Editing Columbus, Ohio (section)

==Demographics==
{{Historical populations
|1812|300
|1820|1450
|1830|2435
|1840|6048
|1850|17882
|1860|18554
|1870|31274
|1880|51647
|1890|88150
|1900|125560
|1910|181511
|1920|237031
|1930|290564
|1940|306087
|1950|375901
|1960|471316
|1970|539677
|1980|564871
|1990|632910
|2000|711470
|2010|787033
|2020|905748
|2024 est.|933263
|align-fn= center
|source={{center|U.S. Decennial Census<ref name="DecennialCensus">{{cite web|url=http://www.census.gov/prod/www/decennial.html|title=Census of Population and Housing|publisher=Census.gov|access-date=June 4, 2016|archive-date=June 26, 2015|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150626105142/http://www.census.gov/prod/www/decennial.html|url-status=live}}</ref>}}<ref name="USCensusQuickFacts" />
|footnote=1812,<ref>{{cite book|author=Federal Writers' Project|author-link=Federal Writers' Project|title=Ohio Guide|publisher=Oxford University Press|series=[[American Guide Series]]|url=https://archive.org/stream/ohioguide00writ#page/246/mode/1up|date=1940|access-date=May 10, 2020}}</ref><br />1820-2019: U.S. Census<ref>{{cite web|title=Census of Population and Housing|work=[[United States Census Bureau]]|url=https://www.census.gov/programs-surveys/decennial-census.html|access-date=November 15, 2014|archive-date=March 21, 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210321050514/https://www.census.gov/programs-surveys/decennial-census.html|url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{Cite book|url = https://books.google.com/books?id=ITwVAAAAYAAJ|title = Centennial History of Columbus and Franklin County, Ohio|last1 = Taylor|first1 = William Alexander|year = 1909| publisher=S. J. Clarke Publishing Company |isbn = 9780832828300|access-date = May 11, 2020|archive-date = September 20, 2023|archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20230920170310/https://books.google.com/books?id=ITwVAAAAYAAJ|url-status = live}}</ref>
}}

{| class="wikitable sortable collapsible mw-collapsed" style="font-size: 90%;"
|-
! Historical racial composition  !! 2020<ref name="census2020">{{cite web|url=https://data.census.gov/cedsci/table?g=1600000US3918000&y=2020&d=DEC%20Redistricting%20Data%20%28PL%2094-171%29&tid=DECENNIALPL2020.P2|title=P2: Hispanic or Latino, and Not Hispanic or Latino by Race|publisher=Census.gov|access-date=May 2, 2022|archive-date=May 2, 2022|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220502182425/https://data.census.gov/cedsci/table?g=1600000US3918000&y=2020&d=DEC%20Redistricting%20Data%20(PL%2094-171)&tid=DECENNIALPL2020.P2|url-status=live}}</ref>!! 2010<ref>{{cite web |url=http://quickfacts.census.gov/qfd/states/39/3918000.html |title=Columbus (city), Ohio |work=State & County QuickFacts |publisher=[[United States Census Bureau]] |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140710083649/http://quickfacts.census.gov/qfd/states/39/3918000.html |archive-date=July 10, 2014  }}</ref> !! 1990<ref name="census"/> !! 1970<ref name="census"/> !! 1950<ref name="census"/>
|-
| [[White Americans|White]] || 57.4% || 61.5% || 74.4% || 81.0% || 87.5%
|-
| —Non-Hispanic || 54.3% || 59.3% || 73.8% || 80.4%{{efn|name="fifteen"|From 15% sample}} || n/a
|-
| [[African Americans|Black or African American]] || 29.2% || 28.0% || 22.6% || 18.5% || 12.4%
|-
| [[Hispanic and Latino Americans|Hispanic or Latino]] (of any race) || 6.3% || 5.6% || 1.1% || 0.6%{{efn|name="fifteen"}} || n/a
|-
| [[Asian Americans|Asian]] || 5.9% || 4.1% || 2.4% || 0.2% || 0.1%
|}
[[File:Columbus Racial Dot Map.png|thumb|Racial distribution in Columbus in 2020: {{legend inline|outline=white|white|text=⬤|textcolor=Blue|White}} {{legend inline|outline=white|white|text=⬤|textcolor=green|Black}} {{legend inline|outline=white|white|text=⬤|textcolor=Purple|Asian}} {{legend inline|outline=white|white|text=⬤|textcolor=#ffa600|Hispanic}} {{legend inline|outline=white|white|text=⬤|textcolor=Brown|Mixed or Other}}]]

