Editing Exile (section)

===Literature===
In ancient Rome, the Roman Senate had the power to declare the exile to individuals, families or even entire regions. One of the Roman victims was the poet [[Ovid]], who lived during the reign of [[Augustus]]. He was forced to leave Rome and move away to the city of Tomis on the Black Sea, now [[Constanța]]. There he wrote his famous work ''Tristia'' (Sorrows) about his bitter feelings in exile.<ref>{{cite news|title=Tristia by Ovid – high drama and hoax|url= https://www.theguardian.com/books/2015/aug/21/tristia-by-ovid-high-drama-and-hoax|newspaper=The Guardian|date= 2015-08-21|last1= Baggott|first1= Sophie}}</ref>
Another, at least in a temporary exile, was [[Dante]].

The German-language writer [[Franz Kafka]] described the exile of Karl Rossmann in the posthumously published novel {{lang|de|[[Amerika (novel)|Amerika]]}}.<ref>Cf. an unabridged reading by [[Sven Regener]]: ''Amerika'', Roof Music, Bochum 2014.</ref>

During the period of National Socialism in the first few years after 1933, many Jews, as well as a significant number of German artists and intellectuals fled into exile; for instance, the authors [[Klaus Mann]] and [[Anna Seghers]]. So Germany's own exile literature emerged and received worldwide credit.<ref>See Martin Mauthner: ''German Writers in French Exile, 1933–1940'', Vallentine Mitchell, London 2007, {{ISBN|978-0-85303-540-4}}.</ref> Klaus Mann finished his novel {{lang|de|Der Vulkan}} (''The Volcano: A Novel Among Emigrants'') in 1939<ref>which he started in September 1936, when he came to New York. Cf. Jan Patocka in: ''Escape to Life. German Intellectuals in New York. A Compendium on Exile after 1933'', ed. by Eckart Goebel/Sigrid Weigel. De Gruyter, Berlin/Boston 2012, p. 354. {{ISBN|978-3-11-025867-7}}</ref> describing the German exile scene, "to bring the rich, scattered and murky experience of exile into epic form",<ref>Cf. Klaus Mann: ''Der Wendepunkt. Ein Lebensbericht''. (1949), Frankfurt am Main 2006, p. 514.</ref> as he wrote in his literary balance sheet. At the same place and in the same year, Anna Seghers published her famous novel {{lang|de|Das siebte Kreuz}} (''[[The Seventh Cross]]'', published in the United States in 1942).

Important exile literature in recent years include that of the Caribbean, many of whose artists emigrated to Europe or the United States for political or economic reasons. These writers include Nobel Prize winners [[V. S. Naipaul]] and [[Derek Walcott]] as well as the novelists [[Edwidge Danticat]] and [[Sam Selvon]].<ref>{{cite journal |doi=10.1080/14788810.2016.1220790 |title=Forms of Exile: Experimental Self-Positioning in Postcolonial Caribbean Poetry |journal=Atlantic Studies |volume=13 |issue=4 |pages=457–471 |year=2016 |last1=Müller |first1=Timo |s2cid=152181840 }}</ref>