Editing Derry (section)

====The civil rights movement====
Derry was a focal point for the nascent civil rights movement in Northern Ireland.

[[File:Bogside Derry SMC 2005.jpg|thumb|right|Bogside area viewed from the walls]]
Catholics were discriminated against under Unionist government in Northern Ireland, both politically and economically.<ref>{{cite book |title=Explaining Northern Ireland: Broken Images |first1=John |last1=McGarry |author1-link=John McGarry |first2=Brendan |last2=O'Leary |author2-link=Brendan O'Leary |date=1995 |publisher=[[Wiley-Blackwell]] |isbn=9780631183495 |pages=205–206}}</ref><ref>{{cite book |title=Race and Inequality: World Perspectives on Affirmative Action |first=Elaine |last=Kennedy-Dubourdieu |date=2006 |publisher=[[Routledge]] |isbn=9780754648390 |page=108}}</ref><ref>{{cite book |title=The Irish Catholic Diaspora in America |edition=Revised, updated |first=Lawrence John |last=McCaffrey |date=1997 |orig-date=1976 |publisher=[[Catholic University of America Press]] |isbn=9780813208961 |page=168}}</ref><ref name="DiscrimChron">{{cite web |url=http://cain.ulst.ac.uk/issues/discrimination/chron.htm |title=Discrimination – Chronology of Important Events |access-date=13 February 2010 |date=6 January 2009 |work=CAIN.Ulst.ac.uk |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120205030810/http://cain.ulst.ac.uk/issues/discrimination/chron.htm |archive-date=5 February 2012 |url-status=live}}</ref> In the late 1960s the city became the flashpoint of disputes about institutional [[gerrymandering]]. [[Political science|Political scientist]] [[John Henry Whyte|John Whyte]] explains that:<ref>{{cite book |last=Whyte |first=John |title=Contemporary Irish Studies |editor=Gallagher, Tom |editor2=O'Connell, James |publisher=[[Manchester University Press]] |date=1983 |chapter=How much discrimination was there under the unionist regime, 1921–68? |isbn=978-0-7190-0919-8 |url=http://cain.ulst.ac.uk/issues/discrimination/whyte.htm#chap1 |access-date=18 August 2008 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110514131114/http://cain.ulst.ac.uk/issues/discrimination/whyte.htm#chap1 |archive-date=14 May 2011 |url-status=live}}</ref>

{{blockquote|
All the accusations of gerrymandering, practically all the complaints about housing and regional policy and a disproportionate amount of the charges about public and private employment come from this area. The area – which consisted of Counties Tyrone and Fermanagh, Londonderry County Borough and portions of Counties Londonderry and Armagh – had less than a quarter of the total population of Northern Ireland yet generated not far short of three-quarters of the complaints of discrimination...The unionist government must bear its share of responsibility. It put through the original gerrymander, which underpinned so many of the subsequent malpractices, and then, despite repeated protests, did nothing to stop those malpractices continuing. The most serious charge against the Northern Ireland government is not that it was directly responsible for widespread discrimination, but that it allowed discrimination on such a scale over a substantial segment of Northern Ireland.}}

A [[civil rights]] demonstration in 1968 led by the [[Northern Ireland Civil Rights Association]] was banned by the Government and blocked using force by the [[Royal Ulster Constabulary]].<ref name="DiscrimChron" /> The events that followed the August 1969 [[Apprentice Boys]] parade resulted in the [[Battle of the Bogside]], when Catholic rioters fought the police, leading to widespread civil disorder in Northern Ireland and is often dated as the starting point of [[the Troubles]].

On Sunday 30 January 1972, 13 unarmed civilians were shot dead by British paratroopers during a civil rights march in the [[Bogside]] area. Another 13 were wounded and one further man later died of his wounds. This event came to be known as [[Bloody Sunday (Northern Ireland 1972)|Bloody Sunday]].