===2020 census===
In the 2020 United States census, there were 905,748 people living in the city, for a population density of 4,109.64 people per square mile (1,586.74/km<sup>2</sup>). There were 415,456 housing units. The racial makeup of the city was 57.4% [[White Americans|White]], 29.2% [[African Americans|Black or African American]], 0.2% [[Native Americans in the United States|Native American]] or Alaska Native, and 5.9% [[Asian Americans|Asian]]. [[Hispanic and Latino Americans|Hispanic or Latino]] of any race made up 6.3% of the population.<ref name="Quick Facts">{{Cite web |title=U.S. Census Bureau QuickFacts: Columbus city, Ohio |url=https://www.census.gov/quickfacts/columbuscityohio |access-date=April 7, 2022 |website=www.census.gov |language=en |archive-date=October 3, 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211003152028/https://www.census.gov/quickfacts/columbuscityohio |url-status=live }}</ref><ref name="2020 census">{{cite web |title=Columbus city, Ohio - Census Bureau Profile |url=https://data.census.gov/profile/Columbus_city,_Ohio?g=160XX00US3918000 |publisher=United States Census Bureau |access-date=9 January 2024}}</ref>

There were 392,041 households, out of which 25.5% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 30.8% were [[Marriage|married couples]] living together, 25.1% had a male householder with no spouse present, and 33.7% had a female householder with no spouse present. 37.1% of all households were made up of individuals, and 9.7% were someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.26, and the average family size was 3.03.<ref name="2020 census"/>

21.0% of the city's population were under the age of 18, 67.5% were 18 to 64, and 11.5% were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 33.3. For every 100 females, there were 97.3 males.<ref name="2020 census"/>

According to the U.S. Census [[American Community Survey]], for the period 2016–2020 the estimated median annual income for a household in the city was $61,727, and the median income for a family was $76,383. About 18.1% of the population were living below the [[poverty line]], including 26.1% of those under age 18 and 12.0% of those age 65 or over. About 67.2% of the population were employed, and 38.5% had a bachelor's degree or higher.<ref name="2020 census"/>

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center;"
|+'''Columbus, Ohio – Racial and ethnic composition'''<br /><small>{{nobold|''Note: the U.S. census treats Hispanic/Latino as an ethnic category. This table excludes Latinos from the racial categories and assigns them to a separate category. Hispanics/Latinos may be of any race.''}}</small>
!Race / Ethnicity <small>(''NH = Non-Hispanic'')</small>
!Pop 2000<ref name=2000CensusP008>{{Cite web|title=P004 HISPANIC OR LATINO, AND NOT HISPANIC OR LATINO BY RACE – 2000: DEC Summary File 1 – Columbus city, Ohio|url=https://data.census.gov/table?q=p004&g=160XX00US3918000&tid=DECENNIALSF12000.P004|publisher=[[United States Census Bureau]]}}</ref>
!Pop 2010<ref name=2010CensusP2>{{Cite web|title=P2: Hispanic or Latino, and Not Hispanic or Latino by Race – 2010: DEC Redistricting Data (PL 94-171) - Columbus city, Ohio|url=https://data.census.gov/cedsci/table?q=p2&g=160XX00US3918000&tid=DECENNIALPL2010.P2|publisher=[[United States Census Bureau]]}}</ref>
!{{partial|Pop 2020}}<ref name=2020CensusP2>{{Cite web|title=P2: Hispanic or Latino, and Not Hispanic or Latino by Race – 2020: DEC Redistricting Data (PL 94-171) - Columbus city, Ohio|url=https://data.census.gov/cedsci/table?q=p2&g=160XX00US3918000&tid=DECENNIALPL2020.P2|publisher=[[United States Census Bureau]]}}</ref>
!% 2000
!% 2010
!% {{partial|2020}}
|-
|[[Non-Hispanic or Latino whites|White]] alone (NH)
|475,897
|466,615
|style='background: #ffffe6; |470,705
|66.89%
|59.29%
|style='background: #ffffe6; |51.97%
|-
|[[Non-Hispanic or Latino African Americans|Black or African American]] alone (NH)
|172,750
|217,694
|style='background: #ffffe6; |256,509
|24.28%
|27.66%
|style='background: #ffffe6; |28.32%
|-
|[[Native Americans in the United States|Native American]] or [[Alaska Native]] alone (NH)
|1,858
|1,643
|style='background: #ffffe6; |1,632
|0.26%
|0.21%
|style='background: #ffffe6; |0.18%
|-
|[[Asian Americans|Asian]] alone (NH)
|24,386
|31,734
|style='background: #ffffe6; |55,932
|3.43%
|4.03%
|style='background: #ffffe6; |6.18%
|-
|[[Native Hawaiian]] or [[Pacific Islander Americans|Pacific Islander]] alone (NH)
|326
|462
|style='background: #ffffe6; |325
|0.05%
|0.06%
|style='background: #ffffe6; |0.04%
|-
|[[Race and ethnicity in the United States census|Other race]] alone (NH)
|1,824
|2,032
|style='background: #ffffe6; |5,369
|0.26%
|0.26%
|style='background: #ffffe6; |0.59%
|-
|[[Multiracial Americans|Mixed race or Multiracial]] (NH)
|16,958
|22,494
|style='background: #ffffe6; |45,097
|2.38%
|2.86%
|style='background: #ffffe6; |4.98%
|-
|[[Hispanic and Latino Americans|Hispanic or Latino]] (any race)
|17,471
|44,359
|style='background: #ffffe6; |70,179
|2.46%
|5.64%
|style='background: #ffffe6; |7.75%
|-
|'''Total'''
|'''711,470'''
|'''787,033'''
|style='background: #ffffe6; |'''905,748'''
|'''100.00%'''
|'''100.00%'''
|style='background: #ffffe6; |'''100.00%'''
|}

