Editing Eminent domain (section)

====England and Wales====
{{main|Compulsory purchase in England and Wales}}
After his victory in 1066, [[William the Conqueror]] seized virtually all land in England. Although he maintained absolute power over the land, he granted [[fief]]s to landholders who served as stewards, paying fees and providing military services. During the [[Hundred Years' War]] in the 14th century, [[Edward III of England|Edward III]] used the Crown's right of [[purveyance]] for massive expropriations. Chapter 28 of [[Magna Carta]] required that immediate cash payment be made for expropriations. As the king's power was broken down in the ensuing centuries, tenants were regarded as holding ownership rights rather than merely possessory rights over their land. In 1427, a statute was passed granting commissioners of sewers in [[Lincolnshire]] the power to take land without compensation. After the early 16th century, however, Parliamentary takings of land for roads, bridges, etc. generally did require compensation. The common practice was to pay 10% more than the assessed value. However, as the voting franchise was expanded to include more non-landowners, the bonus was eliminated. In spite of contrary statements found in some American law, in the United Kingdom, compulsory purchase valuation cases were tried by juries well into the 20th century, such as ''[[Attorney-General v De Keyser's Royal Hotel Ltd]]'' (1919).

In [[England and Wales]], and other jurisdictions that follow the principles of [[English law]], the related term compulsory purchase is used. The landowner is compensated with a price agreed or stipulated by an appropriate person. Where agreement on price cannot be achieved, the value of the taken land is determined by the [[Upper Tribunal]]. The operative law is a patchwork of statutes and case law. The principal acts are the [[Lands Clauses Consolidation Act 1845]] ([[8 & 9 Vict.]] c. 18),<ref>{{Cite legislation UK |type=act |year=1845 |chapter=18 |act=Land Clauses Consolidation Act 1845}}</ref> the [[Land Compensation Act 1961]], the [[Compulsory Purchase Act 1965]], the [[Land Compensation Act 1973]],<ref>{{Cite legislation UK |type=act |year=1973 |chapter=26 |act=Land Compensation Act 1973}}</ref> the [[Acquisition of Land Act 1981]], part IX of the [[Town and Country Planning Act 1990]], the [[Planning and Compensation Act 1991]], and the [[Planning and Compulsory Purchase Act 2004]].