Editing Concerto (section)

====For bowed string instrument and orchestra====

=====Violin concerto=====
{{more citations needed|section|date=April 2021}}
{{Main|Violin concerto}}

Baroque era:
* Vivaldi:
** Nos. 3, 6, 9 and 12 of ''[[L'estro armonico]]''
** ''[[La stravaganza]]''
** [[Six Violin Concertos, Op. 6 (Vivaldi)|Six Violin Concertos, Op. 6]]
** Ten of the [[Twelve Concertos, Op. 7 (Vivaldi)|Twelve Concertos, Op. 7]]
** ''[[Il cimento dell'armonia e dell'inventione]]'', which includes ''[[The Four Seasons (Vivaldi)|The Four Seasons]]''
** Five of the [[Six Concertos, Op. 11 (Vivaldi)|Six Concertos, Op. 11]]
** [[Six Violin Concertos, Op. 12 (Vivaldi)|Six Violin Concertos, Op. 12]]
** ''[[Grosso mogul]]''
* Bach:
** [[Violin Concerto in A minor (Bach)|Violin Concerto in A minor]]
** [[Violin Concerto in E major (Bach)|Violin Concerto in E major]]

Classical era:
* Mozart:
** [[Violin Concerto No. 1 (Mozart)|No. 1 in B flat major, K. 207]]
** [[Violin Concerto No. 2 (Mozart)|No. 2 in D major, K. 211]]
** [[Violin Concerto No. 3 (Mozart)|No. 3 in G major, K. 216 (''Straßburg'')]]
** [[Violin Concerto No. 4 (Mozart)|No. 4 in D major, K. 218]]
** [[Violin Concerto No. 5 (Mozart)|No. 5 in A major, K. 219 (''Turkish'')]]

Early Romantic traits can be found in the violin concertos of [[Viotti]], but it is [[Spohr]]'s twelve violin concertos, written between 1802 and 1827, that truly embrace the Romantic spirit with their melodic as well as their dramatic qualities.{{sfn|Brown|1984}}

20th century:
* [[Arnold Schoenberg]]
* [[Igor Stravinsky]]
* [[Alban Berg]]
* [[Bartók]] wrote two concertos for violin.
* Russian composers [[Prokofiev]] and [[Shostakovich]] each wrote two concertos while [[Aram Khachaturian|Khachaturian]] wrote a concerto and a Concerto-Rhapsody for the instrument.
* [[Hindemith]]'s concertos hark back to the forms of the 19th century, even if the harmonic language he used was different.
* Three violin concertos from [[David Diamond (composer)|David Diamond]] show the form in neoclassical style.{{relevance inline|date=April 2021}}
* In 1950 [[Carlos Chávez]] completed a substantial [[Violin Concerto (Chávez)|Violin Concerto]] with an enormous central cadenza for the unaccompanied violin.{{sfn|Brodbeck|2015}}
* [[Dutilleux]]'s ''L'Arbre des songes'' has proved an important addition to the repertoire and a fine example of the composer's atonal yet melodic style.{{relevance inline|date=April 2021}}
* Other composers of major violin concertos include [[John Adams (composer)|John Adams]], [[Samuel Barber]], [[Benjamin Britten]], [[Peter Maxwell Davies]], [[Miguel del Aguila]], [[Philip Glass]], [[Cristóbal Halffter]], [[György Ligeti]], [[Frank Martin (composer)|Frank Martin]], [[Bohuslav Martinů]], [[Carl Nielsen]], [[Walter Piston]], [[Alfred Schnittke]], [[Jean Sibelius]], [[Ralph Vaughan Williams]], [[William Walton]], [[John Williams]] and [[Roger Sessions]].

21st century:
*[[Violin Concerto (Elfman)|Elfman's violin concerto]]{{sfn|Bovermann|2018}}{{relevance inline|date=April 2021}}

=====Viola concerto=====
{{Main|Viola concerto}}

Baroque era:
* [[Viola Concerto in G major (Telemann)]]

Classical era:
* [[Franz Anton Hoffmeister]]
** Viola Concerto in D major
** Viola Concerto in B-flat major
* [[Viola Concerto in D major, Op. 1 (Carl Stamitz)]]<ref>{{cite web | url=https://imslp.org/wiki/Viola_Concerto_in_D_major,_Op.1_(Stamitz,_Carl_Philipp) | title=Viola Concerto in D major, Op.1 (Stamitz, Carl Philipp) - IMSLP: Free Sheet Music PDF Download }}</ref>
* [[Viola Concerto in E♭ major, ICZ 17 (Carl Friedrich Zelter)]]<ref>{{cite web|url=https://imslp.org/wiki/Viola_Concerto_in_E-flat_major_(Zelter%2C_Carl_Friedrich)|title=Viola Concerto in E-flat major (Zelter, Carl Friedrich)|website=imslp.org}}</ref>

20th century:
* [[Viola concerto]]: [[Kalevi Aho|Aho]], [[Malcolm Arnold|Arnold]], [[Viola Concerto (Bartók)|Bartók]], [[Miguel del Aguila|del Aguila]], [[Edison Denisov|Denisov]], [[Renaud Gagneux|Gagneux]], [[Sofia Gubaidulina|Gubaidulina]], [[Paul Hindemith|Hindemith]], [[Giya Kancheli|Kancheli]], [[Bohuslav Martinů|Martinů]], [[Darius Milhaud|Milhaud]], [[Tristan Murail|Murail]], [[Krzysztof Penderecki|Penderecki]], [[Alfred Schnittke|Schnittke]], [[Tōru Takemitsu|Takemitsu]], [[Viola Concerto (Walton)|Walton]]{{citation needed|date=April 2021}}

=====Cello concerto=====
{{more citations needed|section|date=April 2021}}
{{Main|Cello concerto}}
The 'core' repertoire—performed the most of any cello concertos—are by [[Edward Elgar|Elgar]], [[Antonín Dvořák|Dvořák]], Saint-Saëns, Haydn, [[Dmitri Shostakovich|Shostakovich]] and Schumann, but many more concertos are performed nearly as often.