=== 2010 census ===
In the [[2010 United States census]], there were 787,033 people, 331,602 households and 176,037 families residing in the city. The population density was {{convert|3624|PD/sqmi|PD/km2|1}}. There were 370,965 housing units at an average density of {{convert|1708.2|/sqmi|/km2|1}}.

The racial makeup of the city included 815,985 races tallied, as some residents recognized multiple races. The racial makeup was 61.9% [[White Americans|White]], 29.1% [[African Americans|Black or African American]], 1% [[Native Americans in the United States|Native American]] or Alaska Native, 4.6% [[Asian Americans|Asian]], 0.2% Native Hawaiian or [[Pacific Islander Americans|Pacific Islander]], and 3.2% from other races.<ref name="Census2010 race">{{cite web|title=Race (Total Races Tallied)|work=2010 Decennial Census|publisher=[[United States Census Bureau]]|url=https://data.census.gov/cedsci/table?q=race&g=1600000US3918000&tid=DECENNIALSF12010.P6|date=2010|access-date=May 21, 2021|archive-date=May 21, 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210521155855/https://data.census.gov/cedsci/table?q=race&g=1600000US3918000&tid=DECENNIALSF12010.P6|url-status=live}}</ref> [[Hispanic and Latino Americans|Hispanic or Latino]] of any race were 5.9% of the population.<ref name="Census2010 H-L">{{cite web|title=Hispanic Or Latino Origin By Race (Total Races Tallied)|work=2010 Decennial Census|publisher=[[United States Census Bureau]]|url=https://data.census.gov/cedsci/table?q=race&g=1600000US3918000&tid=DECENNIALSF12010.P7|date=2010|access-date=May 21, 2021|archive-date=May 21, 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210521155856/https://data.census.gov/cedsci/table?q=race&g=1600000US3918000&tid=DECENNIALSF12010.P7|url-status=live}}</ref>

