Editing Carcinogen (section)

== Classification ==
{| class="wikitable"  style="margin:0 0 0 0.5em; float:right;"
|+ Approximate equivalences<br />between classification schemes
|-
! IARC
! GHS
! NTP
! ACGIH
! EU
|-
| Group 1
| Cat. 1A
| style="text-align:center;"| Known
| style="text-align:center;"| A1
| Cat. 1A
|-
| Group 2A
| rowspan=2 | Cat. 1B
| rowspan="2" style="text-align:center;"| Reasonably<br />suspected
| rowspan="2" style="text-align:center;"| A2
| rowspan=2 | Cat. 1B
|-
| rowspan=2 | Group 2B
|-
| rowspan=2 | Cat. 2
| rowspan=4 | &nbsp;
| rowspan="2" style="text-align:center;"| A3
| rowspan=2 | Cat. 2
|-
| rowspan=2 | Group 3
|-
| rowspan=2 | &nbsp;
| style="text-align:center;"| A4
| rowspan=2 | &nbsp;
|-
| Group 4
| style="text-align:center;"| A5
|}

=== International Agency for Research on Cancer ===
The [[International Agency for Research on Cancer]] (IARC) is an intergovernmental agency established in 1965, which forms part of the [[World Health Organization]] of the [[United Nations]]. It is based in [[Lyon]], [[France]]. Since 1971 it has published a series of ''Monographs on the Evaluation                          of Carcinogenic Risks to Humans''<ref>{{cite web|url=http://monographs.iarc.fr/ |title=IARC Monographs |publisher=Monographs.iarc.fr |access-date=2010-09-22}}</ref> that have been highly influential in the classification of possible carcinogens.
* [[List of IARC Group 1 carcinogens|Group 1]]: the agent (mixture) is carcinogenic to humans. The exposure circumstance entails exposures that are carcinogenic to humans.
* [[List of IARC Group 2A carcinogens|Group 2A]]: the agent (mixture) is most likely (''product more likely to be'') carcinogenic to humans. The exposure circumstance entails exposures that are probably carcinogenic to humans.
* [[List of IARC Group 2B carcinogens|Group 2B]]: the agent (mixture) is possibly (''chance of product being'') carcinogenic to humans. The exposure circumstance entails exposures that are possibly carcinogenic to humans.
* [[List of IARC Group 3 carcinogens|Group 3]]: the agent (mixture or exposure circumstance) is not classifiable as to its carcinogenicity to humans.
* [[List of IARC Group 4 carcinogens|Group 4]]: the agent (mixture) is most likely not carcinogenic to humans.

=== Globally Harmonized System ===
The [[Globally Harmonized System of Classification and Labelling of Chemicals]] (GHS) is a [[United Nations]] initiative to attempt to harmonize the different systems of assessing chemical risk which currently exist (as of March 2009) around the world. It classifies carcinogens into two categories, of which the first may be divided again into subcategories if so desired by the competent regulatory authority:
* Category 1: known or presumed to have carcinogenic potential for humans
** Category 1A: the assessment is based primarily on human evidence
** Category 1B: the assessment is based primarily on animal evidence
* Category 2: suspected human carcinogens

=== U.S. National Toxicology Program ===
The [[National Toxicology Program]] of the [[United States Department of Health and Human Services|U.S. Department of Health and Human Services]] is mandated to produce a biennial ''Report on Carcinogens''.<ref>Section 301(b)(4) of the Public Health Service Act, as amended by Section 262, Pub.&nbsp;L. 95–622.</ref> As of August 2024, the latest edition was the 15th report (2021).<ref name="roc">{{cite book | title = Report on Carcinogens | date = 2021 | edition = Fifteenth| publisher = U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, Public Health Service, National Toxicology Program | url = https://ntp.niehs.nih.gov/whatwestudy/assessments/cancer/roc | archive-url=http://web.archive.org/web/20240812000000/https://ntp.niehs.nih.gov/whatwestudy/assessments/cancer/roc | archive-date = 12 August 2024 }}</ref> It classifies carcinogens into two groups:
* Known to be a human carcinogen
* Reasonably anticipated to be a human carcinogen

=== American Conference of Governmental Industrial Hygienists ===
The [[American Conference of Governmental Industrial Hygienists]] (ACGIH) is a private organization best known for its publication of [[threshold limit value]]s (TLVs) for occupational exposure and monographs on workplace chemical hazards. It assesses carcinogenicity as part of a wider assessment of the occupational hazards of chemicals.
* Group A1: Confirmed human carcinogen
* Group A2: Suspected human carcinogen
* Group A3: Confirmed animal carcinogen with unknown relevance to humans
* Group A4: Not classifiable as a human carcinogen
* Group A5: Not suspected as a human carcinogen

=== European Union ===

The European Union classification of carcinogens is contained in the Regulation (EC) No 1272/2008. It consists of three categories:<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://echa.europa.eu/documents/10162/13562/cmr_report_en.pdf |title = CMR substances from Annex VI of the CLP Regulation | publisher = European Chemicals Agency | date = May 2012 |access-date=2020-11-03 |archive-date=2021-02-24 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210224221346/https://echa.europa.eu/documents/10162/13562/cmr_report_en.pdf |url-status=dead }}</ref>

* Category 1A: Carcinogenic
* Category 1B: May cause cancer
* Category 2: Suspected of causing cancer

The former European Union classification of carcinogens was contained in the [[Dangerous Substances Directive (67/548/EEC)|Dangerous Substances Directive]] and the [[Dangerous Preparations Directive]]. It also consisted of three categories:
* Category 1: Substances known to be carcinogenic to humans.
* Category 2: Substances which should be regarded as if they are carcinogenic to humans.
* Category 3: Substances which cause concern for humans, owing to possible carcinogenic effects but in respect of which the available information is not adequate for making a satisfactory assessment.
This assessment scheme is being phased out in favor of the GHS scheme (see above), to which it is very close in category definitions.

=== Safe Work Australia ===
Under a previous name, the NOHSC, in 1999 [[Safe Work Australia]] published the Approved Criteria for Classifying Hazardous Substances [NOHSC:1008(1999)].<ref name="Safe Work Australia3">{{cite web | url = http://www.safeworkaustralia.gov.au/AboutSafeWorkAustralia/WhatWeDo/Publications/Documents/504/Approved_Criteria_classifying_Hazardous_Substances_NOHSC1008_1999_2nd_Edition.pdf | work = Safe Work Australia | archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20101201103328/http://safeworkaustralia.gov.au/AboutSafeWorkAustralia/WhatWeDo/Publications/Documents/504/Approved_Criteria_classifying_Hazardous_Substances_NOHSC1008_1999_2nd_Edition.pdf |archive-date=2010-12-01 |url-status=dead |date= April 1999 | publisher = National Occupational Health and Safety Commission (NOHSC) | title = Approved criteria for classifying hazardous substances NOHSC:1008 (1999) }}</ref>
Section 4.76 of this document outlines the criteria for classifying carcinogens as approved by the Australian government. This classification consists of three categories:
* Category 1: Substances known to be carcinogenic to humans.
* Category 2: Substances that should be regarded as if they were carcinogenic to humans.
* Category 3: Substances that have possible carcinogenic effects in humans but about which there is insufficient information to make an assessment.