Editing Bead (section)

== Place or period of origin ==
[[Image:Cinnabarbead.jpg|thumb|upright|Carved [[Cinnabar]] [[lacquer]] beads]]
* '''African trade beads''' or '''[[slave beads]]''' may be antique beads that were manufactured in Europe and used for trade during the colonial period, such as chevron beads; or they may have been made in West Africa by and for Africans, such as Mauritanian [[Kiffa beads]], Ghanaian and Nigerian [[powder glass beads]], or African-made brass beads. Archaeologists have documented that as recently as the late-nineteenth century beads manufactured in Europe continued to accompany exploration of Africa using Indigenous routes into the interior.<ref>Cummings, Mike, ''[https://news.yale.edu/2022/09/15/beads-show-european-trade-african-interior-used-indigenous-routes Beads show European trade in African interior used Indigenous routes]'', Yale News. September 15, 2022</ref>
* '''Austrian crystal''' is a generic term for cut lead-crystal beads, based on the location and prestige of the [[Swarovski]] firm.
* '''Czech glass''' beads are made in the [[Czech Republic]], in particular an area called [[Jablonec nad Nisou]]. Production of glass beads in the area dates back to the 14th century, though production was depressed under communist rule. Because of this long tradition, their workmanship and quality has an excellent reputation.
* '''Islamic glass beads''' have been made in a wide geographical and historical range of [[Islamic culture]]s. Used and manufactured from [[Al-Andalus|medieval Spain]] and North Africa in the West and to China in the East, they can be identified by recognizable features, including styles and techniques.<ref>{{Cite journal|last=Liu|first=Robert K.|date=October 2012|title=Islamic Glass Beads|url=https://www.academia.edu/download/56575173/Islamic_Glass_Beads.pdf |archive-url=https://ghostarchive.org/archive/20221009/https://www.academia.edu/download/56575173/Islamic_Glass_Beads.pdf |archive-date=2022-10-09 |url-status=live|journal=Ornament|volume=36|pages=58–70|access-date=2022-02-14|via=|number=1}}{{dead link|date=July 2022|bot=medic}}{{cbignore|bot=medic}}</ref>
* '''Vintage beads''', in the collectibles and antique market, refers to items that are at least 25 or more years old. Vintage beads are available in materials that include lucite, plastic, crystal, metal and glass.

=== Miscellaneous ethnic beads ===
[[Tibet]]an [[Dzi bead]]s and [[Rudraksha bead]]s are used to make Buddhist and Hindu rosaries ([[Prayer beads|malas]]). [[Magatama]] are traditional [[Japan]]ese beads, and [[cinnabar]] was often used for making beads<!--It would be good to add the name of these beads.--> in [[China]]. [[Wampum]] are cylindrical white or purple beads made from [[quahog]] or North Atlantic [[channeled whelk]] shells by northeastern Native American tribes, such as the [[Wampanoag]] and [[Shinnecock Indian Nation|Shinnecock]].<ref>Dubin, 170-171</ref> [[Job's tears]] are seed beads popular among southeastern Native American tribes. [[Heishe]] are beads made of shells or stones by the [[Kewa Pueblo, New Mexico|Kewa Pueblo people]] of [[New Mexico]].
[[File:Pomegranate carved in the round MET DP110584.jpg|thumb|[[Pomegranate carved in the round|Bead, depicting a pomegranate]], dated to the [[Assyrian Empire]] of the 8th century BCE.]]