===Population makeup===
Columbus historically had a significant population of [[white people]]. In 1900, whites made up 93.4% of the population.<ref name="census">{{cite web|title=Race and Hispanic Origin for Selected Cities and Other Places: Earliest Census to 1990 |publisher=U.S. Census Bureau |url=https://www.census.gov/population/www/documentation/twps0076/twps0076.html |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120812191959/http://www.census.gov/population/www/documentation/twps0076/twps0076.html |archive-date=August 12, 2012  }}</ref> Although [[Ethnic groups in Europe|European]] immigration has declined, the Columbus metropolitan area has recently experienced increases in [[Demographics of Africa|African]], [[Asian people|Asian]] and [[Latin Americans|Latin American]] immigration, including groups from [[Mexico]], [[India]], [[Nepal]], [[Bhutan]], [[Somalia]] and [[China]]. While the Asian population is diverse, the city's Hispanic community is mainly made up of [[Mexican Americans]], although there is a notable [[Stateside Puerto Ricans|Puerto Rican]] population.<ref>{{cite news| last =Pyle  | first =Encarnacion  | title =Columbus becoming a mini melting pot | pages =News 01A  | newspaper =The Columbus Dispatch  | date =March 14, 2006}}</ref> Many other countries of origin are represented in lesser numbers, largely due to the international draw of [[Ohio State University]]. 2008 estimates indicate that roughly 116,000 of the city's residents are foreign-born, accounting for 82% of the new residents between 2000 and 2006 at a rate of 105 per week.<ref name="CF" /> 40% of the immigrants came from Asia, 23% from Africa, 22% from Latin America and 13% from Europe.<ref name="CF">[http://www.gcir.org/system/files/cbi_report.pdf "Capacity Building Initiative: Immigrant and Refugee Organizations"] {{webarchive |url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130514065007/http://www.gcir.org/system/files/cbi_report.pdf|date=May 14, 2013 }}, Columbus Foundation. 2006. Retrieved July 3, 2012.</ref> The city had the second-largest Somali and [[Somali American]] population in the country, as of 2004, as well as the largest expatriate [[Lhotshampa|Bhutanese-Nepali]] population in the world, as of 2018.<ref name="nepali">{{cite news |first=Danae |last=King |title=City Council gives $45,000 to Bhutanese-Nepali community center |url=https://www.dispatch.com/news/20180926/city-council-gives-45000-to-bhutanese-nepali-community-center |work=[[Columbus Dispatch]] |date=September 26, 2018 |access-date=February 20, 2020 |archive-date=February 20, 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200220050424/https://www.dispatch.com/news/20180926/city-council-gives-45000-to-bhutanese-nepali-community-center |url-status=dead }}</ref><ref name="latimes">{{cite news |title=Dalayad Haji Hashi Jama, 72; Somalia's Former First Lady |url=https://www.latimes.com/archives/la-xpm-2004-jul-31-me-passings31.4-story.html |work=[[Los Angeles Times]] |date=July 31, 2004 |access-date=June 10, 2016 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160807221904/http://articles.latimes.com/2004/jul/31/local/me-passings31.4 |archive-date=August 7, 2016 |url-status=live }}</ref>

Due to its demographics, which include a mix of races and a wide range of incomes, as well as urban, suburban and nearby rural areas, Columbus is considered a "typical" American city, leading [[chain store|retail and restaurant chains]] to use it as a [[test market]] for new products.<ref>{{cite news| last =Wolf  | first =Barnet D.  | title =Fresch Approach Long John Silver's test site tries grilling on for size   | newspaper =The Columbus Dispatch  | date =December 5, 2006}}</ref> For similar reasons, the city was chosen as the launch city for the [[QUBE]] cable television service.

Columbus has maintained a steady population growth since its establishment. Its slowest growth, from 1850 to 1860, is primarily attributed to the city's cholera epidemic in the 1850s.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=wDoVAAAAYAAJ|title=Columbus, Ohio: Its History, Resources, and Progress|first=Jacob Henry|last=Studer|date=May 22, 1873|publisher=J.H. Studer|via=Google Books|access-date=May 11, 2020|archive-date=September 20, 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230920170250/https://books.google.com/books?id=wDoVAAAAYAAJ|url-status=live}}</ref>

According to the 2017 Japanese Direct Investment Survey by the [[Consulate-General of Japan, Detroit]], 838 [[Japanese community of Columbus, Ohio|Japanese nationals lived in Columbus]], making it the municipality with the state's second-largest Japanese national population, after [[Dublin, Ohio|Dublin]].<ref>"[https://www.detroit.us.emb-japan.go.jp/pdf/en/pe/2017%20JDI%20Survey%20Summary_OH.pdf 2017 Japanese Direct Investment Survey: Summary of Ohio Results] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200728171140/https://www.detroit.us.emb-japan.go.jp/pdf/en/pe/2017%20JDI%20Survey%20Summary_OH.pdf |date=July 28, 2020 }}. [[Consulate-General of Japan in Detroit]]. October 1, 2017. Retrieved on March 11, 2020.</ref>

