Editing Bughouse chess (section)

== Types of play ==

=== Over the board ===
Little is known on the history of bughouse, but it seems to have developed in the early 1960s.<ref name=dprit>Pritchard (2007), pp. 326–27</ref> It is now quite popular as a diversion of regular chess in local chess clubs throughout Europe and the US.<ref name="dprit" /><ref>von Zimmerman (2006), pp. 162–73</ref> [[Grandmaster (chess)|Grandmasters]] such as [[Joel Benjamin]], [[Yasser Seirawan]], [[Andy Soltis]], [[John Nunn]], [[Jon Speelman]], [[Sergey Karjakin]], [[Michael Adams (chess player)|Michael Adams]], [[Emil Sutovsky]] and [[Michael Rohde (chess player)|Michael Rohde]] have been known to play the game.<ref name="dprit" /><ref>John Nunn playing bughouse at the 2004 [[World Chess Solving Championship]]; [http://www.chessbase.com/newsdetail.asp?newsid=1919 Chessbase news, 22 September 2004]. Accessed July 29, 2007.</ref><ref>Sergey Karjakin playing bughouse at the 2005 Young Stars tournament; [http://www.chessbase.com/newsdetail.asp?newsid=2423 Chessbase news 31, May 2005]. Accessed July 29, 2007.</ref><ref>Bughouse Newsletter, Vol I 1992 edited by Jeremy Graham</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://findarticles.com/p/articles/mi_qn4158/is_19990712/ai_n14255436|title=Chess &#124; Independent, The (London)|date=1999-07-12|author=Jon Speelman|access-date=2007-07-29|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080308153016/http://findarticles.com/p/articles/mi_qn4158/is_19990712/ai_n14255436|archive-date=2008-03-08|url-status=dead}}</ref><ref>[http://chesspro.ru/_events/2007/monreal13.html Emil Sutovsky plaCying bughouse at the 8th Montreal International] Accessed July 31, 2007.</ref> One of the strongest matches on record (in terms of chess players' ratings) took place following the 2014 [[Sinquefield Cup]], with [[Magnus Carlsen]] and [[Maxime Vachier-Lagrave]] teaming up against [[Fabiano Caruana]] and [[Levon Aronian]] – all four being among the top ten chess players in the world at the time.<ref name=wsj/>

With the absence of an [[International Federation]], over-the-board competitive bughouse is very much in its infancy. While there is no over-the-board [[world championship]], an online world championship is sponsored by chess.com.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://lichess.org/forum/team-bughouse-world-championship/2021-bughouse-world-championships#6|title = 2021 Bughouse World Championships!}}</ref> Participants in the 2021 tournament included Grandmasters [[Nils Grandelius]] and [[Jeffery Xiong]]. Xiong, playing with partner catask (who had won the 2021 Crazyhouse World Championship),<ref>{{cite web | url=https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=epXF7rxpwr0 | title=Grand Final (3 of 3) of Crazyhouse World Championship 2021 - Jasugi99 vs catask | website=[[YouTube]] }}</ref> won the 2021 event. A few countries do organize bughouse tournaments within the national chess federation. Examples include:
* The yearly international chess festival Czech Open in July features the Czech republic bughouse championship.<ref>[http://www.czechopen.net/ Chess festival Czech Open]. Accessed July 29, 2007.</ref>
* Yearly, [[United States Chess Federation|USCF]] organizes bughouse tournaments as part of the National Junior High (K-9) Championship and the National High School (K-12) Championship.<ref>The official announcements for the [http://www.uschess.org/tournaments/2006/jhs/ 2006] and [http://www.uschess.org/tournaments/2007/jhs/ 2007] editions. Accessed July 29, 2007.</ref><ref>The official announcements for the [http://www.uschess.org/tournaments/2006/hs/ 2006] and [http://www.uschess.org/tournaments/2007/hs/ 2007] editions. Accessed July 29, 2007.</ref>
Other tournaments are organized privately:
* One of the largest international bughouse tournaments is the yearly tournament in Berlin.<ref>[http://www.bughouse.info Official website of the Berlin bughouse tournament]. Accessed July 29, 2007.</ref> Going into its sixth edition, it is popular among top players from [[Free Internet Chess Server|FICS]]. Grandmaster [[Levon Aronian]] took part in the 2005 edition of the tournament and took the second place with his teammate Vasiliy Shakov.<ref>[http://www.berlinerschachverband.de/archiv/chronik/2005/tandem/ Report of the 2005 edition] {{webarchive |url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070128060637/http://www.berlinerschachverband.de/archiv/chronik/2005/tandem/ |date=January 28, 2007 }}, Berliner Schachverband. Accessed July 29, 2007.</ref>
* Since 2000 there has been an annual bughouse tournament in Geneva, attracting the best European players.<ref name="dprit" /><ref>[http://www.pion.ch/Bug/gath.html Official site of the bughouse tournament in Geneva]. Accessed July 29, 2007.</ref>

