Editing Flood (section)

=== Economic impacts ===
The primary effects of flooding include [[death|loss of life]] and damage to buildings and other structures, including bridges, [[sewerage]] systems, roadways, and canals. The economic impacts caused by flooding can be severe.<ref name=":12" />

Every year flooding causes countries billions of dollars worth of damage that threatens the livelihood of individuals.<ref name=":7">{{Cite journal |last1=Morrison |first1=A. |last2=Westbrook |first2=C.J. |last3=Noble |first3=B.F. |year=2018 |title=A review of the flood risk management governance and resilience literature |journal=Journal of Flood Risk Management |volume=11 |issue=3 |pages=291–304 |doi=10.1111/jfr3.12315 |bibcode=2018JFRM...11..291M |s2cid=134055424|doi-access=free }}</ref> As a result, there is also significant socio-economic threats to vulnerable populations around the world from flooding.<ref name=":7" /> For example, in Bangladesh in 2007, a flood was responsible for the destruction of more than one million houses. And yearly in the United States, floods cause over $7 billion in damage.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Society |first=National Geographic |date=2011-11-07 |title=flood |url=http://www.nationalgeographic.org/encyclopedia/flood/ |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160521213028/http://nationalgeographic.org/encyclopedia/flood/ |url-status=dead |archive-date=May 21, 2016 |access-date=2022-03-10 |website=National Geographic Society |language=en }}</ref>
[[File:2foot mud.jpg|thumb|Mud was deposited in this house by flooding in the [[2018 Kerala floods]] in India. Flooding not only creates water damage, but can also deposit large amounts of sediment.]]Flood waters typically inundate farm land, making the land unworkable and preventing crops from being planted or harvested, which can lead to shortages of food both for humans and farm animals. Entire harvests for a country can be lost in extreme flood circumstances. Some tree species may not survive prolonged flooding of their root systems.<ref>Stephen Bratkovich, Lisa Burban, et al., [http://www.na.fs.fed.us/spfo/pubs/n_resource/flood/cover.htm "Flooding and its Effects on Trees"] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160614132703/http://www.na.fs.fed.us/spfo/pubs/n_resource/flood/cover.htm |date=2016-06-14 }}, [[USDA Forest Service]], Northeastern Area State and Private Forestry, St. Paul, MN, September 1993</ref>

Flooding in areas where people live also has significant economic implications for affected neighborhoods. In the [[United States]], industry experts estimate that wet basements can lower property values by 10–25 percent and are cited among the top reasons for not purchasing a home.<ref>Center for Neighborhood Technology, Chicago IL [http://www.cnt.org/resources/the-prevalence-and-cost-of-urban-flooding/ "The Prevalence and Cost of Urban Flooding"], May 2013</ref> According to the U.S. [[Federal Emergency Management Agency]] (FEMA), almost 40 percent of small businesses never reopen their doors following a flooding disaster.<ref>[https://archive.today/20130917193030/http://www.fema.gov/protecting-yourbusinesses "Protecting Your Businesses"], last updated March 2013</ref> In the United States, [[National Flood Insurance Program|insurance]] is available against flood damage to both homes and businesses.<ref name="NFIP">{{cite web |title=National Flood Insurance Program |url=https://www.floodsmart.gov/floodsmart/ |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20161222100205/https://www.floodsmart.gov/floodsmart/ |archive-date=2016-12-22 |access-date=2015-07-06 |website=FloodSmart.gov}}</ref>

Economic hardship due to a temporary decline in tourism, rebuilding costs, or food shortages leading to price increases is a common after-effect of severe flooding. The impact on those affected may cause psychological damage to those affected, in particular where deaths, serious injuries and loss of property occur.