Columbus is home to a proportional [[LGBT]] community, with an estimated 34,952 gay, lesbian or bisexual residents.<ref>{{cite web |url= http://williamsinstitute.law.ucla.edu/wp-content/uploads/Gates-Same-Sex-Couples-GLB-Pop-ACS-Oct-2006.pdf |title= Same-sex Couples and the Gay, Lesbian, Bisexual Population: New Estimates from the American Community Survey |access-date= July 3, 2012 |archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20130609015224/http://williamsinstitute.law.ucla.edu/wp-content/uploads/Gates-Same-Sex-Couples-GLB-Pop-ACS-Oct-2006.pdf |archive-date= June 9, 2013 |url-status= dead }} Retrieved July 3, 2012.</ref> The 2018 [[American Community Survey]] (ACS) reported an estimated 366,034 households, 32,276 of which were held by unmarried partners. 1,395 of these were female householder and female-partner households, and 1,456 were male householder and male-partner households.<ref name="Households">{{cite web|title=Unmarried-Partner Households by Sex of Partner: Columbus city, Ohio|work=American FactFinder, 2018 American Community Survey 1-Year Estimates|publisher=United States Census Bureau|url=https://data.census.gov/cedsci/table?t=Same%20Sex%20Couples&g=1600000US3918000&tid=ACSDT1Y2018.B11009|access-date=May 21, 2021|archive-date=May 21, 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210521144334/https://data.census.gov/cedsci/table?t=Same%20Sex%20Couples&g=1600000US3918000&tid=ACSDT1Y2018.B11009|url-status=live}}</ref> Columbus has been rated as one of the best cities in the country for gays and lesbians to live, and also as the most underrated gay city in the country.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://gaytravel.about.com/od/placestogo/tp/underrated_gay.htm |title=The Most Underrated Gay-Friendly Cities in America |access-date=January 6, 2010 |publisher=[[About.com]] |archive-date=November 23, 2009 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20091123172148/http://gaytravel.about.com/od/placestogo/tp/underrated_gay.htm |url-status=dead }}</ref> In July 2012, three years prior to legal [[same-sex marriage in the United States]], the Columbus City Council unanimously passed a domestic partnership registry.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.plunderbund.com/2012/07/31/columbus-city-council-creates-domestic-partner-registry/ |title=Columbus City Council Creates Domestic Partner Registry |publisher=Plunderbund.com |date=July 31, 2012 |access-date=September 1, 2012 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140824085127/http://www.plunderbund.com/2012/07/31/columbus-city-council-creates-domestic-partner-registry/ |archive-date=August 24, 2014 |url-status=dead }}</ref>

====Italian-American community and symbols====
[[File:Santa Maria - 2772222245.jpg|thumb|The [[Santa Maria Ship & Museum]], a {{ship||Santa María|ship|2}} replica, was docked downtown from 1991 to 2014.]]
Columbus has numerous [[Italian Americans]], with groups including the Columbus Italian Club, Columbus Piave Club and the Abruzzi Club.<ref name="abc6_City">{{cite web |title=City of Columbus to remove Christopher Columbus statue outside City Hall |author=WSYX/WTTE |work=WSYX |date=June 18, 2020 |access-date=June 18, 2020 |url=https://abc6onyourside.com/news/local/city-of-columbus-to-remove-christopher-columbus-statue-outside-city-hall |archive-date=June 19, 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200619112917/https://abc6onyourside.com/news/local/city-of-columbus-to-remove-christopher-columbus-statue-outside-city-hall |url-status=live }}</ref> [[Italian Village]], a neighborhood near Downtown Columbus, has had a prominent Italian American community since the 1890s.<ref name="guidelines">{{cite web |title=Italian Village Guidelines|publisher=Italian Village Commission|url=http://hstrial-ivillage.homestead.com/italguid.pdf |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210521172431/http://hstrial-ivillage.homestead.com/italguid.pdf |archive-date=May 21, 2021 |url-status=live|date=August 7, 1990|access-date=May 21, 2021}}</ref>

