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===Climate=== [[File:Cairo weather observations by French savants.jpg|thumb|Cairo weather observations by French savants]] In Cairo, and along the Nile River Valley, the climate is a [[hot desert climate]] (''BWh'' according to the [[Köppen climate classification]] system<ref>{{cite web |url=http://koeppen-geiger.vu-wien.ac.at/pics/kottek_et_al_2006.gif |title=World Map of Köppen-Geiger Climate Classification |publisher=Köppen-Geiger |access-date=22 January 2010 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20111017125921/http://koeppen-geiger.vu-wien.ac.at/pics/kottek_et_al_2006.gif |archive-date=17 October 2011 |url-status=live}}</ref>). Wind storms can be frequent, bringing [[Mineral dust|Saharan dust]] into the city, from March to May and the air often becomes uncomfortably dry. Winters are mild to warm, while summers are long and hot. High temperatures in winter range from {{cvt|14|to|22|°C|0}}, while night-time lows drop to below {{cvt|11|°C|0}}, often to {{cvt|5|°C|0}}. In summer, the highs often exceed {{cvt|31|°C|0}} but rarely surpass {{cvt|40|°C|0}}, and lows drop to about {{cvt|20|°C|0}}. Rainfall is sparse and only happens in the colder months, but sudden showers can cause severe flooding. The summer months have high humidity due to its proximity to the Mediterranean coast. Snowfall is extremely rare; a small amount of [[graupel]], widely believed to be [[snow]], fell on Cairo's easternmost suburbs on 13 December 2013, the first time Cairo's area received this kind of precipitation in many decades.<ref>{{cite news |title=Biblical snowstorm: Rare flakes in Cairo, Jerusalem paralyzed by over a foot |first=Jason |last=Samenow |newspaper=The Washington Post |date=13 December 2013 |url=https://www.washingtonpost.com/blogs/capital-weather-gang/wp/2013/12/13/rare-snow-in-cairo-jerusalem-paralyzed-in-historic-snow/ |access-date=22 August 2017 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150903233952/http://www.washingtonpost.com/blogs/capital-weather-gang/wp/2013/12/13/rare-snow-in-cairo-jerusalem-paralyzed-in-historic-snow/ |archive-date=3 September 2015 |url-status=live}}</ref> Dew points in the hottest months range from {{cvt|13.9|°C|0}} in June to {{cvt|18.3|°C|0}} in August.<ref name=NOAA>{{cite web |url=ftp://ftp.atdd.noaa.gov/pub/GCOS/WMO-Normals/RA-VI/BH/14654.TXT |title=Sarajevo Climate Normals 1961–1990 |publisher=National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration |access-date=25 August 2016 }}{{dead link|date=June 2022|bot=medic}}{{cbignore|bot=medic}}</ref> {{Cairo weatherbox}}
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