Editing Demographics of Switzerland (section)

== Nationality ==
{{Further|Swiss people|Immigration to Switzerland}}
[[Image:Switzerland demography 1970-2005.png|thumb|450px|right|The population of Switzerland 1970–2005. Data from Swiss Federal Statistical Office 2005; number of inhabitants in thousands.]]
[[File:Population pyramid of Switzerland in 2021 by citizenship.svg|thumb|Population pyramid of Switzerland in 2021 by citizenship]]
Unlike many other [[OECD]] countries, the Swiss Federal Statistical Office does not collect any data on [[racial identity]] or [[ethnic identity]].<ref>https://www.oecd.org/officialdocuments/publicdisplaydocumentpdf/?cote=SDD/DOC(2018)9&docLanguage=En#page=50 {{Bare URL PDF|date=March 2022}}</ref> Data is collected on country of birth, but as the OECD write "In general, collecting migration-related information on the foreign-born population and their children is a crude method for capturing diversity."

Encompassing the [[Central Alps]], [[Switzerland]] sits at the crossroads of several major European cultures. Its population includes a two-thirds majority of [[Alemannic German]] speakers and a one-quarter [[Romance languages|Latin]] minority (French, Italian and [[Romansh language|Romansh]]), see [[linguistic geography of Switzerland]]. 10% of the population natively speak an immigrant language.

Switzerland consistently ranks high on [[quality of life]] indices, including per capita income, concentration of computer and [[internet]] usage per capita, insurance coverage per individual, and health care rates. For these and many other reasons, such as the four languages, it serves as an excellent test market for businesses hoping to introduce new products into Europe.

===Permanent residents by nationality===
The number of registered resident foreigners was 1,001,887 (16.17%) in 1970. This amount decreased to 904,337 (14.34%) in 1979, and has increased steadily since that time, passing the 20% mark during 2001 and rising to 1,524,663 (20.56%) in 2004. The number of Swiss citizens thus numbered about 5.9 million in that year.

In 2013 there were a total of 1,937,447 permanent residents (23.8% of the total population of 8.14 million) in Switzerland. Of these, 1.65 million resident foreigners (85.0%, or 20.2% of the 8.14 million total population),<ref>[http://www.bfs.admin.ch/bfs/portal/de/index/themen/01/01/key.html Bevölkerung - Die wichtigsten Zahlen] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140927025255/http://www.bfs.admin.ch/bfs/portal/de/index/themen/01/01/key.html|date=27 September 2014}} Swiss Federal Statistical Office, accessed 6 October 2014</ref><ref name="Auslander">[https://www.bfs.admin.ch/bfs/de/home/statistiken/bevoelkerung/migration-integration/auslaendische-bevoelkerung.assetdetail.18344247.html Ständige ausländische Wohnbevölkerung nach Staatsangehörigkeit, 1980-2020] Swiss Federal Statistical Office, accessed 16 July 2022</ref> had European citizenship (Italian: 298,875; German: 292,291; Portuguese: 253,227; French: 110,103; Serbian: 90,704; Kosovan: 86,976; Spanish: 75,333, Macedonian: 62,633; British: 40,898; Austrian: 39,494; Bosnian and Herzegovinian: 33,002; Croatian: 30,471). From other continents; 122,941 residents were from Asia; 83,873 from Africa; 78,433 from the Americas; and 4,145 from Oceania.<ref name="Auslander" />

The following chart shows permanent resident numbers from selected regions and countries every 5 years.

