515140851/http://www.emanuellevy.com/interview/sleuth-with-pinter-branagh-law-and-caine-3/ |archive-date=15 May 2011 |url-status=dead}}</ref><ref name=Levy2>{{cite web |first=Emanuel |last=Levey |author-link=Emanuel Levy |url=http://www.emanuellevy.com/article.php?articleID=6636 |title=Sleuth 2007: Remake or Revamping of Old Play |work=emanuellevy.com |date=29 August 2007 |access-date=31 January 2011 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20071009180537/http://www.emanuellevy.com/article.php?articleID=6636 |archive-date=9 October 2007}}</ref> Pinter's screenplays for ''[[The French Lieutenant's Woman (film)|The French Lieutenant's Woman]]'' and ''Betrayal'' were nominated for [[Academy Award]]s in 1981 and 1983, respectively.<ref>Gale, "Appendix B: Honors and Awards for Screenwriting", ''Sharp Cut'' (n. pag.) [418].</ref>
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