Editing Fujian (section)

=== Qing dynasty ===
The late Ming and early [[Qing dynasty]] symbolized an era of a large influx of refugees and another 20 years of sea trade ban under the [[Kangxi Emperor]], a measure intended to counter the [[Kingdom of Tungning|refuge Ming government]] of [[Koxinga]] in the [[island of Taiwan]].

The sea ban implemented by the Qing forced many people to evacuate the coast to deprive Koxinga's Ming loyalists of resources. This has led to the myth that it was because Manchus were "afraid of water".

Incoming refugees did not translate into a major labor force, owing to their re-migration into prosperous regions of [[Guangdong]]. In 1683, the Qing dynasty conquered Taiwan in the [[Battle of Penghu]] and annexed it into Fujian province, as [[Taiwan Prefecture]]. Many more [[Han Chinese]] then settled in Taiwan. Today, most Taiwanese are descendants of [[Hokkien people]] from Southern Fujian. Fujian and Taiwan were originally treated as one province ([[Fujian-Taiwan-Province]]), but starting in 1885, they split into two separate provinces.<ref>{{cite book|last1=Skinner|first1=George William|last2=Baker|first2=Hugh D. R. |title=The City in late imperial China |year=1977 |publisher=Stanford University Press|isbn=978-0-8047-0892-0 |page=197}}</ref>

In the 1890s, the Qing ceded Taiwan to Japan via the [[Treaty of Shimonoseki]] after the [[First Sino-Japanese War]]. In 1905–1907 Japan made overtures to enlarge its sphere of influence to include Fujian. Japan was trying to obtain French loans and also avoid the [[Open Door Policy]]. Paris provided loans on condition that Japan respects the Open Door principles and does not violate China's territorial integrity.<ref>Seung-young Kim,  "Open Door or Sphere of Influence?: The Diplomacy of the Japanese–French Entente and Fukien Question, 1905–1907." ''International History Review'' 41#1 (2019): 105-129; see also [https://networks.h-net.org/node/28443/discussions/5408203/h-diplo-article-review-904-%E2%80%9Copen-door-or-sphere-influence Review by Noriko Kawamura in H-DIPLO.] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220124105420/https://networks.h-net.org/node/28443/discussions/5408203/h-diplo-article-review-904-%E2%80%9Copen-door-or-sphere-influence |date=January 24, 2022 }}</ref>