The community has helped promote the influence [[Christopher Columbus]] had in drawing European attention to the Americas. The Italian explorer, erroneously credited with the lands' discovery, has been posthumously criticized by historians for initiating colonization and for abuse, enslavement and subjugation of natives.<ref name="Bigelow, B. 1992"/><ref name="Howard Zinn"/> In addition to the city being named for the explorer, its seal and [[Flag of Columbus, Ohio|flag]] depict a ship he used for his first voyage to the Americas, the {{ship||Santa María|ship|2}}. A similar-size replica of the ship, the [[Santa Maria Ship & Museum]], was displayed downtown from 1991 to 2014.<ref>{{cite web |first=Kathy Lynn |last=Gray |url=https://www.columbusmonthly.com/lifestyle/20180206/who-wants-santa-maria |title=Who wants the Santa Maria? - Lifestyle - Columbus Monthly - Columbus, OH |work=Columbus Monthly |date= |accessdate=February 25, 2021 |archive-date=July 27, 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210727190407/https://www.columbusmonthly.com/lifestyle/20180206/who-wants-santa-maria |url-status=live }}</ref> The city's [[Discovery District (Columbus, Ohio)|Discovery District]] and [[Discovery Bridge (Columbus, Ohio)|Discovery Bridge]] are named in reference to Columbus's "discovery" of the Americas; the bridge includes artistic bronze medallions featuring symbols of the explorer.<ref>{{cite web |author=Gerald Tebben |url=https://www.dispatch.com/article/20120821/NEWS/308219772 |title=Columbus Mileposts &#124; Aug. 21, 1947: Lightning led bridge to explode, killing one |work=The Columbus Dispatch |date= |accessdate=February 25, 2021 |archive-date=May 11, 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210511095418/https://www.dispatch.com/article/20120821/NEWS/308219772 |url-status=live }}</ref><ref>{{cite web |url=http://onlinepubs.trb.org/Onlinepubs/conf/1995/cp7/cp7v1-009.pdf |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200620025037/http://onlinepubs.trb.org/Onlinepubs/conf/1995/cp7/cp7v1-009.pdf |archive-date=June 20, 2020 |url-status=live |title=Discovery Bridge |last=Mattox |first=Ronald K. |publisher=Fourth International Bridge Engineering Conference |access-date=February 19, 2022}}</ref> [[Genoa Park]], downtown, is named after [[Genoa]], the birthplace of Christopher Columbus and one of Columbus's [[Sister city|sister cities]].<ref>{{cite web |title=Genoa Park |url=https://www.columbus.gov/recreationandparks/parks/Genoa-Park/ |website=columbus.gov |publisher=City of Columbus, Ohio |access-date=October 21, 2018 |archive-date=October 22, 2018 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20181022073416/https://www.columbus.gov/recreationandparks/parks/Genoa-Park/ |url-status=live }}</ref>

The Christopher Columbus Quincentennial Jubilee, celebrating the 500th anniversary of Columbus's first voyage, was held in the city in 1992. Its organizers spent $95 million on it, creating the horticultural exhibition [[AmeriFlora '92]]. The organizers also planned to create a replica Native American village, among other attractions. Local and national native leaders protested the event with a day of mourning, followed by protests and fasts at City Hall. The protests prevented the native village from being exhibited, and annual fasts continued until 1997. A protest also took place during the dedication of the ''Santa Maria'' replica, an event held in late 1991 on the day before [[Columbus Day]] and in time for the jubilee.<ref name="ICT"/><ref name="WaPo">{{cite news |last1=Flynn |first1=Meagan |title=Columbus, Ohio, once spent $95 million to help celebrate Columbus Day. Now, it's canceled. |url=https://www.washingtonpost.com/news/morning-mix/wp/2018/10/08/columbus-ohio-once-spent-95-million-to-celebrate-columbus-day-now-its-canceled/ |newspaper=The Washington Post |access-date=July 29, 2020 |date=October 8, 2018 |archive-date=July 11, 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200711110607/https://www.washingtonpost.com/news/morning-mix/wp/2018/10/08/columbus-ohio-once-spent-95-million-to-celebrate-columbus-day-now-its-canceled/ |url-status=live }}</ref>