=== Online ===<!-- This section is linked from [[Bughouse chess]] -->
Since 1995, Bughouse has been available online at [[chess server]]s such as [[Free Internet Chess Server|FICS]] and [[Internet Chess Club|ICC]] and, as of 2016, at [[Chess.com]].<ref>von Zimmerman (2006), p. 239</ref> FICS was historically the most active server for bughouse, attracting the world's best players like [[Levon Aronian]],<ref>von Zimmerman (2006), pp. 5–9, 16, 25, 95 and 240</ref> but it is much more likely to find a game more quickly at [[chess.com]].

The game is played online in the same way as over the board, but some aspects are unique to online bughouse. In games over the board, communication is heard by all players, while in online bughouse it is usually done via private messages between two partners. This makes communication a more powerful weapon. It is also easier to coordinate as the second board is more visible on the screen than over the board.<ref>von Zimmerman (2006), p. 240</ref> The time aspect is altered due to existence of [[premove]] and [[lag (video games)|lag]]. The latter can influence the diagonal time difference significantly, and it is good sportsmanship to restart the game when this difference gets too large.<ref>Anders Ebenfelt's [http://reocities.com/Paris/metro/1324/ Bughouse page] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140528173800/http://reocities.com/Paris/metro/1324/ |date=2014-05-28 }}. Accessed August 29.</ref>

[[internet chess server|ICS]] compatible interfaces particularly suitable for bughouse include [https://www.freechess.org/Newsletter/Dec-2001/thief.html Thief ] and [https://www.chess.com/forum/view/chess-equipment/babas-chess BabasChess]. They have the ability to display both boards at the same time and store played or observed games; they also have partner communication buttons and a lag indicator. Special [[Chess Engine Communication Protocol]] compatible [[chess engine|engines]] have been written that support bughouse, examples are Sunsetter, Sjeng and TJchess.<ref>[http://sunsetter.sourceforge.net/ Homepage of Sunsetter]. Accessed July 29, 2007.</ref><ref>[http://www.sjeng.org/indexold.html Homepage of Sjeng]. Accessed July 29, 2007.</ref><ref>[http://www.tonyjh.com/chess/ Homepage of TJchess]. Accessed July 29, 2007.</ref> Although much faster than humans, they lack in positional understanding and especially in coordination and communication, an essential skill in this team game.<ref>Georg von Zimmerman (2000), ''Figuren recycling'', Computerschach und Spiele 5/00 p44–46 (in German).</ref>

In 2016, bughouse was introduced as a part of new version of [[Chess.com]] with browser-based play.<ref>[https://www.chess.com/article/view/the-new-chess-com-v3-now-with-bughouse Bughouse on Chess.com]</ref>

====World Championship====
Chess.com has hosted an annual Bughouse World Championship with a prize fund. Winners have included:
* 2023: [[Lars Oskar Hauge|GM Lars Hauge]] & [https://ratings.fide.com/profile/3702308 GM Guillermo Vazquez]
* 2022: [[Awonder Liang]] & [[Jeffery Xiong]]
* 2021: Awonder Liang & Jeffery Xiong
* 2020: [https://ratings.fide.com/profile/2029049 FM Daniel Yeager] & [https://ratings.fide.com/profile/2608359 Janak Awatramani]<ref>Chess.com, [https://www.chess.com/blog/MidnightFox/chess-com-bughouse-world-championship-2024 2024 Bughouse World Championship]</ref>