Editing Benign prostatic hyperplasia (section)

=== Lifestyle ===
[[File:NHS-thingstotry.png|alt=If you suffer symptoms, gradually train your bladder. Hold on when you need to pee and delay for longer each time. Do this slowly over several weeks. Try to pee in succession. This is where you wait a few moments after you have finished peeing and try again. It can help you empty your bladder properly. Use pads or a sheath to absorb leaks or dribbles. Pads can be worn inside underwear or replace underwear. Try to maintain a healthy weight. Being overweight can make your symptoms worse. If you have dribbling after peeing. Pelvic floor exercises can help. Manually push out the last few drops of urine (pee). After peeing, wait a few seconds, place your fingertips behind your scrotum, and gently massage forwards and upwards. Repeat twice.|thumb|Things that you can try if you have symptoms of an enlarged prostate, according to the NHS in England<ref name="www.england.nhs.uk" />.]]
[[File:NHS-thingstoavoid.png|alt=Drink fewer drinks with artificial sweeteners, and drink less alcohol. These can affect the bladder. Avoid caffeine completely. Caffeine can irritate the bladder lining which can make you want to pee urgently and cause leakage. It can take 4 – 6 weeks of completely avoiding caffeine to see a difference in symptoms. Fruit juices can sometimes make symptoms worse. This is because they are acidic and can irritate the bladder, especially if you have had prostate surgery. Avoid being constipated. It can put pressure on your bladder. Include fibre in your diet such as fruit, vegetables, beans, and whole grains. Avoid medicines with decongestants or antihistamines. These can make symptoms worse.|thumb|400x400px|Things to avoid if you have symptoms of an enlarged prostate, according to the NHS in England<ref name="www.england.nhs.uk" />.]]
Lifestyle alterations to address the symptoms of BPH include physical activity,<ref>{{cite journal | vauthors = Silva V, Grande AJ, Peccin MS | title = Physical activity for lower urinary tract symptoms secondary to benign prostatic obstruction | journal = The Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews | volume = 2019 | issue = 4 | pages = CD012044 | date = April 2019 | pmid = 30953341 | pmc = 6450803 | doi = 10.1002/14651858.CD012044.pub2 }}</ref> decreasing fluid intake before bedtime, moderating the consumption of alcohol and caffeine-containing products, and following a timed voiding schedule.

Patients can also attempt to avoid products and medications with [[anticholinergic]] properties that may exacerbate urinary retention symptoms of BPH, including [[antihistamine]]s, [[decongestant]]s, [[opioid]]s, and [[tricyclic antidepressant]]s; however, changes in medications should be done with input from a medical professional.<ref>{{cite web |title = Benign prostatic hyperplasia |url = http://umm.edu/health/medical/reports/articles/benign-prostatic-hyperplasia |publisher = University of Maryland Medical Center |archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20170425092640/http://umm.edu/health/medical/reports/articles/benign-prostatic-hyperplasia |archive-date = 25 April 2017 }}</ref>

==== Physical activity ====
Physical activity has been recommended as a treatment for urinary tract symptoms. A 2019 Cochrane review of six studies involving 652 men assessing the effects of physical activity alone, and physical activity as a part of a self-management program, among others.  However, the quality of evidence was very low and therefore it remains uncertain whether physical activity is helpful in men experiencing urinary symptoms caused by benign prostatic hyperplasia.<ref>{{cite journal | vauthors = Silva V, Grande AJ, Peccin MS | title = Physical activity for lower urinary tract symptoms secondary to benign prostatic obstruction | journal = The Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews | volume = 2019 | issue = 4 | pages = CD012044 | date = April 2019 | pmid = 30953341 | pmc = 6450803 | doi = 10.1002/14651858.CD012044.pub2 | collaboration = Cochrane Urology Group }}</ref>

==== Voiding position ====
Voiding position when urinating may influence urodynamic parameters (urinary flow rate, voiding time, and post-void residual volume).<ref>{{cite web |url = http://www.mednet.nl/wosmedia/1718/mictiehouding_tvu.pdf |title = Influence of voiding posture on urodynamic parameters in men: a literature review | vauthors = De Jong Y, Pinckaers JH, Ten Brinck RM, Lycklama à Nijeholt AA  |publisher = Nederlands Tijdschrift voor urologie |access-date = 2 July 2014 |url-status = live |archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20140714200739/http://www.mednet.nl/wosmedia/1718/mictiehouding_tvu.pdf |archive-date = 14 July 2014}}</ref> A [[meta-analysis]] found no differences between the standing and sitting positions for healthy males, but that, for elderly males with lower urinary tract symptoms, voiding in the sitting position-- <ref>{{cite journal | vauthors = de Jong Y, Pinckaers JH, ten Brinck RM, Lycklama à Nijeholt AA, Dekkers OM | title = Urinating standing versus sitting: position is of influence in men with prostate enlargement. A systematic review and meta-analysis | journal = PLOS ONE | volume = 9 | issue = 7 | pages = e101320 | date = 2014 | pmid = 25051345 | pmc = 4106761 | doi = 10.1371/journal.pone.0101320 | doi-access = free | bibcode = 2014PLoSO...9j1320D }}</ref>
* decreased the post-void residual volume;
* increased the maximum urinary flow, comparable with pharmacological intervention; and
* decreased the voiding time.

This [[Urodynamic testing|urodynamic]] profile is associated with a lower risk of urologic complications, such as [[cystitis]] and [[bladder stones]].