{| class="wikitable sortable"
|-
! Nation || 1980 || 1985 || 1990 || 1995 || 2000 || 2005 || 2010 || 2015 || 2020
|-
| Total || 913,497 || 960,674 || 1,127,109 || 1,363,590 || 1,424,370 || 1,541,912 || 1,766,277 || 2,048,667 || 2,210,788
|-
| Europe || 859,054 || 892,748 || 1,036,760 || 1,238,937 || 1,261,975 || 1,334,590 || 1,504,943 || 1,733,255 || 1,831,923
|-
| Africa || 10,539 || 13,130 || 20,291 || 28,800 || 37,618 || 48,081 || 71,527 || 93,814 || 113,647
|-
| Americas || 20,838 || 23,438 || 29,149 || 38,585 || 49,687 || 61,732 || 74,511 || 78,773 || 83,591
|-
| North America || 12,182 || 12,394 || 13,775 || 16,140 || 18,952 || 21,004 || 25,590 || 26,271 || 26,249
|-
| Latin America and Caribbean || 8,656 || 11,044 || 15,374 || 22,445 || 30,735 || 40,728 || 48,921 || 52,502 || 57,342
|-
| Asia || 21,569 || 29,772 || 38,921 || 54,914 || 72,002 || 94,009 || 110,549 || 136,789 || 174,976
|-
| Oceania || 1,260 || 1,326 || 1,728 || 1,999 || 2,829 || 3,242 || 3,990 || 4,230 || 4,187
|-
|
|-
| [[German immigration to Switzerland|Germany]] || 87,389 || 82,143 || 84,485 || 91,976 || 109,785 || 158,651 || 263,271 || 300,691 || 309,459
|-
| Spain || 98,098 || 109,232 || 116,987 || 102,320 || 84,266 || 72,167 || 64,126 || 82,334 || 86,220
|-
| France || 48,002 || 48,948 || 51,729 || 55,407 || 61,688 || 70,901 || 95,643 || 122,970 || 145,461
|-
| [[Italian immigration to Switzerland|Italy]] || 423,008 || 394,812 || 381,493 || 361,892 || 321,795 || 297,917 || 287,130 || 311,742 || 325,348
|-
| Austria || 31,986 || 29,417 || 29,123 || 28,454 || 29,191 || 33,069 || 37,013 || 41,145 || 44,252
|-
| Portugal || 10,863 || 31,029 || 86,035 || 135,646 || 135,449 || 167,857 || 212,586 || 267,474 || 257,691
|-
| United Kingdom || 16,050 || 17,482 || 18,269 || 20,030 || 22,309 || 26,425 || 37,273 || 41,766 || 42,749
|-
| Croatia || - || - || - || 42,582 || 43,876 || 40,709 || 33,507 || 29,355 || 27,928
|-
| Serbia and Montenegro || - || - || - || - || 190,940 || 196,833 || - || - || -
|- 
| [[Serbs in Switzerland|Serbia]] || - || - || - || - || - || - || 121,908 || 71,260 || 61,933
|-
| Montenegro || - || - || - || - || - || - || 2,022 || 2,536 || 2,523
|-
| Kosovo || - || - || - || - || - || - || 58,755 || 106,879 || 113,660
|-
| Bosnia and Herzegovina || - || - || - || 24,748 || 45,111 || 43,354 || 35,513 || 31,905 || 28,756
|-
| North Macedonia || - || - || - || 39,540 || 56,092 || 60,898 || 60,116 || 64,448 || 67,745
|-
| Albania  || 15 || 17 || 29 || 576 || 1,093 || 1,218 || 1,308 || 1,590 || 2,644
|-
| Sri Lanka || 373 || 808 || 2,840 || 9,841 || 20,215 || 31,865 || 28,963 || 27,667 || 28,728
|-
| Iraq || 352 || 378 || 454 || 771 || 2,046 || 3,257 || 7,553 || 7,092 || 8,769
|-
| [[Turks in Switzerland|Turkey]] || 38,353 || 51,206 || 64,899 || 79,372 || 80,165 || 75,903 || 71,835 || 69,215 || 68,049
|}

===Naturalization===
In 2004, 35,700 people acquired Swiss citizenship according to [[Swiss nationality law]], a figure slightly larger than that of the previous year (35,424), and four times larger than the 1990 figure (8,658). About a third of those naturalized are from a successor state of [[former Yugoslavia]]: 7,900 Serbia-Montenegro, 2,400 Bosnia-Herzegovina, 2,000 North Macedonia, 1,600 Croatia. 4,200 were from Italy, 3,600 from Turkey, 1,600 from Sri Lanka, 1,200 from Portugal, and 1,200 from France.<ref>{{cite web| url = http://www.bfs.admin.ch/bfs/portal/de/index/news/publikationen.Document.66633.pdf| title = Swiss Federal Statistics Office}}</ref>

The yearly rate of naturalization has quintupled over the 1990s and 2000s, from roughly 9,000 to 45,000. Relative to the population of resident foreigners, this amounts to an increase from 8% in 1990 to 27% in 2007,{{clarify|date=November 2014}} or relative to the number of Swiss citizens from 1.6% in 1990 to 7.3% in 2007.{{clarify|date=November 2014}}