The city has three outdoor statues of the explorer; the [[Statue of Christopher Columbus (Columbus City Hall)|statue at City Hall]] was acquired, delivered and dedicated with the assistance of the Italian American community. Protests in 2017 aimed for this statue to be removed,<ref>{{cite web|url=https://abc6onyourside.com/news/local/protest-at-city-hall-calls-for-removal-of-columbus-statue|title=Protest at City Hall calls for removal of Columbus statue|first=Ben|last=Garbarek|date=August 20, 2017|website=WSYX|access-date=June 13, 2020|archive-date=July 28, 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200728171517/https://abc6onyourside.com/news/local/protest-at-city-hall-calls-for-removal-of-columbus-statue|url-status=live}}</ref> followed by the city in 2018 ceasing to recognize [[Columbus Day]] as a city holiday.<ref>{{cite news |last1=Wilhelm |first1=Jim |last2=Rouan |first2=Rick |title=Columbus Day no longer a holiday for namesake Ohio city |url=https://www.dispatch.com/news/20181004/columbus-day-no-longer-holiday-for-namesake-ohio-city |access-date=May 9, 2020 |work=[[The Columbus Dispatch]] |date=October 4, 2018 |archive-date=May 24, 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200524233449/https://www.dispatch.com/news/20181004/columbus-day-no-longer-holiday-for-namesake-ohio-city |url-status=dead }}</ref> During the 2020 [[George Floyd protests in Columbus, Ohio|George Floyd protests]], petitions were created to remove all three statues and rename the city of Columbus.<ref name="Columbus Underground"/>

The city was one of eight cities to be offered the {{cvt|360|ft|adj=on}} ''[[Birth of the New World]]'' statue, in 1993. The statue, also of Christopher Columbus, was completed in Puerto Rico in 2016 and is the [[List of the tallest statues in the United States|tallest in the United States]] – {{cvt|45|ft}} taller than the [[Statue of Liberty]], including its pedestal. At least six U.S. cities, including Columbus, rejected it based on its height and design.<ref>{{cite news|title=Christopher Columbus statue welcomed in Puerto Rico after US cities rejected it|work=The Guardian|url=https://www.theguardian.com/world/2016/jun/19/christopher-columbus-statue-puerto-rico-zurab-tsereteli|date=June 19, 2016|access-date=June 13, 2020|archive-date=July 21, 2016|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160721203124/https://www.theguardian.com/world/2016/jun/19/christopher-columbus-statue-puerto-rico-zurab-tsereteli|url-status=live}}</ref>

===Religion===
[[File:St. Joseph Cathedral (Columbus, Ohio).jpg|thumb|[[St. Joseph Cathedral (Columbus, Ohio)|St. Joseph Cathedral]], seat of the [[Roman Catholic Diocese of Columbus]]]]
According to the 2019 [[Public Religion Research Institute|American Values Atlas]], 26% of Columbus metropolitan area residents are unaffiliated with a religious tradition. 17% of area residents identify as White evangelical Protestants, 14% as White mainline Protestants, 11% as Black Protestants, 11% as White Catholics, 5% as Hispanic Catholics, 3% as other nonwhite Catholics, 2% as other nonwhite Protestants and 2% as Mormons. Hindus, Buddhists, Jews and Latino Protestants each made up 1% of the population, while Jehovah's Witnesses, Orthodox Christians, Muslims, Unitarians, and members of New Age or other religions each made up under 0.5% of the population.<ref>{{cite web|title=Columbus: Religious Tradition|work=The American Values Atlas|publisher=[[Public Religion Research Institute]]|url=http://ava.prri.org/#religious/2019/MetroAreas/religion/m/7|date=2019|access-date=May 21, 2021|archive-date=February 21, 2019|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190221221714/http://ava.prri.org/#religious/2019/MetroAreas/religion/m/7|url-status=live}}</ref>

Places of worship include Baptist, Evangelical, Greek Orthodox, Latter-day Saints, Lutheran, Presbyterian, Quaker, Roman Catholic, and Unitarian Universalist churches. Columbus also hosts several Islamic mosques, Jewish synagogues, Buddhist centers, Hindu temples and a branch of the [[International Society for Krishna Consciousness]]. Religious teaching institutions include the [[Pontifical College Josephinum]] and several private schools led by Christian organizations.