Editing Economy of Cyprus (section)

== Happiness ==
Economic factors such as the GDP and national income strongly correlate with the [[Happiness economics|happiness]] of a nation's citizens.<ref>{{Cite journal|last1=Tella|first1=Rafael Di|last2=MacCulloch|first2=Robert J.|last3=Oswald|first3=Andrew J.|date=November 2003|title=The Macroeconomics of Happiness|journal=Review of Economics and Statistics|volume=85|issue=4|pages=809–827|doi=10.1162/003465303772815745|issn=0034-6535|citeseerx=10.1.1.11.3175|s2cid=1914665}}</ref> In a study published in 2005,<ref>{{Cite journal|last1=Blanchflower|first1=David G.|last2=Oswald|first2=Andrew J.|date=September 2005|title=Happiness and the Human Development Index: The Paradox of Australia|journal=The Australian Economic Review|volume=38|issue=3|pages=307–318|doi=10.1111/j.1467-8462.2005.00377.x|issn=0004-9018|url=http://wrap.warwick.ac.uk/318/1/WRAP_Oswald_ausbloswald2005.pdf |archive-url=https://ghostarchive.org/archive/20221009/http://wrap.warwick.ac.uk/318/1/WRAP_Oswald_ausbloswald2005.pdf |archive-date=2022-10-09 |url-status=live}}</ref> citizens from a sample of countries were asked to rate how happy or unhappy they were as a whole on a scale of 1 to 7 (Ranking: 1. Completely happy, 2. Very happy, 3. Fairly happy,4. Neither happy nor unhappy, 5. Fairly unhappy, 6. Very unhappy, 7. Completely unhappy.) Cyprus had a score of 5.29. On the question of how satisfied citizens were with their main job, Cyprus scored 5.36 on a scale of 1 to 7 (Ranking: 1. Completely satisfied, 2. Very satisfied, 3. Fairly satisfied, 4. Neither satisfied nor dissatisfied, 5. Fairly dissatisfied, 6. Very dissatisfied, 7. Completely dissatisfied.) In another ranking of happiness, Northern Cyprus ranks 58 and Cyprus ranks 61, according to the 2018 World Happiness Report.<ref>{{Cite news|url=http://worldhappiness.report/ed/2018/|title=World Happiness Report 2018|last=Report|first=World Happiness|date=14 March 2018|work=World Happiness Report|access-date=4 May 2018}}</ref> The report rates 156 countries based on variables including income, healthy life expectancy, social support, freedom, trust, and generosity.

Economic factors play a significant role in the general life satisfaction of Cyprus citizens, especially with women who participate in the [[labor force]] at a lower rate, work in lower ranks, and work in more public and service sector jobs than the men.<ref>{{cite journal|jstor=24720448|title=Factors that Influence the Life Satisfaction of Women Living in the Northern Cyprus|journal=Social Indicators Research|volume=115|issue=3|pages=1071–1085|last1=Gokdemir|first1=Ozge|last2=Tahsin|first2=Emine|year=2014|doi=10.1007/s11205-013-0265-3|s2cid=144546661}}</ref> Women of different skill-sets and "differing economic objectives and constraints" participate in the tourism industry.<ref>{{Cite book|title=Gender, work, and tourism|date=1997|publisher=Routledge|others=Sinclair, M. Thea.|isbn=978-0415109857|location=London|oclc=36350641|url-access=registration|url=https://archive.org/details/genderworktouris0000unse}}</ref> Women participate in this industry through jobs like hotel work to serve and/or bring pride to their family, not necessarily to satisfy their own selves. In this study, women with income higher than the mean household income reported higher levels of satisfaction with their lives while those with lower income reported the opposite. When asked who they compare themselves with (those with lower, same, or higher economic status), results showed that those that compared themselves with people of higher economic statuses than them had the lowest level of life satisfaction. While the correlation of income and happiness is positive, it is significantly low; there is stronger correlation between comparison and happiness. This indicates that not only income level but income level in relation to that of others affects their amount of life satisfaction.

Classified as a Mediterranean welfare regime,<ref>{{Cite journal|last=Trifiletti|first=Rossana|title=Southern European Welfare Regimes and the Worsening Position of Women|journal=Journal of European Social Policy|volume=9|pages=49–64|doi=10.1177/095892879900900103|year=1999|s2cid=154553964}}</ref><ref>{{Cite journal|last=Gal|first=John|title=Is there an extended family of Mediterranean welfare states?|journal=Journal of European Social Policy |volume=20 |issue=4 |year=2010 |pages=283–300|doi=10.1177/0958928710374374|s2cid=154681675}}</ref> Cyprus has a weak public Welfare system. This means there is a strong reliance on the family, instead of the state, for both familial and economic support.<ref>{{Cite journal|last1=Aassve|first1=Arnstein|last2=Goisis|first2=Alice|last3=Sironi|first3=Maria|date=1 August 2012|title=Happiness and Childbearing Across Europe|journal=Social Indicators Research|volume=108|issue=1|pages=65–86|doi=10.1007/s11205-011-9866-x|s2cid=18133359|issn=0303-8300|url=http://discovery.ucl.ac.uk/1490241/1/Aassve_AAM_happiness_and_childbearing_across_europe.pdf |archive-url=https://ghostarchive.org/archive/20221009/http://discovery.ucl.ac.uk/1490241/1/Aassve_AAM_happiness_and_childbearing_across_europe.pdf |archive-date=2022-10-09 |url-status=live}}</ref> Another finding is that being a full-time housewife has a stronger negative effect on happiness for women of Northern Cyprus than being unemployed, showing how the combination of gender and the economic factor of participating in the labor force affects life satisfaction. Economic factors also negatively correlate with the happiness levels of those that live in the capital city: citizens living in the capital express lower levels of happiness.<ref>{{Cite journal|last=Piper|first=Alan T.|date=1 August 2015|title=Europe's Capital Cities and the Happiness Penalty: An Investigation Using the European Social Survey|journal=Social Indicators Research|volume=123|issue=1|pages=103–126|doi=10.1007/s11205-014-0725-4|s2cid=53402465|issn=0303-8300|url=https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/47793/1/MPRA_paper_47793.pdf |archive-url=https://ghostarchive.org/archive/20221009/https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/47793/1/MPRA_paper_47793.pdf |archive-date=2022-10-09 |url-status=live}}</ref>  As found in this study, citizens of Cyprus that live in its capital, Nicosia, are significantly less happy than others whether or not socio-economic variables are controlled for. Another finding was that the young people in the capital are unhappier than the rest of Cyprus; the old are not.