The following table shows the historical development of naturalization from selected countries.<ref>[http://www.bfs.admin.ch/bfs/portal/de/index/themen/01/07/blank/data/04.html Federal Office of Statistics - Erwerb des Schweizer Bürgerrechts nach früherer Staatsangehörigkeit] accessed 17 October 2014</ref>
{| class="wikitable sortable" style="text-align:right"
|-
! Origin || 1981 || 1985 || 1990 || 1995 || 2000 || 2001 || 2002 || 2003 || 2004 || 2005 || 2006 || 2007 || 2008 || 2009 || 2010 || 2011 || 2012 || 2013
|-
| Total || 14,299 || 14,393 || 8,658 || 16,790 || 28,700 || 27,583 || 36,515 || 35,424 || 35,685 || 38,437 || 46,711 || 43,889 || 44,365 || 43,440 || 39,314 || 36,012 || 33,500 || 34,061
|-
| Europe || 12,978 || 12,349 || 6,970 || 12,592 || 21,975 || 20,969 || 28,102 || 27,558 || 27,728 || 30,109 || 36,087 || 33,771 || 34,879 || 33,795 || 30,458 || 27,769 || 25,778 || 26,457
|-
| Africa || 283 || 341 || 273 || 919 || 1,824 || 1,900 || 2,163 || 1,954 || 1,848 || 2,064 || 2,619 || 2,883 || 2,599 || 2,627 || 2,499 || 2,337 || 2,417 || 2,363
|-
| North America || 171 || 277 || 139 || 230 || 321 || 316 || 376 || 367 || 333 || 336 || 407 || 451 || 371 || 427 || 428 || 410 || 443 || 499
|-
| South America <br />and Caribbean || 245 || 442 || 461 || 777 || 1,554 || 1,528 || 1,790 || 1,749 || 1,626 || 1,478 || 1,859 || 1,921 || 1,675 || 1,802 || 1,587 || 1,613 || 1,407 || 1,609
|-
| Asia || 590 || 928 || 796 || 2,226 || 2,981 || 2,830 || 4,033 || 3,717 || 4,065 || 4,382 || 5,666 || 4,787 || 4,771 || 4,710 || 4,261 || 3,788 || 3,349 || 3,038
|-
| Oceania || 30 || 52 || 12 || 24 || 29 || 27 || 35 || 67 || 73 || 59 || 62 || 61 || 56 || 55 || 58 || 62 || 64 || 66
|-
|
|-
| Italy || 4,665 || 3,259 || 1,995 || 4,376 || 6,652 || 5,386 || 6,633 || 5,085 || 4,196 || 4,032 || 4,502 || 4,629 || 4,921 || 4,804 || 4,111 || 4,033 || 3,998 || 4,379
|-
| Germany || 2,650 || 2,839 || 1,144 || 703 || 646 || 585 || 817 || 670 || 639 || 773 || 1,144 || 1,361 || 3,022 || 4,035 || 3,617 || 3,516 || 3,357 || 3,804
|-
| [[Immigration from the former Yugoslavia to Switzerland|Kosovo]] || || || || || || || || || || || || || || || 1,611 || 2,518 || 2,556 || 2,640
|-
| [[Immigration from the former Yugoslavia to Switzerland|Serbia]] || || || || || || || || || || || || || || || 6,859 || 4,261 || 3,362 || 2,529
|-
| Portugal || 86 || 127 || 170 || 175 || 765 || 779 || 920 || 1,165 || 1,199 || 1,505 || 2,383 || 2,201 || 1,761 || 2,336 || 2,217 || 2,211 || 2,071 || 2,184
|-
| Turkey || 150 || 189 || 211 || 1,205 || 3,127 || 3,116 || 4,128 || 4,216 || 3,565 || 3,467 || 3,457 || 3,044 || 2,866 || 2,593 || 2,091 || 1,852 || 1,638 || 1,622
|-
| France || 1,262 || 1,228 || 684 || 871 || 1,360 || 1,306 || 1,367 || 1,215 || 1,181 || 1,021 || 1,260 || 1,218 || 1,110 || 1,314 || 1,084 || 1,272 || 1,197 || 1,558
|-
| [[Immigration from the former Yugoslavia to Switzerland|North Macedonia]] || || || || 76 || 857 || 1,022 || 1,639 || 1,802 || 1,981 || 2,171 || 2,596 || 2,210 || 2,287 || 1,831 || 1,586 || 1,322 || 1,212 || 1,270
|-
| [[Immigration from the former Yugoslavia to Switzerland|Bosnia and<br /> Herzegovina]] || || || || 112 || 999 || 1,128 || 1,865 || 2,268 || 2,371 || 2,790 || 3,149 || 3,016 || 2,855 || 2,408 || 1,924 || 1,610 || 1,145 || 1,156
|-
| [[Immigration from the former Yugoslavia to Switzerland|Croatia]] || || || || 577 || 970 || 1,045 || 1,638 || 1,565 || 1,616 || 1,681 || 1,837 || 1,660 || 2,046 || 1,599 || 1,483 || 1,268 || 1,195 || 1,118
|-
| Spain || 567 || 643 || 401 || 431 || 851 || 699 || 691 || 800 || 823 || 975 || 1,283 || 1,246 || 1,096 || 1,245 || 1,120 || 1,044 || 1,033 || 1,047
|-
| Sri Lanka || 7 || 104 || 30 || 42 || 375 || 446 || 1,124 || 1,139 || 1,565 || 1,996 || 2,941 || 2,206 || 2,348 || 2,158 || 1,783 || 1,467 || 1,170 || 890
|-
| Iraq || 2 || 8 || 3 || 15 || 40 || 42 || 33 || 54 || 67 || 80 || 139 || 142 || 163 || 190 || 240 || 266 || 399 || 355
|}