Baroque era:
* Vivaldi's cello concertos [[Ryom-Verzeichnis|RV]]&nbsp;398–403, 405–414 and 416–424

Classical era:
* Haydn wrote two cello concertos (for cello, oboes, horns, and strings), which are the most important works in that genre of the classical era.{{sfn|Cuming|1949}} 
* [[Carl Philipp Emanuel Bach]] wrote three cello concertos and [[Luigi Boccherini]] wrote twelve cello concertos.{{sfn|Kory|2005}}

Romantic era:
* [[Antonín Dvořák]]'s cello concerto ranks among the supreme examples from the Romantic era while [[Robert Schumann]]'s focuses on the lyrical qualities of the instrument.
* The instrument was also popular with composers of the Franco-Belgian tradition: [[Camille Saint-Saëns|Saint-Saëns]] and [[Henri Vieuxtemps|Vieuxtemps]] wrote two cello concertos each and [[Édouard Lalo|Lalo]] and [[Joseph Jongen|Jongen]] one.
* [[Pyotr Ilyich Tchaikovsky|Tchaikovsky]]'s contribution to the genre is a series of [[Variations on a Rococo Theme]]. He also left very fragmentary sketches of a projected Cello Concerto. Cellist [[Yuriy Leonovich]] and Tchaikovsky researcher [[Brett Langston]] published [[Cello Concerto (Tchaikovsky/Leonovich)|their completion]] of the piece in 2006.{{sfn|Peterson|Galván|Stout|2006}}
* [[Carl Reinecke]], [[David Popper]] and [[Julius Klengel]] also wrote cello concertos that were popular in their time and are still played occasionally nowadays.
* [[Elgar]]'s popular concerto, while written in the early 20th century, belongs to the late romantic period stylistically.

20th century:
* An important factor for the 20th-century cello concerto was the rise of virtuoso cellist [[Mstislav Rostropovich]]. His outstanding technique and passionate playing prompted dozens of composers to write pieces for him, first in his native Soviet Union and then abroad. Among such compositions may be listed [[Sergei Prokofiev]]'s [[Symphony-Concerto (Prokofiev)|Symphony-Concerto]], [[Dmitri Shostakovich]]'s two cello concertos, [[Benjamin Britten]]'s [[Cello Symphony (Britten)|Cello-Symphony]] (which emphasizes, as its title suggests, the equal importance of soloist and orchestra), [[Henri Dutilleux]]' ''[[Tout un monde lointain...]]'', [[Cristóbal Halffter]]'s two cello concertos, [[Witold Lutosławski]]'s cello concerto, [[Dmitry Kabalevsky]]'s two cello concertos, [[Aram Khachaturian]]'s ''Concerto-Rhapsody'', [[Arvo Pärt]]'s ''Pro et Contra'', [[Alfred Schnittke]], [[André Jolivet]] and [[Krzysztof Penderecki]] second cello concertos, [[Sofia Gubaidulina]]'s ''[[The Canticle of the Sun (Gubaidulina)|Canticles of the Sun]]'', [[Luciano Berio]]'s ''Ritorno degli Snovidenia'', [[Leonard Bernstein]]'s ''Three Meditations'', [[James MacMillan]]'s cello concerto and [[Olivier Messiaen]]'s ''[[Concert à quatre]]'' (a quadruple concerto for cello, piano, oboe, flute and orchestra).
* In addition, several important composers who were not directly influenced by Rostropovich wrote cello concertos: [[Samuel Barber]], [[Elliott Carter]], [[Carlos Chávez]], [[Miguel del Aguila]], [[Alexander Glazunov]], [[Hans Werner Henze]], [[Paul Hindemith]], [[Arthur Honegger]], [[Erich Wolfgang Korngold]], [[György Ligeti]], [[Bohuslav Martinů]], [[Darius Milhaud]], [[Nikolai Myaskovsky]], [[Einojuhani Rautavaara]], [[Joaquín Rodrigo]], [[Toru Takemitsu]], [[William Walton]], [[Heitor Villa-Lobos]], and [[Bernd Alois Zimmermann]] for instance.{{sfn|Lee|2002}}

=====Double bass concerto=====
{{Main|Double bass concerto}}

20th century:
*[[Double bass concerto]]: [[Kalevi Aho|Aho]], [[Renaud Gagneux|Gagneux]], [[Carl Ditters von Dittersdorf|Dittersdorf]], [[Hans Werner Henze|Henze]], [[Serge Koussevitsky|Koussevitsky]], [[Peter Maxwell Davies|Davies]], [[Hisato Ohzawa|Ohzawa]], [[Einojuhani Rautavaara|Rautavaara]], [[Nikos Skalkottas|Skalkottas]], [[Eduard Tubin|Tubin]]{{citation needed|date=April 2021}}

=====Other bowed string instruments=====

20th century:
*[[Viola d'amore]] concerto: [[Paul Hindemith|Hindemith]]<ref>{{Cite web |title=Kammermusik No.6, Op.46 No.1 (Hindemith, Paul) - IMSLP |url=https://imslp.org/wiki/Kammermusik_No.6,_Op.46_No.1_(Hindemith,_Paul) |access-date=2024-03-27 |website=imslp.org}}</ref>