Editing Cocoa bean (section)

=== Agroforestry ===

{{See also|Regenerative cacao}}

Cocoa beans may be cultivated under [[shade (shadow)|shade]], as done in [[agroforestry]]. Agroforestry can reduce the pressure on existing protected forests for resources, such as firewood, and conserve [[biodiversity]].<ref>{{cite journal|last1=Bhagwat|first1=Shonil A. |last2=Willis|first2=Katherine J. |last3=Birks|first3=H. John B. |last4=Whittaker|first4=Robert J. |year=2008 |title=Agroforestry: a refuge for tropical biodiversity? |journal=Trends in Ecology & Evolution |volume=23 |issue=5|pages=261–267|doi=10.1016/j.tree.2008.01.005|pmid=18359125|bibcode=2008TEcoE..23..261B }}</ref> Integrating shade trees with cocoa plants reduces risk of soil erosion and evaporation, and protects young cocoa plants from extreme heat.<ref name="Dohmen" /> Agroforests act as buffers to formally protected forests and biodiversity island refuges in an open, human-dominated landscape. Research of their [[shade-grown coffee]] counterparts has shown that greater canopy cover in plots is significantly associated with greater mammal [[species diversity]].<ref>{{cite journal|last1=Caudill|first1=S. Amanda |last2=DeClerck|first2=Fabrice J.A. |last3=Husband|first3=Thomas P. |year=2015|title=Connecting sustainable agriculture and wildlife conservation: Does shade coffee provide habitat for mammals?|journal=Agriculture, Ecosystems & Environment |volume=199 |pages=85–93 |doi=10.1016/j.agee.2014.08.023 |bibcode=2015AgEE..199...85C }}</ref> The amount of diversity in tree species is fairly comparable between shade-grown cocoa plots and [[Old-growth forest|primary forests]].<ref>{{cite journal |last1=Vebrova |first1=Hana |last2=Lojka |first2=Bohdan |last3=Husband |first3=Thomas P. |last4=Zans |first4=Maria E.C. |last5=Van Damme|first5=Patrick |last6=Rollo |first6=Alexandr |last7=Kalousova |first7=Marie |year=2014 |title=Tree Diversity in Cacao Agroforests in San Alejandro, Peruvian Amazon |journal=Agroforestry Systems |volume=88 |issue=6 |pages=1101–1115 |doi=10.1007/s10457-013-9654-5 |bibcode=2014AgrSy..88.1101V |s2cid=18279989}}</ref>